作者：邱世才
动词是英语中最重要的词类之一。"动词填空"是中考题中的一种传统题型,考查侧重于动词同义词的区分和短语动词的区别;非谓语动词的考查;时态或语态的考查。下面就做单句时态或语态的动词填空的解法作一点拨。
做单句时态和语态的动词填空,应把握以下几点:
A)根据时间状语确定时态。句中的时间状语是确定时态的重要标志。
B)根据上下文已有的时态信息点确定时态。
C)利用上下文语意确定时态。有些句子既没有时间状语,又没有时态信息点可参照,这时需要根据语意确定时态。
D)根据动词时态中的"特殊"的原则。如宾语从句表示的是一个客观事实或客观真理时,其时态不受主句限制而用一般现在时表示。
【题型展示1 】
1. -What did the teacher say just now?
-He said that light ______ faster than sound.
A. traveled B. traveling C. to travel D. travels (Key: D)
2. His uncle ______ in three days.
A. returns B. has returned C. returned D. will return (Key: D)
3. -What ______ you ______ tomorrow?
-I have no idea.
A. is; going B. is; going to do C. are; going D. are; going to do (Key: D)
所给动词在句子中不作谓语时,就要考虑用动词的非谓语动词(不定式、动名词、现在/过去分词)形式。这是平时最容易出现错误的地方。应记住:在be busy, be worth, can't help, enjoy, finish, feel like, mind, stop... from, be used for等词或短语后要用V-ing形式。在感官动词see, watch, notice, look at, hear,feel, listen to,使役动词make, let, have等后作宾语补足语时,不带to。在had better, would rather等结构后,及助动词shall, will, would及其它情态动词之后,不带to。在would like, hope, wish, decide后接不定式作宾语要带to。
【题型展示2】
1. They are busy ______ ready for the exams.
A. get B. getting C. to get D. got(Key: B)
2. They often ask us ______ football with them.
A. to play B. playing C. played D. play (Key: A)
3. -Mike! What are you doing there?
-Listen, Mum. I hear somebody ______ upstairs.
A. going B. goes C. go D. to go (Key: A)