1. AIDS is a disease that breaks down the body’s immune system and.... (Reading)
【考点】 break down可作及物动词,作“破坏;使失效”解。也可作不及物动词,常表示“(计划,谈判等) 受挫折、失败”或“感情失去控制”或“(机器)停止运转”。
【考例】 News reports say peace talks between the two countries______ with no agreement reached.(NMET 2003)
A. have broken down
B. have broken out
C. have broken in
D. have broken up
【解析】由with no agreement reached (没达成任何协议)这一提示可知,全句要表达“和谈失败”之意。而break up“驱散,分开”;break in “插嘴”;break out“爆发”,都不符合句意,可排除。break down意为“(谈判等)失败”,符合句意,故选A。
2. She spends much of her time telling others about her disease and encouraging people to learn how to protect themselves. (Reading)
【考点】 及物动词encourage的意思是“鼓励”,表示“鼓励某人做某事”用encourage sb. to do sth.。
【考例】 My advisor encouraged ______ a summer course to improve my writing skills. (北京2004)
A. for me taking B. me taking
C. for me to take D. me to take
【解析】 根据短语encourage sb. to do sth.可知应选D。
3. I had been feeling sick for a long time and my mum had taken me to hospital to have me examined. (Integrating skills)
【考点】 过去完成进行时的构成是“had+ been+ doing”,表示从过去某时间开始到过去另一时间为止,该动作一直在持续进行着,它具有过去完成时和过去进行时二者的特征。
【考例】 The crazy fans ______ patiently for two hours’ and they would wait till the movie star arrived.(重庆2004)
A. were waiting
B. had been waiting
C. had waited
D. would wait
【解析】从and后的分句可知电影明星还没有到,所以当时还在“等”,体现了进行时态;从第一分句的时间状语for two hours可知是过去完成时,由此可知用过去完成进行时,故选B。