Word Study
bridge
n.
桥
a bridge across the river架在河上的桥
Don't cross the bridge until you come to it.(谚)不要杞人忧天。;莫自寻烦恼。
the Nanjing Changjiang River Bridge
cross the bridge
n.
桥牌, 一种纸牌游戏
play bridge打桥牌
It takes four persons to play bridge.桥牌要四个人玩。
field
n.
田地
a field of maize一块玉米地
活动场地
矿物产地
an oilfield油田
领域
the field of politics政治领域
Our field of vision is limited by that tall building.我们的视野受到了那座高层建筑物的限制。
现场
traffic
n.
交通
Traffic police are sometimes very polite.交通警察非常有礼貌。
来往的行人、车辆等
The city streets are full of traffic.城市的街道上满是行人车辆
traffic jam交通拥塞
a traffic in ideas意见的沟通
the unlawful traffic in drugs非法的毒品买卖
The bridge is open to traffic.此桥可以通车。
kilometre
build
vt., vi.
built, building
建筑；建造；盖
He built a model ship out of wood.他用木头造了个模型船。
The Crystal Palace was built in Hyde Park for the Great Exhibition of 1851.`水晶宫'是为1851年的`世界博览会'在海德公园建造的。
The ancient temple was built of wood.这所庙宇是木结构的。
They are building in that area now.他们正在那个地区建房子。
The wind began to build.风力开始增大。build
rise
vi.
rose, risen, rising
（太阳、月亮、星星）升起，出现
The sun rose at seven o'clock.太阳七点钟升起。
升高
The river is rising after the rain.雨后河水涨了。
The plane was then able to rise and it cleared the mountains by 400 feet."这时飞机能上升了,并在距山头400英尺的高度飞越了山头。"
The steps of the palace rise in easy flights.宫殿台阶上升的坡度不大。
Prices have risen steadily during the past decade.过去十年间物价一直在上涨。
起床；立起；站起来
（河流）发源于
The river Rhine rises in Switzerland.rise from table
rise above the ordinary level超出一般水平
The flood has risen two feet.洪水上涨两英尺。
His voice rose in excitement.他激动得声音提高了。
Prices[Funds] rose sharply.价格[资金]急剧上涨[增长]。
Our confidence rises.我们的信心增强。
His colour rose.他气色好起来了。
The tower rises 40 feet.这塔高40尺。
My gorge [stomach] rises at it.我一看见这东西就恶心。
The river rises in the mountains.这河发源于群山之中。
The quarrel rose from a mere trifle.争吵由小事引起。
The assembly will rise next Friday.大会将在星期五闭幕。
They rose to the occasion.他们能应付那情势。
n.
兴起
the rise of the Roman Empire罗马帝国的兴起
The decrease in the number of bicycles and cars might give rise to another new set of problems.自行车和小汽车数量减少会造成一些新的问题。
升高
a rise in prices物价上涨
The rise in the house rent has added to our difficulties.房租涨价增加了我们的困难。
at rise of sun太阳升起的时候
the rise and fall of the tide潮之涨落
a rise in prices物价升高
have a rise in wages提高工资
a rise in the ground一个向上的斜坡
flow
vi.
流，流动；流过
The stream flowed rapidly.溪水畅流。
The cars flowed in a steady stream along the main road.汽车在干道上不停地驶过。
Her tears flowed fast at the bad news."她一听到这伤心消息,眼泪就一涌而出。"
The river flowed over its banks.河水泛滥。
（衣服、头发）飘拂
流入
Rivers flow into the sea.江河流入海中。
Time flows.光阴流逝。
The river flowed over its banks.河水泛滥。
Our motherland flows with natural resources.我们祖国蕴藏着丰富的天然资源。
among
prep.
在…之中
They live among the mountains.他们住在群山之中。
Share the fruit among your friends.把水果分给你的朋友们。
I was among the crowd.我处身在人群中。
…之一
She is among my most welcome visitors.她是我最欢迎的来访者之一。
She is among the best of our typists.她是我们最好打字员之一。
a village among hills群山环抱的村庄
among the children在孩子们中间
among the trees在树丛中
among ourselves严守秘密, 只可你我知道
from among从... 中
one among a thousand千里挑一的人
You are only one among many who need help.你不过是许多需要帮助的人之一。
Shenyang is among the largest industrial cities in China.沈阳是中国最大工业城市之一。
They fought among themselves.他们互相残杀。
among -between
都含有“在...中间”的意思。 较正式、标准的用法是:
among用于“三者或三者以上之间”, 如:
He often went among the masses.
