本章教学目标
(1)提高交际能力，掌握表示“宁愿/不愿(某人)做某事”的交际用语；
(2)通过对课文的理解，提高阅读理解能力，了解有关音乐和诗歌的一般知识；
(3)通过词语、句型、语法的学习，提高语言运用能力，学会-ing形式作表语、定语、宾语补足语的用法。
重点难点突破
【对话】
1．At the end some songs that everyone's familiar with are sung, they can join in.晚会结束时演奏几首大家都熟悉的歌曲，这样他们可以加入进来。
familiar adj.“熟悉的”。sb.be familiar with sth./sb.,sb./sth.be familiar to sb.意思都是“某人对某事或某人熟悉”，但注意主语和介词的不同。例如：
I'm not very familiar with electrical engineering.我对电气工程不太熟悉。
These are the facts that are familiar to every schoolboy.这些是每个学童所熟知的事实。
2．Maybe some folk songs to start with?是不是先来几首民歌？
(1)start with(=begin with)以……开始
His illness started with a high fever.他的病开始时发烧。
We had only six teachers to start with.开始时我们只有六位老师。
The ocean began with little drops of water.大洋是点滴水会集而成的。
(2)to start with(=to begin with)作“首先，第一”解。
To start with, the day was fine ,but then it began to rain.开始时天气很好，后来开始下雨了。
3．Otherwise we won't be able to hear ourselves talk.
(1)otherwise为连词，意为“否则”、“不然”，相当于or或or else。
Do what you have been told; otherwise/or else you will be punished.照吩咐的去做，否则你会受惩罚的。
(2)otherwise还可以作副词，意为“在其他方面”，“在不同的情况之下”。
The rent is high, but otherwise the house is satisfactory.租金是贵的，但在另一方面。这屋子还是令人满意的。
The boy is naughty, but otherwise he is always doing well as he is told.这孩子很顽皮，但在其它方面，他总是按照吩咐把事情做好。
(3)otherwise也可用作“不同的”、“不那样”、“用其他的方法”。
It is clear that you think other wise很清楚，你有不同的想法。
4．perform v.用于perform a play, a dance or a piece of music“表演，演出”
He performed for them a dance of his native.他为他们表演了家乡舞。
The monkeys performed wonderfully at the circus.猴子们在马戏团里表演的非常精彩。
The children like to watch a magician perform tricks.孩子们喜欢看魔术师表演魔术。
(1)perform除了表示“演出”之外，还可做“施行，执行，完成”解释。
One should always perform what one promises.一个人应该始终履行自己的诺言。
The doctor performed the operation with success/successfully.医生成功地实施了这台手术。
He not only promised ,but also performed.他不仅许诺，而且兑现。
(2)perform有时可指机器等的运行情况。
The machine can perform three operations at a time.这部机器可同时进行三种作业。
The jeep performed well on hills.这种吉普车在山路上跑得很好。
【课文】
1．-Are you going to Mary's wedding party on Saturday?周六你参加玛丽的结婚庆典吗？
-No, l didn't know she was getting married.不，我并不知道她要结婚了。
注意这个对话中的时态的变化，问话者用的是将来时，而回答者却用了一般过去时，因为回答者省略了他们彼此都明白的一个时间状语“在你告诉我之前，”我并不知道此事，但现在我显然已经知道了，因而回答者用了一般过去时。这是语言的灵活运用能力，平时同学们要注意这类题，这也是近年来常考的一种题型。注意观察下列典型句子：
--Do you mean John?你指的是约翰？
--Yes, he wrote a note to me yesterday.是的，他昨天给我留了个便条。
--Come on, Peter. I want to show you something.过来彼得，我想给你看样东西。
--Oh, how nice of you! I never thought you were going to bring me a gift噢，你对我真好！我从未想过你会给我买礼物。
2．l think at the beginning we'd rather have some fairly quite and peaceful music.我想开始的时候还是来点稍微柔和、平静的音乐为好。
(1)would rather do sth.=would prefer to do sth.意为“宁愿干某事”。类似的短语还有：prefer to do sth.rather than do sth/prefer doing sth.to doing sth./prefer doing sth. rather than doing sht.
would rather do sth.than do sth.意为“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”。
He'd rather stay at home reading than join us in the walk.他宁愿在家看书而不愿和我们一起去散步。(=He'd prefer to stay at home rather than join us in the walk.)
