Teaching objectives and demands:
1. Words and expressions:
expedition; seaman; store; fall ill; fever; live; at sea; sickness; liter; merchant; exist; major; plain; chart; biscuit; landowner; take an interest in; skilled; defend; warship; take…by surprise; battle; defeat; seize; planet; Venus; in charge of; seamanship; onion; bake; set out; set sail; in search of; strait; bay; botany; astonish; bear; mainland; disaster; crew; raise; thinking; pass by; celebrate; coastline; be worth dong; sink; nowhere; passage
2.The daily expressions in communication (insistence and opinion):
I insist that…
I shall insist on….
I’ve decided…
We will take…..
3. Grammar: Revise -ing form used as subject and object.
4. Language use: the students are got involved in listening, speaking, reading and writing practice to improve their language use abilities.
5. Cultural and historical knowledge: the students are supposed to learn something about Captain Cook and something about Great Britain in the 18th century.
Teaching time: 5 periods
Lesson 5
Teaching procedures:
Step 1. Revision
1. Check the homework exercises.
2. Find out how much the Ss know about Captain Cook. Ask questions like these: What nationality was he? (English)
Where did he travel? (round the world)
As his title was “Captain”, what was his job? (Sailor/ ship’s captain?
Which century did he live in? (18th century, 1728-1779)
Step 2. Presentation
SB Page 7, Part 1. Ask questions about the picture, and get the Ss say what they thing is happening.
Who is the man? (Captain Cook)
Where are he and his sailors? (at the sea port)
What are they doing? (He is ordering his men to carry some food onto the ship)
What are they going to take with them for this long journey?
What do you need to take with you when you go on a very long sea journey?
Now read the dialog silently and find out the answer.
(Food, live animals, cabbage in vinegar, vinegar)
Step 3. Listening
Play the tape for the students follow the dialogue. Tell the students to answer the questions in Wb Ex 1, page 77. After that, some students are asked to answer the questions.
Step 4. Reading and explanations
Now get the students to read the dialogue in pairs and underline the difficulties and the key points that they think.
1 I insist on doing….
e.g. I insist on taking proper food for the expedition.
The young man insisted that he hadn’t done wrong and he should be set free.
I shall insist that they (should) do from now on.
Similarly we have demand; require; command; order; request etc.
2 I suggest taking a lot of vinegar.
Tom suggested a plan for the work.
Jenny suggested doing it in another way.
The doctor suggested that I should come again next week.
c.f. His accent suggests that he comes from Sichuan.
3. The men often fall ill and suffer fever.
1) fall ill生病，得病
He is absent, for he has fallen ill.
William caught a cold and fell.
2) suffer 遭受，蒙受。在本句中作及物动词，所接宾语指痛苦、疾病、寒冷、饥饿、损失等。
He suffered a serious disease as a result of overwork.
Ms Kings legs were badly hurt and she suffered great pain.
These plants cannot suffer a cold winter.
Suffer也可作不及物动词，后跟介词from的短语，“因……而受苦”
He is suffering from toothache.
They suffered greatly from overwork.
Step 5. Practice
SB P7, Part 2. Tell the students this part is compiled to practice the expressions of expressing your insistence. Get the students to make sentences using the phrases given in the box. Pick up students to yell out their sentences.
Step 6. Workbook
Workbook Lesson 5, Exx.2 and 3.
Homework
(1) Finish off the exercises of Lesson 5 in the workbook.
(2) Look up “Captain Cook” in an encyclopedia or in the web
Lesson 6 Captain Cook (1)
Step 1. Revision
(1) Check the homework exercises.
(2) Revise the key points of Lesson 5.
Step 2. Presentation
SB Page 8, Part 2. Get the Ss to talk about the picture and describe what they can see.
1) In which war did Cook play an important part? (Seven years War, and the Battle of Quebec in Canada)
2) Why did Cook go on his journey to the Pacific? (To see Venus passing between the earth and the sun, and to look for a new continent in the Indian / Pacific Ocean)
Step 3. Scanning
Answer the following questions:
① Where did Cook learn his seamanship? (On the Endeavor, an old merchant ship)
② What was the main purpose of Captain Cook leading the expedition?
