1. stand for ①代表，象征 ②为……的缩写 ③赞同、支持或主张某事物 ④忍受、容忍
What do the five Olympic rings _______________________________（奥运五环象征什么？）
NBA__________________________________ National Basketball Association
We_____________________________________________________________（人人有言论自由）
I can’t_________________________________________________________（忍受他的无礼）
2．tie vt＆vi ①把……打成平局 ②系、扎 ③得同样分数,不分胜负(vi)
Our team ________________the visiting team yesterday.与客队打成平局
Can you__________________________ this parcel for me?能帮我包扎这个包裹吗？
The two teams_______________________________________________不分胜负。
n. ①领带、领结 ②平局
I_________________________________________________________为我父亲买了一条领带
The game____________________________________________________ 以平局结束
3．well-known著名的;众所周知的与famous同义 be well-known as作为……而著名
be well-known for因……而众所周知的 be well-known to 为……所知的
She is_________________________________rather than a poet作为作家不是诗人而出名
New York is_______________________________its skyscrapers纽约以其摩天大楼而驰名
It is___________________________________ all that they do an important job.众所周知他们做着很重要的工作
4.prefer vt. (preferred-preferred-preferring)表示在两者中“宁要”、“更喜欢”后面可接名词、代词、动名词、不定式及带不定式的复合结构、从句等。
Do you prefer tea or coffee?
She prefers to be alone.
1).prefer……to……（宁…不愿）表示在两个人或事物中更喜欢哪一个。to是介词，其前为选择的内容，其后的名词、动词形式要对等。
I prefer__________________________ tv to doing the housework.
He said he____________________________________________________与城市比更喜欢农村
2) prefer to do rather than do 宁愿……而不愿
They___________________________________________________________________宁死不屈
I prefer__________________________ (walk) there rather than go by bus.
3).prefer跟从句时，要用（should）+动词原形的结构
She preferred that he (should) act the old man.
5．would rather和than连用时表示“宁愿……而不……”than前后连接的词必须在词性和结构上保持一致。
I would rather__________________________________________我宁愿走路也不坐公共汽车
She _____________________________________________________她宁死也不愿失去孩子们
would rather本身没有否定形式，因此否定词应放在动词前
I_______________________________________________________ 我宁愿不把这件事告诉你
6．take part in参加、加入
All of us_____________________________________the sports meeting
That old man_____________________________________ the long march
take part in/join in/join
take part in表示参加某种活动（并起部分作用），如体育、讨论、战斗等，通常是临时性规模大小均可。join in只用于指参加小规模的活动，其后接名词外，还可接动名词，而且有join sb in的结构 join为及物动词，加入某组织或人群中成为其成员之一。
He____________________the revolutionary movement in 1925.1925年他参加了革命运动
He will____________________________________ singing the song他将和我们一起唱歌
Will you___________________________________________________和我们一起散步好吗？
My brother_________________ the army when he was 18.我哥哥18岁参军
He___________________________________________________________他加入了学生俱乐部
7. every adj.每隔 every+基数词+时间或距离单位词（复数）表示“每隔多少时间/距离” every two days每两天 every three hours每三个小时 every five miles每五里。
类似的表达方法还有：every second day；every third day every fifth mile（every+序数词，序数词后的名词要用单数）
每隔一天的表达形式有：every second day, every two days, every other day
We do our listening practice_______________________________________每三天做一次
There is a bus stop_______________________________________每隔一里就有一个汽车站
8．around作介词，相当于”about, or so”意为“大约”。around和about用于被修饰词前，or so短语一般位于被修饰词后。
It is________________________________________it happened.事情大约发生在50年之前
We stayed for an hour______________________ 我们停留了一小时左右
9．the same as 与……一样，也可说成是the same…as, as是关系代词，引导定语从句。
This is______________________________I lost yesterday.这只笔和我昨天丢的一模一样
My house is___________________________________________和他的一样
the same that表示“同一的”
I want to use___________________________________ I used yesterday.同样的工具
10.compete竞赛 compete against/with sb与某人竞争 compete for 为……竞争compete in在某方面竞争
Every four years athletes from all over the world _______________medals in the Olympic Games.
He is going to________________________his old rival_________ the second round.
competition. n.比赛、竞赛 competitor竞赛者 competitive adj.竞赛的
11．allow允许、许可allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事
My boss doesn’t____________________________________________________允许我用电话
Passengers_________________________________________________________乘客不得吸烟
12．do/try one’s best to do sth竭尽全力做某事
The soldiers_____________________________________________________尽力从火中救人
The captain__________________________________________________竭尽全力使船不下沉
13．rank.v.①属某等级、居某地位、排名②将某人/物置入行列中，将某人/物分等级
China ______________________________of all the competing countries in Sydney Olympic Games名列第三
A major ranks above a captain.少校比上尉军衔高
I ________________________________________the country’s best writers.把她排在全国最优秀作家之列。
n.等级(class). a painter of the first/top rank第一流的作家
people of all ranks and classes各阶级各阶层人民
14. To make it the best ever games, the capital city will make several big changes.
to make it……不定式做目的状语
______________________________________________,one must practice speaking it every day.为了学好一门外语
I walked round____________________________________________________以确保一切正常
15．prepare准备 prepare for……为某事而准备 prepare sb for……使某人为某事而准备 prepare sth for sb为某人准备某事 prepare to do sth准备做某事
Mother_____________________________________the whole family正在为全家人准备晚餐
It’s time_______________________________________________________是为运动员们准备服装的时候了
preparation.n. 准备 make a preparation for sth/to do sth为了……做准备
You can’t pass an exam_________________________________________不准备就考不及格
The country______________________________________________________该国正进行备战
in preparation for sth为……准备
A lot of things must be done_________________________________the 2008 Olympic Games
16. effect .n.效应、结果、后果
have an effect/effects on sb/sth对某人/物有影响
Being the host of the Olympic Games will__________________________________________ on the host city产生好的和坏的影响
The film had__________________________________________________这影片对他影响很大
__________________________________________________________(这药物的副作用之一) is the easiness of habit-forming.
v.使（某事物）产生、引起、使实施
effect a change产生变化
I will_____________________ my purpose; no one shall stop me.