(2)would rather还可以跟从句，从句中常用过去时或过去完成时。
I'd rather you phoned to me now than tomorrow.我宁愿你今天给我打电话而不是明天。
I'd rather you had not told him about the matter.但愿你没把那事告诉他。
3．Many people earn their living by writing music.许多人靠写歌谋生。
(1)earn one's living自行谋生，还可以说earn或gain ,make one's livelihood, earn daily bread。
(2)earn为动词，意为“赚”、“挣得”、“博得”，除了挣钱外，还表示“赢得荣誉、地位、尊敬”。
The old man earned his living/made a living as a fisherman.这老人以捕鱼为生。
The writer earns/brings in￡5000 a year by writing novels.这位作家一年通过写小说挣得伍千英镑。
Mr White earned/got/ received/gained the doctor's degree.怀特先生获得了博士学位。
(3)earn后面可接的介词是by, with,或for。例如：
Tom's father earned his money with hard work.汤姆的父亲靠辛勤劳动挣钱。
4．On festivals they used to act and sing in praise of heroes who lived long ago.在节日里他们表演并歌颂以前的英雄。
(1)in praise of“为……颂扬，为……歌颂”
The teacher spoke in praise of the student who helped the old man walk across the street.老师表扬了那位帮助老人过马路的学生。
We will put on some new plays in praise of our heroes who lost their lives in fighting against the floods.我们将上演几部新剧以歌颂在抗洪中献身的人们。
(2)praise作动词时，后一般不用that从句，或praise sb,而说praise sb.for sth.一些其它短语：give praise to 表扬win high praise受到高度赞扬sing high praise for高度赞扬The Chinese people are praised for loving peace.中国人民以热爱和平而受到称赞。
He was praised up to the skies他被吹捧上了天。
5．The type of music has become very famous in Britain and is very good music to dance to.这种音乐在英国已经很有名气，是很好的舞蹈音乐。
这里to是介词，意为“伴着”、“随着”、“比较”等。例如：
Strange enough, the snake began to move to the music.奇怪的是，蛇随着音乐节拍动了起来。
The picture is true to nature.那幅画很逼真。
He is quite rich now to what he used to be.比起他过去的情形来，他现在富多了。
It is nothing to what it might be.比起它可能的发展，这算不了什么。
We won by six goals to three.我们以六比三获胜。
6．With colors than never fade. 永不掉色。
(1)fade vi“退色，凋谢，使衰弱”。例如：
Flowers soon fade when they are cut.花折下不久即会凋谢。
The strong sunlight faded the curtains.强烈的阳光使窗帘退了色。
The old man is fading away.这老人渐渐衰弱了。
(2)fade意为从视线中、听觉中或记忆中渐渐消失。
The sound of cheering and singing faded away in the distance.欢呼声，歌声渐渐消失在远处。
My anger faded.我的气逐渐消了。
7．On festivals与at festivals
这两个词组都表示“在节日，”但侧重不同，如果指的是节日当天，应用on。如：on New Year's Day元旦那天，on Christmas Day圣诞节那天，on Christmas Eve圣诞节前夕，on Spring Day在春节那天，on Children's Day在儿童节那天等等。但把节日视为一个时节，即意旨节日的整个期间，则应用at。如：at Christmas圣诞节期间，at Easter复活节期间等等。如：
How do people greet their friends at Christmas?圣诞节期间人们是怎样向朋友问候的？
The usual greeting is “A Merry Christmas”。And at New Year, we say“A Happy New Year”.一般是说：“祝你圣诞快乐。”新年我们说：“祝你新年快乐”。
We have a holiday at New Year.新年期间我们放假。
We will start our journey on New Year's Day.我们将于元旦那天开始我们的旅程。
【重点难点解析】
1. Have you decided what music you'd like us to play at the party?
你是否决定了在晚会上希望我们演奏哪种音乐?
would like(sb. ) to do sth. 希望(某人)做某事
①What would you like to do for me?