他经常深入群众。
而 between 则用于“两者之间”, 如:
Between the peoples of China and the Soviet Union there is a profound friendship.
中苏两国人民之间存在着深厚的友谊。
mountain
n.
高山；山岳
Rocky Mountains落基山
Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world.珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山峰。
大量；极多；多数
overcome mountains of difficulties克服重重困难
mountains of work大量工作
The waves were like mountains.波浪象群山。
west
n.
西; 西部
[the West ]西方, 欧美; 美[英]国西部; 【史】西罗马帝国
西风
go to the West到西部去
He lives in the west of England.他住在英国西部。
Korea lies to the west of Japan.朝鲜位于日本西边。
adj.
西方的; 西部的; 在西的; 朝西的
(风等)从西方来的
the west end of the island岛的西端
a west wind西风
West Point(美国)西点军校
West Pointer(美国)西点军校学员或毕业生
rush
vi., vt.
仓促；匆忙
The driver was rushed to casualty after the car accident."车祸后,司机被迅速送到急救室抢救。"
He rushed headlong into marriage.他仓促轻率地结了婚。
猛进；猛冲
rush up the stairs猛冲上楼
She rushed into the room to tell us the news.她冲进房间告诉我们这个消息。
They had rushed up to her and tried to steal her handbag."他们向她冲来,并且企图夺取她的手提包。"
village
till
prep., conj.
直至，直到…为止
wait till ten o'clock一直等到10点钟
Wait till I return等到我回来！
till then到那时止, 在那时以前
from morning till night从早到晚
He didn't return till ten o'clock.他到十点才回来。
Walk till you come to a white house.走下去, 一直走到一座白房子为止。
People do not know the value of health till they lose it.人们直到失去健康, 才知道健康的可贵。
【说明】①till 与 until 的意义和用法相同, 但句首一般不用 till 而用 until。②两者皆可用作介词和连词, 但两者都不能没有宾语, 因此都不是副词。③要注意在使用 until 或 till 表示汉语“直到...才”的时候, 常常要把汉语的肯定句改为否定句。
east
n.
东，东方
Our building faces east.我们的大楼朝东。
"The room faces East, so we get the morning sun.""这个房间朝东,所以早晨的太阳照到我们房间里来。"
The sun rises in the east.红太阳在东方升起。
东风
a strong east wind一股强劲的东风
an east wind东风
east China华东
adv.
在东方; 从东方来; 向[往]东方
travel east向东方 旅行
face east朝东
Down East[美口]新英格兰(指美国东北部缅因州一带)
China is in the east of Asia.中国位于亚洲东部。
China faces the Pacific on the east.中国东临太平洋。
Japan lies to the east of China.日本在中国之东。
useful
adj.
有用的，有益的
useful life使用寿命
That is a useful knife.那是把有用的小刀。
a pretty useful performance相当精采的演出
She makes herself generally useful.她能干各式各样的工作。
He's a useful member of the team.他是该队的一名强手。
His wife is very useful at cooking.他的妻子擅长烹调。
gentle
和善的；温和的
柔和的；和缓的
a gentle wind和风
future
n.
将来；未来
Our future seems very uncertain.我们的未来似难预测。
The ability to do this will be necessary in future flights to distant planets."在将来向遥远的行星飞行的时候,需要这样的能力。"
前途；远景
I wish you a happy future.祝你前途美好。
There's no future in trying to sell furs in a hot country.在气候炎热的国家里做皮货生意是不会有前途的。
adj.
将来的；未来的
We're leaving this city; our future home will be in Paris."我们就要离开这座城市了,我们未来的家将在巴黎。
a future life来世
park
停放（车辆）； 停车
Don't park the car in this street.不得在这条街上停车。
Please park your car in the parking lot and hike in."请把车停在外面停车场,步行进去。"
放于；置于；藏于
Don't park your books on my desk! (喻)不要把你的书堆放在我的书桌上!
He parked himself in an easy chair.他坐在安乐椅中。
安顿下来；留置
He parked his baby at his aunt's.他把婴儿寄放在姑母处。
No Parking on the bridge
get on
be open to traffic
the East China Sea
bank
n.