(Watching the very unusual event, that the planet Venus passing between the earth and the sun)
Step 4. Reading
Tell the students to read the text more carefully to find out the specific information. Answer the questions in Exercise 1 on P78 in the workbook.
Notes:
1) The Seven Years War: The war lasted from 1756 to 1763 and was a worldwide conflict fought in Europe, North America and India between France, Austria, Russia, Saxony（萨克森）, Sweden and (after 1762) Spain, on one side and Great Britain, Prussia and Hanover（汉诺威，德国城市） on the other. Two main issues were involved: French and English colonial rivalries in North America and India, and the struggle for supremacy（霸权） in Europe of Maria Theresa of Austria and Frederick II of Prussia. The war confirmed Prussia’s new rank as a leading European power and made Britain the world’s chief colonial power. France lost most of its overseas possessions.
2) the city of Quebec: The city was founded in 1608, and is today the capital of Quebec Province. In 1983 it had a population of about 163,800. The population is largely French Canadian nationalism.
3) St Lawrence River: The river, 1197 kilometers long, flows from Lake Ontario to the Gulf of St Lawrence. It is closed by ice from mid-December to mid-April, but at other times of the year links the Great Lakes with the sea.
Step 5. Reference
SB P9, Part 3. Get the students to point out what the words referred to.
Step 6. Discussion
SB P9, Part 4. Divide the students into groups of four and tell them to write down the things that Cook took with him and the reasons.
Notes:
Flour-for baking bread;
Food stores: onions, salted meat, cheese, plain biscuits, beer
Cabbage in vinegar-to keep the men healthy;
Live animals (pigs, sheep and chickens) – for eggs and fresh meat;
Vinegar-for cleaning the ship
Step 7. Language points
1. The local landowner took an interest in the young boy and paid for his schooling.
(= The local landowner liked the young boy and paid for his education.) 当地的地主喜欢这个小男孩，并且供给他上学。
短语动词 take an interest in ( = become interested in ) 是“对......感兴趣”的意思。
When he was a young boy, he took an interest in mathematics. 对数学感兴趣。
You will learn English fast if you take an interest in it. 如果你对英语产生兴趣，
He takes a great interest in football stars.他非常喜爱足球明星。
用interest 的适当形式完成下列各句：
I found something _________ in today's paper. (interesting)
The boy was ________ in drawing pictures. (interested)
When he was a boy, Tom took an ________ in physics. (interest)
This newly-translated storybook _______ lots of children. (interests)
2. He led the ships down the river to a place where the British army could land safely and take the enemy by surprise.他率领船队顺流而下，到达英军可以安全登陆、并能对敌人发起突击的地方。
take ... by surprise 作“对......突然袭击”、“出乎......意料”解。例如：
The Japanese planes took the island by surprise on a Sunday morning.
日本飞机在一个星期天的早晨对该岛进行了突然袭击。
We took the enemy positions by surprise at midnight.对敌军阵地进行了突然袭击。
He took her quite by surprise when he suddenly appeared at the door.
他突然出现在门口，这使她感到出乎意料。
3. The Endeavor was not a warship but an old merchant ship, just like the one on which Cook had learnt his seamanship. “奋力”号不是一艘战舰，而是一艘旧商船，就像库克过去学航海技术时乘过的那艘船一样。
此句中的 warship (战船) 是 war 和 ship 组成的合成词，其中的 ship 是（船）；而seamanship (航海技术)中的 ship 则是一个名词后缀，表示性质、职业、身份、技能等。例如： Citizen (公民) citizenship (公民身份)
4. In July 1768 the Endeavor set out for the Pacific. “奋力”号启航开赴太平洋。
set out 与 set off 同义，都作“出发”、“动身”解，后跟介词 for 短语，表示“动身去某地”(= start for some place)。例如：
They set out / off to look for the lost milu deer. 他们动身去寻找那头走失的麋鹿。
We set out early in the morning, hoping to arrive before dark.我们大清早就出发了，
That morning a new ship set out / off for London on its first trip.首航去伦敦。
注意：set的主要词组有：
set off, set out (to begin a journey )出发，后接on the journey, trip,或for a place, /sth.
set out (to intend to do )后接to do意为"着手"，"打算"
set up (raise, build) 竖立，建立，创立
set up home (to start one's own home ) 建立家园
set…free 释放，set fire on /to（在）……放火
set sail起航
set off (to cause explode) 引起爆炸
Step 8. Workbook
Get the students to do the wb exercises individually and then check the answers with the class. Answers: See Wb P78.