②He'd like his parents to understand him better.
2. I'd prefer them not to play too loudly.
我宁愿他们不要演奏太嘈杂的音乐。
①prefer sb. (not) to do.
宁愿某人(不)做……
I prefer you not to spend so much time on those meaningless things.
②prefer A to B 与B相比更喜欢A。
I prefer bananas to apples.
③prefer to do sth. ……rather than(to) do sth.
He preferred to die rather than(to) steal.
④prefer to do sth. …instead of doing sth.
I prefer to dance instead of singing.
⑤I prefer swimming to skating. =I like swimming better than skating.
3. The people performing all play different instruments and three of them sing too.
表演人演奏不同的乐器，其中三个人还唱歌。
You often see musicians performing in the streets to passers-by.
你可以经常看到音乐家在街上为过路的人表演。
1)动词-ing做定语：
A. 表示所修饰的名词的用途。如：
climbing boots=boots for climbing 登山靴
drinking water=water for drinking 饮用水
walking stick=stick for walking 拐杖
swimming pool=pool for swimming 游泳池
washing machine=machine for washing 洗衣机
这时的动词-ing形式叫动名词。
B. 表示所修饰名词的动作或状态和所修饰的名词之间有主谓关系，相当于定语从句。如：
sleeping baby=baby who is sleeping 睡着的婴儿
living things=things which live 生物
smiling children=children who are smiling 微笑的孩子们
flying fish=fish that can fly 飞鱼
working people=people who work 劳动人民
这时的动词-ing称为现在分词。
2)动词-ing作宾补，常跟在感官动词后，说明宾语所处的状态或所进行的动作。如：
You can hear my sister singing in the next room.
We watched the professor doing the experiment carefully.
3)一般说，作定语的-ing形式如果是单个的词，通常放在被修饰名词前面；如果是-ing短语 ，，则放在被修饰名词的后面。如：
The rising sun looks very beautiful.
The sun setting in the west looks more beautiful.
单个-ing形式作定语时，间或也可以放在被修饰词的后面。如果被修饰词为代词，则通常放在此代词的后面。如：
The people smoking are not welcome here.
Those standing were asked to sit at the back.
Who is the one crying?
核心知识
【常用单词积累】
be familiar with otherwise start with earn one's living pass down learn. . . by heart in praise of at a time pass on good music to dance to have one's roots in ring out get married
【基础知识精讲】
1. Otherwise we won't be able to hear ourselves talk.
要不然我们连自己讲话的声音都听不到了。
(1)句中的otherwise为连词，意为“否则，要不然”，同or。e. g.
①I am tired, otherwise I would go with you. 我累了，不然我会跟你一起去了。
②Run fast, otherwise you'll be late. 快跑，否则会迟到。
(2)otherwise还可作“用别的方法，不同地”解。是副词。e. g.
You obviously think otherwise. 显然你的想法不同。
(3)otherwise还可表示“在其他方面，除此以外”。为副词。e. g.
The rent is high, but otherwise the house is fine. 租金贵是贵，但房子倒很好。
习惯搭配
(1)otherwise和or(else) (or else表示强调)都可作“否则，要不然”解，有时可以通用，但or多用于祈使句。e. g.
Hurry up, or/otherwise you'll miss the train. 快点，不然你会赶不上火车的。
(2)在表示“威胁”时，多用or。e. g.
Give me your money, or I'll kill you! 把钱给我，否则我就杀了你!