岸；堤
That big tree on the bank of the river might afford us shelter from the rain.河岸上那棵大树也许可供我们避雨。
There are many trees on both sides of the river
from place to place
make good use of
the Yellow River
the Bohai Sea
dry
vt., vi.
dried, drying
弄干；变干
The clothes dried quickly outside.衣服在外面干得快。
She dried her hair in the sun.她在太阳底下把头发晒干。
脱水保存（食物）
dried fruit水果干
dry up
deep
深的
a deep river一条很深的河
deep seas深海
纵深的；内部的
远离中心的
a deep border遥远的边境线
深…；延深至…
a hole two feet deep两英尺深的洞
深奥的；难解的
He's a deep one.他是个深不可测的人。
神秘的；奇异的
a deep dark secret高深莫测的秘密。
a deep question一个深奥的问题
聪明的；老谋深算的；富有理解力的
a deep mind高超的思想
深浓的；强烈的；不易改变的
deep feelings强烈的感受
Her love for the child was very deep.她对孩子的爱是很深的。
颜色深浓的；浓重的
He has deep brown eyes.他有一双深棕色的眼睛。
声音低沉的
He has a deep voice.他的嗓音低沉。
deep in debt债台高筑
deep red深 红
a deep drinker酒量很大的人
be deep in work埋头工作
be deep in thought沉思着
Cheer up
cheer
n.
words of cheer鼓励话
Christmas cheer圣诞佳肴
Let's give three cheers for the visitors.让我们向来宾三次欢呼。
A good meal brought cheer to our hearts.一顿美餐使我们心中愉快。
vt.
cheer the victory为胜利而欢呼
The boys cheered their football team.男孩子们为他们的足球队喊加油。
Everyone was cheered by the good news.每个人都为听到这个消息而高兴。
understand
vt., vi.
-stood, -standing
懂得；熟悉
I can't understand classical literature.我不懂古典文学。
Do you understand Spain?你懂西班牙语吗？
The porter, however, could not understand me.可是,那个搬运工人听不懂我的话。
Then he spoke slowly, but I could not understand him.接着他说得慢了,但是我听不懂他的话。
The English understand each other, but I don't understand them!英国人彼此间听得懂,可我就是听不懂他们的话!
了解
A good teacher must understand children.一个好的老师应该了解孩子们。
知道；获悉；听说
I understand you're coming to work for us.我听说你要到我们这儿来工作。I don't understand you.
我不懂你的话。
A good teacher must understand children.一个好的教师必须了解孩子。
It is understood that you will come.相信你会来的。
What did you understand him to say?你认为他说的是什么意思呢?
In this case the verb may be understood.在这种情况下这动词可以省略。
No Photos
as
当；正值
He dropped the glass as he stood up.他站起来时，把杯子摔了.
He was watching TV as we were busy doing our homework.
favourite
adj.
心爱的；中意的；喜爱的
my favorite book我爱读的书
Oranges are my favorite fruit.柑橘是我最喜爱的水果。
Baked apples are his favourite dish.烘苹果是他爱吃的菜。
特别喜爱的物；特别喜爱的人
David's a great favourite with his teacher.大卫是他的老师最为喜欢的学生。
These novels are my favourites.这些是我最喜欢的小说书。
过分受宠爱的人
A teacher shouldn't have favorites.一个教师不应过分宠爱某些学生。
set
（星星、月亮、太阳）落下，沉没
The moon is setting.月亮正在落下(日, 月等)落, 下沉
The sun sets in the west.日落西方。
It will be cooler when the sun has set.太阳落后, 天就会凉爽些。
His star has set.[喻]他的好运已过去了。
放[装, 设, 布]置, 竖立, 贴, 靠, 铺, 砌; 安置, 安排
set a pot on the fire把锅放在火上
set a ladder against the wall把梯子靠在墙上
set a receiver to the ear把(电话)听筒放到耳边
set the table for dinner在桌上摆设餐具准备开饭
He set the stake in the ground.他将桩子竖在地上。
Please set the box on its end.请把这箱子竖着放。
致, 使; 使处于某种状态, 使(某人)做某事
A spark set the woods on fire.星星之火使整个森林燃烧起来。
I must set my affairs in order.我必须使我的事情搞得井井有条。
Why didn't you set the boy right？你为什么不纠正那孩子的错误呢？
A good night's rest will set you right.酣睡一夜将使你的精神得到恢复。
My jokes set the whole table laughing.我说的笑话使全桌人大笑起来。
Set a thief to catch a thief.[谚]以贼捉贼; 以毒攻毒。
倾注; 使下决心
set one's heart on the common good一心为公
set one's hope on becoming a teacher渴望成为一名教师
He has set himself to learn from her.他决心向她学习。
Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.世上无难事, 只怕有心人。
使(鸡)孵卵, 使(卵)受孵
set a hen使母鸡孵卵
set eggs把蛋给母鸡孵
种, 播, 植, 栽
set seeds播种
set plants栽植物
set a tree植树
点燃; 放(火)
set a match to old papers擦火柴点燃旧报纸
set fire to the enemy's ammunition dump放火烧敌人的弹药库