Homework
(1) Finish off the exercises of Lesson 6 in the workbook.
(2) Revise the key points of this lesson.
Lesson 7 Captain Cook (2)
Step 1. Revision
(1) Check the homework exercises.
(2) Ask a few quick questions round the class about the previous test:
Is Quebec in the USA or In Canada?
Was the Seven Years War between Britain and the USA or between Britain and France?
Which planet was going to pass between the earth and the sun?
Why did Captain Cook take lots of cabbage in vinegar on his expedition?
Why did he tale lots of vinegar as well?
Step 2. Presentation
1. Get the Ss to say why they can see on the map.
2. Tell the students to read the passage quickly to find the answer to these questions:
Which islands are mentioned in the text? (Tahiti, New Zealand, Austria, Tasmania, java, England)
Did Cook sail round the world from east to west, or from west to east? (From east to west)
Step 3. Scanning
Tell the students to read the text carefully and answer the questions on Wb P79. Do orally with the class.
Step 4. Language points
1 In July they set sail again and headed south and west in search of a new land.
(= In July they set off again, sailing south and west looking for a new land.)
七月，他们再度启航，向南然后向西行驶，以寻找新的陆地。
① set sail 这个词组字面上的意思是“扬起船上的帆”，实际意思是“扬帆启航”。例如：The ship set sail for Africa. 船启航去非洲。
Early in the morning, they set sail southward. 一清早，他们启航向南行驶。
set v.放，置，摆，调节，指（日月）落了…… 它是个多义词，构成的词组也较多，词
组也一词多义；要注意学习与区别。
It will be cooler when the sun has set (is set).太阳落山时就会凉快些。
He set the ladder against the wall.他把梯子靠墙放。
Please set (lay) the table for dinner.请把桌子摆好，准备吃饭。
The newspaper article set me thinking.这份报子引起我的思考。
I set my watch by the time signal on the radio.我根据电台的信号，对手表。
The teacher set very difficult questions for the exam.那个教师给考试出了些很难的题。
② head vi. 向...... 前进，朝某方向行进。后面接 for / toward 的介词短语，或表示方向的副词如 east, eastward 等。例如：
The ship is heading for Tianjin. 船正驶往天津。
They were then heading north. 他们当时正在向北方行进。
A warship is heading south toward Haiti. 一艘战舰正向南驶往海地。
③ in search of 搜寻。常表示“着意寻求”，“努力寻找”这一层意思。例如：
Madame Curie worked day and night in search of the unknown matter. 居里夫人日夜工作，寻求这个未知的物质。
He went to many places in search of a doctor who could cure his disease.他跑了很多地方，力求找到一个能为他治好病的医生。
2 Other sailors had already charted parts of the west and north coasts of Australia and the island of Tasmania in the south, but Cook was the first to map the east coast. 别的水手以前就绘制了澳大利亚西海岸和北海岸的部分海图，并且把南边的塔斯马尼亚岛也绘制出来了，而库克则是第一个绘制东海岸地图的人。
chart 原为名词（海图）， map 原为名词（地图），但在本句中都已转化为动词，作“绘制海图/地图”解。英语中，同一个词可以转变词性，而词义没有多大改变。这在构词法中叫做词的转化。名词转化成动词比较常见。下面是一些例词：
back n.背 v.支持 battle n.战斗 v.进行战斗
boat n.小船 v.划船 cost n.费用 v.花费
date n.日期 v.约会 drop n.（水）滴 v.落下
end n.末尾 v.终止 face n.面孔 v.面对
map v. to make a map of; show on a map绘制……的地图，勘测
The explorer mapped the island they had discovered.
探险家把他们发现的岛屿地图绘制出来。
Cook was the first to map the east coast of Australia.
库克是第一个把澳大利亚东岸地图绘制出来的人。
3 They found Australia to be an astonishing land where the soil was red, bears climbed trees, birds ran but didn't fly and large animals jumped about on two legs carrying their young in a stomach pocket.