2. Folk music has been passed down from one generation to another.
民间音乐是一代一代流传下来的。
(1)句中的pass down作“传下来(去)，流传”解。常用于被动语态。e. g.
①the skill that was passed down from father to son. 由父辈传给子辈的技艺
②This custom has been passed down for many centuries. 这个习俗已经流传好几百年了。
(2)from one generation to another 作“一代一代地”解，亦可用from generation to generation。e. g.
Good traditions should be passed down from generation to generation. 好的传统应该世代相传。
习惯搭配
动词pass的常见搭配还有：
pass away (die的委婉说法) 去世
pass by 经过；不注意；忽视(同pass over)
pass on 去世(同pass away); 继续下去；传给(另一人)
pass out 昏过去，失去知觉
pass over 经过……的上空；忽略，忽视(同pass by)；放过，宽恕；对……不予理会
pass up 错过(机会等)
3. On festivals they used to act and sing in praise of heroes who lived long ago.
在节日里，他们表演并歌颂生活在很久以前的英雄们。
句中的in praise of作“赞美，歌颂”解，常用作状语、定语或表语。e. g.
①All sides of the community joined together in praise of the police's prompt action. 社会各界一致赞扬警方行动的迅速果断。
②She is working on a book in praise of country life. 她正在写一本赞美乡间生活的书。
③The song was in praise of the labouring people. 那首歌是歌颂劳动人民的。
习惯搭配
in praise of是一个介词词组，其中praise为不可数名词。而表示“赞美，歌颂”还可以用sing the praises of sb. /sth. 或sing sb. 's/sth. 's praises. sing high praise for意为“高度赞扬或评价”、“极力赞美”。这些都是动词词组，常用作谓语。另外，praise可用作及物动词“赞扬，表扬”。praise for意思是“因……而称赞/表扬”；praises意思是“称赞……是……”。e. g.
①The leader spoke in praise of those who had died for their country. 领导表彰了为国捐躯的人们。
②Everyone's singing the praises of his new film, but I don't think much of it. 大家都在对他的新影片大加赞扬，可我却并不觉得怎么样。
③The doctor praised her for her courage. 医生称赞她的勇气。
④People praise him as a genius. 人们夸他是天才。
4. In this way, stories were pass on from one person to another.
故事就是通过这种方式流传下来的。
(1)句中的pass on作“传给，流传”解。e. g.
①Please read the note and pass it on. 请传阅这张便条。
②The news was passed on by word of mouth. 消息通过口头传开了。
(2)pass on还可用作die的委婉说法，相当于pass away。e. g.
The old man passed on/away peacefully the next morning.
第二天早晨老人安祥地去了。
(3)pass on亦可作“继续下去”解。e. g.
Shall we pass on to the next problem? 我们接着谈下一个问题，好吗?
5. It came from work songs sung by black people and had its roots in Africa.
它是从黑人劳动时所唱的歌曲演变而来的，它起源于非洲。
(1)句中的root是名词，意为“根源，来源”。had its roots in作“起源于，来源于”解。e. g.
①Money is often said to be the root of all evil. 人们常说金钱是万恶之源。
②His illness has its roots in unhappiness. 他的病来源于不开心。
(2)名词root原意是指“(植物)的根部”，也可指“(毛发、牙齿、指甲或舌头等的)根部”。e. g.
①The hurricane pulled many trees by the roots. 飓风把许多树木连根拔起。
②Do you think the new rosebush has taken root? 你看新栽的玫瑰长根了吗?
(3)复数roots常可用来“家族的根，祖籍”。e. g.
Many Americans have roots in Europe. 许多美国人祖籍在欧洲。
(4)语法中，root可指“(词的)原形，词根”。
(5)root还可用作动词，意为“(植物)生根成长，使(某人)站立不动(尤用于被动语态)，(思想、习惯等)深深扎根”等。e. g.
①Does this plant root easily? 这种植物容易生根吗?