Forests are sometimes set ablaze by lightning.森林有时因雷击而起火。
镶嵌; 点缀
set a diamond in a ring在戒指上嵌钻石
The tops of the walls were set with broken glass.墙顶嵌上碎玻璃。
The sky seemed to be set with diamonds.天空似乎镶嵌了钻石。
The sky was set with myriads of stars.无数星星点缀着夜空。
使凝结[固]; 使牢固; 使固定; 使(骨等)复位; 使(头发)成波浪形
set a butterfly把蝴蝶固定住作标本
set a broken leg接合断腿
She had her hair set.她把头发做成波浪形。
指定, 规定(日期, 价格, 限度等); 制定(规则等); 颁布; 估计; 评价
set a price on sth.定价格
set a date for a meeting确定会议日期
set the targets of production定生产指标
set a price on sb.'s head悬赏捉[杀]某人
set a rule制定规则
set a limit定一限度
set a distance定距离
签(字); 盖(印); 印上(痕记), 写, 记录
set one's hand and seal to a document在文件上签名盖章
The years have set their mark on his brow.年岁在他的额上打下了印记。
树立(榜样), 创造(纪录)
set a new production record创造新的生产纪录
The heroes set us a noble example.英雄们给我们树立了崇高的榜样。
分配, 提出(任务), 指定(作业), 出[命](题目, 试题)
The manager set the clerks various tasks.经理向职员们分配各项任务。
Who will set the papers for the examination？这次考试由谁来命题？
调整, 校正(仪器); 拨准(钟表); 锉(锯齿), 拨(锯路); 磨快, 修平(剃刀等)
set the camera lens调整照相镜头
set a plough调整犁头于待用位置
set the alarm-clock拨好闹钟
set one's watch by the time-signal on the radio按收音机报时信号对表
set a saw拨锯路
为...谱曲, 改写乐曲; 为...布景, 以...为背景
set words to music为词谱曲
set piano music for the violin将钢琴曲改写成小提琴曲
set new words to an old tune set为旧调配新词
set the stage为舞台布景
The story is set in the early days of World WarⅡ. 此故事是以第二次世界大战初期为背景的。
设(陷阱); 张(罗网); 扬(帆), 钩住(鱼颚)
set a trap for a mouse放置捕鼠器
set sail扬帆
排(铅字), 排版
综合能力训练
Ⅰ. 翻译下列短语
1. 更好地利用 ______________ 2. 禁止拍照！ ___________
2. 5，000米长 ______________ 4. 第三大国家 ___________
5. 在将来 __________________ 6. 起先 ________
7. 奔腾不息 _______________ 8. 从一处到另一处 _________
9. 数百公里 ___________ 10. 太多的食物 _____________
make better use of No photos 5000 metres long the third largest country in the future at first rush on and on from place and place hundreds of kilometers too much food
按要求写出下列单词
1. build (名词) ________ 2. rise (过去式) _______
2. rush (第三人称单数) _________ 4. till (同义词) ________
5. use (形容词) ________ 6. carry (第三人称单数形式) _______
7. gentle (副词) ________ 8. deep (副词) _______
9. twelve (序数词) ______ 10. high (比较级) _______
building rose rushes until useful carries gently deeply twelfth higher
根据句意和中文提示写出英文
1. There are some ______ (桥) over the river.
2. The workers are ______ (建造) a high building in our school.
3. The sun ______ (升起) in the east every morning.
4. There’s a sign, it says “No _______ (停车) on the bridge!”
5. He often ______ (运送) water for the old man.
6. I will drive you over the _______(桥).
7. It was open to _______ (交通) in March, 2000.
8. The Changjiang River Bridge 2100 ______ (公里) long.
9. The river flows down from among the ______ (山脉) in the west of China.
10. Let’s go and tell the _______ (其余的) to join us.
Bridges building rises parking carries
Bridge traffic kilometers mountains others
用所给词的适当形式填空
1. Helen always drives _______ (care).
2. Changjiang is the _______ (three) longest in the world.
3. It is a very ______ (use) river.
4. People have done much to make _______ (good) use of the water.
5. Those _______ (America) don’t like Chinese food.
6. I’ve never seen such high ______ before. (build)
7. The teacher often says to us ______. (gentle)
8. This book is very ______, you’d better read it. (use)
9. We are learning the ______ Lesson. (twelve)
10. The Nile is the ______ river in the world. (long)
Carefully third useful better Americans
Buildings gently useful twelfth longest
用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. No _______ (swim) in the river.