他们发现澳大利亚是一个令人惊奇的地方，那儿的土壤是红色的，熊会爬树，鸟能跑而不能飞，有的大动物两条腿跳来跳去，肚子上有一个口袋，装着幼仔。
① 动词 find 后跟不定式 to be 的复合结构 (find sth./sb. to be sth. / sb.) 意思是“发现某事/ 某人是什么样的事/人”。有时不定式to be 可以省略。例如：
Alice found the place to be a new and strange place. 发现那是一个新奇的地方。
The children found the story to be a very interesting one.发现这个故事非常有趣。
We found him to be the right man to do the job.发现他是干这个工作的最恰当的人。
I found her (to be) careless about her dress. 我发现她并不讲究衣着。
② astonishing 令人惊奇的。这是动词 astonish （使惊奇）的-ing 形式，相当于一个形容词。下面是几个类似的例词：
excite (使激动) --exciting (news) 令人激动的（消息）；
move (使感动) -- moving (stories) 令人感动的（故事）；
interest (使有兴趣) -- interesting (things) 有趣的（事情）；
disappoint (使失望) -- a disappointing (trip) 令人失望的（旅行）；
surprise (使惊奇) -- a surprising (success ) 出人意外的（成功）。
③ ... birds ran but didn't fly ... 中的 birds 是指鸸鹋(emu ['i:mju:])，形状像驼鸟。
4 Next they sailed up the east coast between the mainland and the Great Barrier Reef. 此后，他们沿东海岸而上，航行在大陆和大堡礁之间。
澳大利亚东北部沿海地区，有一列南北延伸长达2,000公里以上，东西宽2-150公里的大堡礁（珊瑚礁），是地球上最大的暗礁。船舶经此，只能沿着几条弯曲而危险的通道航行。
5. 2 Language study
Sentence 1: remember doing / to do sth
I remember telling her all about it. (= I remember that I told her all about it)
I remember to tell her all about it. (=I will not forget to tell her all about it)
Sentence 3. stop doing / to do sth
He ran for while, and then stopped running.
He ran for a while, and then stopped to looked around.
Sentence 4: try doing / to do sth
Try putting in some more vinegar. That might make it taste a bit better.
Would you try to work out this maths problem?
6. 4 Practice
Sentence 1. raise / rise
raise 是个多义词。主要有： to lift up举起，抬起，增加，提高/to produce, or cause to grow饲养，抚养，种植 / to get or bring together筹集
She raised her finger to her lips as a sign for silence.她竖起手指，举到唇边，示意要安静。
The wind raised the fallen leaves from the ground.风把落叶从地上卷了起来。
The manager said he would raise your pay.经理说他要给你长工资。
He raised the children by himself；his wife died years ago.
是他一手把孩子们抚养成人的。他妻子几年前就去世了。
His wife raised the money by selling her jewelry.他妻子卖了首饰才把钱筹够了。
rise是不及物动词。作起身讲时是get up和stand up的正式用语。
I used to like seeing the sun rise.
The old man rose from his seat.
The book has risen in value.
注意：raise作名词时，意为：增加，加薪（用于美国英语，相当于英国英语的rise）
lift作名词时，意为：升，电梯，搭便车
rise作名词时，是上升，升起，还可指"数量，价值，程度"的增加，上涨。
They demanded a raise from the company.
We got a lift part of the way in a truck.
You had better take the lift to the tenth floor.
Step 5. Practice---- grammar revision
SB P11, Part 2~5,
Step 8. Workbook
Workbook Lesson 7, Ex. 2~3.
Homework
(1) Finish off the exercises of Lesson 7 in the workbook.
(2) Revise the grammar of ing form.
(3) What can we learn from Captain Cook/this lesson?
Lesson 8
Step 1. Revision
(1) Check the homework exercises.
(2) Revise the previous two lessons.
Step 2. Listening
(1) Pre-listening: Tell the students turn to Page 134 and read the instructions to get a gist of the listening passage.
(2) While-listening:
① Play the tape for the students to answer the questions.
② Check the answers with the students.
(3) Post listening activity: get the students to talk about the listening passage.
Step 3. Checkpoints
Go through Checkpoint 2 with the students. Get the students to make up sentences using the useful expressions if time permits.
Step 4. Practice
SB P12, Part 2. Read the instructions and get students to fill in the blanks with the words of proper tenses.
Step 5. Writing
SB P12, Part 3. Read the instructions and tell the students to develop a paragraph by using given phrases below and use the ing form that we have just learned.