②Fear rooted him to the spot. 他吓得呆若木鸡。
6. And the dear friends have to part.
亲爱的朋友只得各奔东西。
(1)句中的part为动词，作“分手，离别”解。e. g.
①They parted sadly at the station. 他们在火车站伤心地分了手。
②The war parted many men from their families. 战争使许多人与家人分离。
(2)part还可作“(使)分成部分，(使)散开”解。e. g.
①The clouds parted and the sun shone. 云层散开，阳光普照。
②She parted the curtains and looked out. 她拉开窗帘往外看。
习惯搭配
part as friends友好地分手，part from与……分手/离别和part with舍弃，放弃
①I hope we can part(as) friends. 希望我们分手了还是朋友。
②It's not easy to part with one's favourite things. 舍弃自己最喜爱的东西是不容易的。
单元知识纲要】
类 别
语 言 项 目
词 汇
familiar, nowadays, marry, perform, be familiar with, earn one's living, learn. . . by heart, passion, as well, at a time, get married.
日常交
际用语
Have you decided what music you'd like us to play at the party?
I think at the beginning we'd rather have some fairly quiet and peaceful music.
What's your favourite kind of music?
Our job is playing all kinds of music.
语 法
动词-ing形式作表语、定语以及宾补。
典型例题
【基础题】
★例1 When I was at college I _________three foreign languages, but I _______all except for a few words of each.
A．spoke ;had forgotten B．spoke ;have forgotten
C．had spoken; had forgotten D．had spoken ;have forgotten
导析：该句的句意为“我在上大学之时能说三门外语，但现在除了几个单词之外几乎全忘了“前一分句是说大学的事情，从状语中已经得知在过去，主句也用一般过去时。后一个分句说的事情表示延续到现在的状况，用现在完成时符合题意。答案：B
★例2
--Your phone number again? I _________quite catch it.
--It's 9568442.
A．didn't B．couldn't
C．don't D．can't
导析：本题解答的关键是要抓住again这个信息词，便得知是刚才没听清楚，请再重复一边。答案：A
【易错题】
★★ 例 Robert is said __________ aborad, but I don't know what country he studied in.
A．to have studied B．to study
C．to be studying D．to have been studying
导析：本题考察的是不定式作主语补足语的用法。如果用不定式的一般时，进行时或完成时的话则与后文的“studied”所表示的过去时间不一致。本文所表达的意思是罗伯特在国外学习过，学习这个动作现已完成，所以只能用不定式的完成时。答案：A
【创新题】
★★例1 The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, _________it more difficult.
A．not make B．not to make
C．not making D．do not make.,
导析：从本句的意义和结果来看，被填进去的成分应该与前面的一样充当系动词的表语。为了前后一致，既然前面用了不定式，后面也应该用不定式。答案：B
★★例2 He was walking in the street in the darkness when he heard someone _________out a_________ scream.
A．let; frightening B．let; frightened
C．to let ;frightening D．to let; frightened
导析：本题的第一个空不难判断，因为感官动词后面的补足语如为动词不定式，不定式符号to要省略，因此答案只能选A或B。但第二个空里有一个陷阱，作为一个抽象短语a frightening scream译为“一声令人恐惧的尖叫”。但此句并非强调声音令人恐惧，而是指发出尖叫声的人处于一种恐惧的状态，因而用过去分词。答案：B
【高考题】
★★例(1998年，全国)
--I stayed at a hotel while in New York.
--Oh, did you ?You ____________with Barbara.
A．could have stayed B．could stay
C．would stay D．must have stayed
导析：本题是考查情态动词的用法。由题干可知，本题属于情态动词在交际语言中的具体运用。有题干这一信息句可知本题所选的答案表示对过去事实的推测，B、C两项排除，而D项过于肯定，与题意不符。答案：A
【阅读分析点拨】
Tokyo: Three snakes, whose poison could kill a person in ten minutes, are guarding a blue star sapphire(蓝宝石) worth nearly six hundred dollars at a Japanese exhibition of jewels sent from an Indian museum.