2. He _____ (park) his car and went out.
3. The workers _______ (build) some bridges over the river so far.
4. The teacher said the sun ______ (rise) in the east.
5. The teacher told me _______ (not watch) TV in the evening.
6. We _______ (not begin) the meeting till the teacher comes.
7. When I saw him, he ______ (write) a letter.
8. Are you interested in _______ (fish)?
9. Be careful _______ (not do) this in the sunlight.
10. He is tired, but he doesn't stop _________ (work).
11. The teacher said the earth ______ (go) around the sun.
12. How many English words ______ you _____ (learn) by now?
13. I haven’t seen the film. I _____ (see) it with you.
14. Don’t talk! They ______ (have) a meeting.
15. When _____ they _____ (arrive) here? Just two days ago.
16. Do you enjoy _______ (watch) TV?
17. The doctor asked him ______ (take) the medicine three times a day.
18. He _______ (write) a letter when I came in.
19. You must try your best ______ (learn) English well.
20. _______ (not talk) in class, please!
Swimming parked have built rises not to watch won’t begin was writing fishing
Not to do working Goes have learned will see are having did arrive watching to take was writing to learn Don’t talk
根据要求转换句型
1. The park is very beautiful. (感叹句)
______ _______ the park is!
2. The river is about 7,000 metres long. (对划线部分提问)
______ _______ is the river?
3. They will come here in a week. (同上)
______ ______ will they come here?
4. Remember to send the letter for me. (同义句)
_______ _______to send the letter for me.
5. He knows nothing about it. (改为反意问句)
He knows nothing about it, ______ ______?
How beautiful How long How soon Don’t forget does he
下列各句各有一处错误，请选出并改正
1. My home is about five lis far away from our school.
2. English is becoming more important and more important,you can’t give it up.
3. The Changjiang River is the longest river in China and the third longer in the world.
4. English an useful subject, you must learn it well.
5. – How long have you joined the League? -- For about a year.
6. The man is very fat, he eats much too food every day.
7. What an interesting news it is! I’ve never heard of such one.
8. The boy is the second taller student in our class.
9. The teacher said the sun rose in the east.
10. I won’t go to bed till I will finish my homework this evening.
Li more and more important longest a been in Too much an去掉 tallest rises finish
Ⅱ. 选择最佳选项
( ) 1. _____ wide the river is!
A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
( ) 2. The street is about _____.
A. thirty metre wide B. thirty metres longer
C. thirty metres widely D. thirty metres wide
( ) 3. Now get _____ the bus. I'll drive you ______ the bridge.
A. on, over B. off, over C. into, on D. out of, on
( ) 4. ______ will they finish the work? In about two hours.
A. How long B. How soon C. How often D. How
( ) 5. They're going to build _______.
A. a little more bridges B. a few more bridges
C. more a few bridges D. a little bridges more
( ) 6. My home is about _____ from here.
A. ten lis far B. ten li far away
C. ten lis away D. ten li away
( ) 7. -- Can you see that sign?
-- Yes. It _____. "No swimming here!"
A. writes B. says C. read D. written
( ) 8. The Changjiang River is _____ river in the world.
A. the longest B. the longer C. the third longest D. the long
( ) 9. He knows nothing about it, ______?
A. does he B. doesn't he C. is he D. isn't he
( ) 10. When I saw him in the street, I stopped ______ with him.
A. to talk B. talking C. talk D. talked
( ) 11. There's a desk _____.
A. among him and me B. between he and I
C. among he and I D. between him and me
( ) 12. I won't go home till he _____ here.
A. will come B. comes C. came D. would come
( ) 13. He is clever, _____ he doesn't study hard.
A. and B. then C. but D. because
( ) 14. I ______ the Party for about five years.
A. have joined B. have taken part in
C. have joined in D. have been in
( ) 15. There's _____ "u" in the word "use".
A. an B. the C. a D./
( ) 16. There is ______ water in the river.
A. much too B. too much C. more D. very much
( ) 17. I ______ think you ______ right.
A. don't, aren't B. don't, don't C. /, don't D. don't, are
( ) 18. There are ______ people in the square (广场).
A. thousand B. thousands C. thousands of D. thousand of
( ) 19. The boy is getting ________.
A. higher and higher B. taller and taller
C. more and more high D. more and more tall
( ) 20. He writes ______ than I.
A. much carefully B, much more careful
C. much more carefully D. more more carefully
( ) 21. Shanghai is __________ China.
A. in the east of B. to the east
C. in the west of D. to the west of
( )22. _______ big fish it is!
A. How B. How a C. What D. What a
( )23. Would you like ______ a cup of tea?
A. drinking B. drink C. to drink D. drinks
( )24. He likes football. So ______ I
A. does B. do C. like D. like
( )25. He