take effect开始实行；开始生效
The medicine quickly_______________________________________
17．farther距离更远的 further更多些，进一步（用于抽象意义）
Three miles is______________________ than two.
He went abroad for _____________________study
No______________________ sound could be heard.
Let’s have a _____________________discussion.
Let’s _________________develop our friendship.
18.following the history-making success in the 2000 Sydney Olympics,……这是现在分词短语作状语表示时间。（继在2000年悉尼奥运会上取得有史以来最佳成绩之后）
__________________________________深深地吸了一口气之后they dived into the water.
___________________________________从公园穿过的时候we saw a lovely show of roses.
___________________________________________到老师走进教室the students stood up.
19.ever可放于adj最高级之后,从时间方面加强形容词最高级的含义，意为“迄今最……”
We had a lovely holiday this summer, one of the best ever.
Last year they reaped____________________________________________迄今最好的收成
常用于一般疑问句、否定句及表条件和比较的从句，含有“在任何时候”之意
He is seldom, if ever, late for school.他几乎上学从不迟到
20．more than不仅仅，远不止 no more than仅仅，只是 not more than至多，不超过
Mr.Li is___________________________ a professor; he is also a famous scientist.
As I had__________________________ five dollars with me, I couldn’t afford the new jacket then.
He had to work at the age of_________________________________ twelve.
There were________________________ ten chairs in the room. However the number of the children is twelve.
If you tell your father what you’ve done, he will be_________________a little angry.
21.by 1）（表示方法、手段）靠着或借着；通过……的方式被（用于被动态）。 2）至于…的程度（表示数量、增减的程度、尺度、距离） 3）在旁边、靠近 4）乘车船；以…交通工具；取道；经由；通过 5）根据、按照 6）（指时间）不迟于……；到……的时候
He found his way______________________________________________他借着月光找到了路
What do you mean__________________________？你这样说是什么意思？
He is older______________________________ than I他比我大三岁
The cinema is____________________________在湖边
Judging________________________________, the food must be good.从气味判断
by accident偶然/by mistake错误地/by force用武力/by chance偶然地/by any chances万一/by hand用手工/by experience靠经验/by effort努力
22．encourage鼓励或支持
encourage sb to do sth鼓励某人做某事 encourage sb/sth in sth在某方面鼓励某人/助长某事
Our English teacher often______________________________________________________鼓励我们在课上说英语
Her parents____________________________________________________在学习方面鼓励她
encouragement n.鼓励、鼓舞 encouraging adj.令人鼓舞的 encouraging news令人鼓舞的消息
词组
代表_______________________________ 相比……更喜欢_____________________________
每四年_____________________________ 参加_______________________________________
和……相同__________________________在现代_____________________________________
尽力做某事__________________________在田径比赛中_______________________________
为……而准备________________________对……有影响_______________________________
指导原则___________________________ 成千上万的_________________________________
鼓励某人做某事________________________在……花钱（时间）_______________________
用手工_____________________________ 不仅仅_____________________________________
实现某人的梦想_______________________ 与某人竞赛_______________________________
作为……闻名 _______________________ 宁愿……而不做____________________________
在古代_____________________________ 进行锻炼___________________________________
高一unit 8精选15 题
1. Rather than _____ on a crowded bus, he always prefers _____ a bicycle.
A. ride, ride B. riding, ride C. ride, to tide D. to ride, riding
2. In this forest there are more or less 15 kinds of snakes, _____ 5 are extremely dangerous.
A. which B. where C. of which D. in which
3. These plants are watered _____.
A. every other day B. every another day
C. each of two days D. every of two days
4. When will you _____ the entrance examinations, next June or next July?
A. join B. join in C. take D. take part in
5. Computers are widely used _____.
A. at this time B. in modern times C. some time D. sometime
6. Two _____ those stamps are mine.
A. scores B. score C. scores of D. score of
7. The film Gone With the Wind is _____ seeing again and again.
A. worthy B. well worth C. very worth D. worth of
8. _____ to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills.
A. Brave enough students B. Enough brave students
C. Students brave enough D. Students enough brave
9. The new law will come into _____ on the day it is passed.
A. effect B. use C. service D. existence
10. European football is played in 80 countries, _____ it the most popular sport in the world.
A. making B. makes C. made D. to make
11.We can’t _____ other countries in trade if we don’t develop our national economy.
A. compete for B. compete against C. catch up D. catch with
12. He had never spent a _____ day.
A. more worry B. most worrying C. more worrying D. more worried
13. Every afternoon, students _____ sports on the play ground.
A. keep B. have C. take D. make
14. Unfortunately, he got hurt in the boating _____.
A. match B. contest C. running D. race
15. Lu Xun gave up medicine and _____ in the end.
A. became writer B. turned writer C. got a writer D. turned a writer
答案：
1. C 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. A
11. B 12. C 13. B 14. D 15. B