“Normally it would be forbidden to let these poisonous snakes guard exhibition objects, but it's different this time because the jewels are being exhibited at a hotel, ” a police official said.
Exhibition officials said that a person bitten(咬) by one of these snakes would need at least 80ml of an anti-poison medicine to be saved. Medicine was being kept ready at a nearby hospital.
Star sapphires and other valuable jewels worth a total of one million dollars are on show behind glass. Hundreds of visitors came to see the special blue star sapphire and were surprised when they say the sixty centimetre long brown guards.
1. Using snakes at exhibitions of valuable objects is .
A. quite normal B. never allowed
C. often necessary D. usually forbidden
解析 这是一道细节题。文中第二自然段中“Normally it would be forbidden to let these poisonous snakes guard exhibition object, but…”. 为该题的答案提供了依据，只要考生抓住句中的normally和but两个关键词，便可得出最佳答案为D。
2. The jewels were being shown in .
A. an Indian hotel B. an Indian museum
C. a Japanese hotel D. a Japanese museum
解析 该题要求考生根据文中的两个信息来选择正确答案，即…are being exhibited at a hotel. 和文章开头的Tokyo，并知道Tokyo(东京)是日本首都这一常识性问题，才能得知该题的最佳答案为C。
3. Why were the snakes and jewels at the same exhibition?
A. They were both special things from India
B. The snakes were there to keep the jewels safe
C. The organizers wanted to do something unusual
D. People liked to visit an exhibition guarded by snakes
解析 这是一道推理判断题。最佳答案是B。该题要求考生能深刻理解文中第二自然段的内含并综合出其言外之意。该段的意思是“正常情况下展品严禁由毒蛇来保卫，但这次不同，因为珠宝首饰在宾馆里展出”。由此可见，宾馆的安全设施不如展览馆，所以由毒蛇来保卫 。故最佳答案为B。
4. Many visitors came to the exhibition because
A. the snakes were on show
B. so many jewels were being exhibited
C. exhibition officials said it was special
D. they were interested in seeing a famous jewel
解析 这是一道细节题。文章结尾的一句话是该题的答案信息，但考生必须清楚句中the special blue star sapphire是指选项中的a famous jewel，否则就会选其它答案。该题的最佳答案为D。即：“众多参观者来是因为他们对一种驰名的珠宝感兴趣，而这种珠宝便是特制的蓝宝石。”
【课本难题解答】
Lesson 81
2. 1)what music we will play at the beginning of the evening party
2)how many people will be invited to my birthday party
3)not to go to his wedding party
4)not to drink too much wine
5)not to smoke at the evening party
6)have some soup to start with
7)listen to some fairly quiet and peaceful music before going to bed.