Step 6. Workbook
Workbook Lesson 8. Ex. 1~3.
Homework
(1) Finish off the wb exercises of Lesson 8.
(2) Revise the key points of this unit.
(3) Writing: use the information in Step 5 in Lesson 7 and write a passage about Captain Cook.
典型例题分析
例1 单项选择：
I have written him a letter and suggested ______ it to Tagore.
A．him to sending
B．him to send
C．that he sending
D．that he send
分析 此题中正确答案是D(that be send),suggest意为建议，提出建议，后接that从句，从句谓语用should +动词原形或单用动同原形。选项C是错误搭配。suggest后可接动名词作宾语，用his sending。选项A和B都是错误搭配。如：
①I suggest that he(should) go for a drive. 我建议他去驱车旅行。
②We suggest your leaving early for the station. 我们建议你早动身去车站。
例2 单项选择：
Try ______ in some more vinegar----that might make it ______ a bit better.
A．to put…taste
B．putting…to taste
C．putting…taste
D．to put…to taste
分析 此题中正确答案是C(putting…taste), try后接动词-ing形式作宾语意为试做，试一试，看发生什么情况，因此用putting, make +n./pron. +不带to的不定式，因此用taste。选项A和B分别有半个答案错误，选项D的答案不合搭配关系。如：
①We tried doing it in a different way.我们试着用另一种方式做。
②Try knocking at the back door if nobody hears you at the front door.
如果前门没有人回话，试着敲后门。
③What makes her tremble so? 为什么她如此颤抖？
④People who won't work should be made to work. 应迫使不愿工作的人工作。（被动语态中后要用带to的动词不定式）
例3 单句改错：
The wind rose the fallen leaves from the ground.
分析 此题中rose是错误答案，应改为raised。rise(vi.)意为升起提高，上升，后面不能接宾语。
raise(vt.)意为使……升起，把……举起，后接宾语。如：
①So he raised his glass and cried:“Your health, Carl.”
他于是举起酒杯，喊道，“祝你健康，卡尔！”
②She raised her finger to her lips as a sign for silence.
她把手指举向嘴唇，作出请安静的暗示。
例4 单句改错：
New York is a city worth of visiting.
分析 此题中应去掉介词of。（be)worth doing sth.意为值得做某件事，在句中可作表语或定语。短语be worthy of + n. 意为值得，配得上。如：
①His suggestion is well worth considering, isn't it? 他的建议很值得考虑，是吧？（表示很值得做某事用be well worth doing sth.,不能用be very/be very much worth doing sth.）
②His behaviour is worthy of great praise.他的行为值得称赞。
例5 单句改错：
I am astonishing to hear a man of your age and good sense talking in that romantic way.
分析 此题中astonishing应改为astonished，现在分词意为令人惊奇的，过去分词表示处于惊奇状态，后接动词不定式、介词短语或that从句。类似动词还有disappoint, excite, move, interest等。如：
①I'm astonished that he didn't come. 我对他没有来很惊奇。
②Are you very disappointed about/at losing the race?
你对比赛失败很失望吗？
③They were surprised to hear the news. 他们听到消息很惊奇。
高考真题选讲
题1 ----The light in the office is still on.
----Oh, I forgot ______ .（91年高考题）
A．turning it off
B．turn it off
C．to turn it off
D．having turned it off
分析forget doing sth. 意为“忘了曾经做过某事”，forget to do sth.意为“忘记去做某事”。因此C为最佳答案。
题2 单项选择：
She insisted ______ silence.
A．that Helen keeps
B．on Helen keeping
C．upon Helen to keep
D． if Helen keep
分析此题中正确答案是 B(on Helen keeping), insist意为坚持，坚决主张，后接on/upon +动词-ing形式，动词-ing的逻辑主语用名词普通格人称代词宾格或物主代词。insist后接that从句，从句谓语用虚拟语气，故选项A不合题义。选项D虽用虚拟语气，但if从句不合题义，选项C也不符合搭配关系。如：
①We must insist on state help being given to the actual producers.我们应坚决主张给实际生产者以政府帮助。
②I ought to have insisted on your taking a thorough rest.
我本应坚持要你彻底休息。
③We insisted that he be present.我们力主他出席。