说明：6)或填start with some soup
3)、4)、5)中的“not to go. . . ”, “not to drink. . . ”, “not to smoke. . . ”是动词不定式的否定式。
Lesson 83
1. 1)down; from; to 2)On; in; of 3)In; from
4)In; in 5)out of; of; with 6)at; with; in
说明：3)keep sth from doing相当于stop. . . from. . . “阻止”；“防止”。
5)make. . . out of“用……制成”，不强调是否看得出原材料。
3. 洗衣机 游泳池 写字台
候车(诊)室 跳水板 舞厅
卧车 阅读材料 听力训练
吸烟室 写字纸(信纸) 开幕词
工作时间 闭幕词 更衣镜
building material; bathing cap; washing room;
drinking water; walking stick; racing car;
translating machine; changing room; sewing machine;
booking office; running water; training class;
说明：以上都是动名词作定语。现在分词和动名词的构成形式一样，即在动词原形后加ing。现在分词和动名词都可以位于名词前作定语，修饰该名词。它们的区别是：现在分词作定语，它和被修饰的名词在逻辑上是主谓关系。例如：a sleeping child=a child who is sleeping，“正在睡觉的孩子”。动名词作定语，它和被修饰的名词在逻辑上是动宾关系，表示该名词的用途。例如：a sleeping car=a car for sleeping “一辆卧车”。
Lesson 84
1. 1)otherwise 2)folk 3)musical
4)performance 5)memory 6)faded
7)drum; hammer 8)notes 9)flaming
10)generation 11)whispered 12)type
13)pattern
说明：5)I've got a bad memory 我的记忆力差。
9)a flaming sky 火焰般的天空，flaming是现在分词作定语，修饰sky。
【有关"Unit 21 Music" 的教学设计】
教学设计1. g2u21 Music 教案
学习目标：
单元双基学习目标
Ⅰ. 词汇学习
familiar ，be familiar with ，cap， note， can ( n . ) ， hammer ，memory， tin ，marry ，get married ，single ，square， otherwise， perform， wedding， musical ，generation ，learn， by heart ，in praise of， hero ，nowadays， passerby ( 复数形式是： passers - by )，pattern， root ，thought ，gay ，ray ，part ( vt . ) ，soul ，iron，ironing ，board， whisper，jazz， folk， instrument， violin ，earn one's living ，drum ，carol ，flaming， fade
Ⅱ. 交际英语
1. I think at the beginning we'd rather have …
2. I'd prefer them not to…
3. I'd rather have … to start .
4. I'd rather not have …
5. Have you decided … ?
6. I've decided to …
Ⅲ. 语法学习
- ing 形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语的用法
1 . 动词的 ing 形式包括名词和现在分词，二者都可作表语。如：
Our job is playing all kinds of music . ( 动名词 )
The music they are playing sounds so exciting . ( 现在分词 )
注：一般来讲，动名词 ( 短语 ) 作表语，主表可互换，即：Playing all kinds of music is our job .
现在分词作表语，表明主语的性质和特征，主表不可互换。
2 . - ing 形式做定语可以表示 1 ) 所修饰名词的用途。如：
a waiting room ( = a room for waiting ) 候车室
a walking stick ( = a stick for walking ) 手杖
a sleeping car ( = a car for sleeping ) 卧车
2 ) 所修饰名词正在进行的动作，可以换成定语从句形式。 如：
a waiting man ( = a man who is waiting ) 正等待着的男人
a sleeping child ( = a child who is sleeping ) 正睡觉的孩子
a walking man ( = a man who is walking ) 正散步的男人
3 . 在 see , hear , feel , watch , notice 等感观动词后可以用 - ing 形式做宾语补足语。这时 - ing 形式和句子的宾语之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，并且 - ing 形式表示宾语正在进行的动作。如：
He saw a girl getting on the tractor . ( = He saw a girl and the girl was getting on the tractor . ) 他看见一个女孩在往拖拉机上爬。
Do you hear someone knocking at the door? 有人敲门你听见了吗?
教案内容：
【关于“Unit 21 Music”的常见问题】
常见问题1: Unit 21 Music
问题：
-We'd like you the part of a young lady in the musical.
-I'd love , but I have to practise a lot .
A. to play; to; singing B. to play; to do; singing
C. play; to; sing D. play; to play; to sing
解答:
分析 答案为A。would like sb. to do sth. 为固定句式； I'd love/like to后不接动词为应答的习惯用法，practise后面接动词只能用-ing形式，这儿practise为vt。
常见问题2: Unit 21 Music
问题：
I write my own songs and I play guitar as well.
A. a B. the C. 不填 D. an
解答:
分析 答案为B。乐器前通常加定冠词，如：play the violin/piano，而在球类及棋类前不加冠词，如：play football/chess。
常见问题3: Unit 21 Music
问题：
He made a promise he came to the city he would visit me.
A. that B. that if C. whether D. if
解答:
分析 答案为B。promise后面是个同位语从句，说明promise 的内容，并且在同位语从句中又有一个条件状语从句。同位语从句的引导词that不可省掉。