科 目：英 语 年 级：高 三 撰 稿：张晓俊 编 审：李俊和 责 编：张晓俊
【知识点】
1．重点词汇、短语、句型结构
1）permit, hibernate, loose, everyday, standard, silly
2）keep up, show off, keep out, feel like, more than, once every five minutes, lie in , be connected with, make use of
3）have no choice but to do sth.
2．课文掌握程度
通过学习本单元内容，使学生了解动物冬眠的知识，并培养学生热爱动物，保护动物的意识。
3．重点语法
复习复合形容词的构成法
4．口语交际
学习给别人提建议的表达法
I suggest you see some of our national parks.
Why don't you hire a car and drive around for a couple of weeks?
5．写作
学习写回信。
【重点难点解析】
1，A good many animals sleep under the snow.
很多动物睡在雪下。
a good many 意为"很多"，后接复数可数名词。
We've lived here a good many years.
我们在这里已经住了许多年了。
a great many 和a good many 在意义和用法上基本相同，但前者的语气较重。
I have a great many things to do today.
今天我有许多事要做。
2，There is a lot of air in loose snow, and this helps to keep the cold out. 松散的雪里有大量的空气，这有助于御寒。
keep sb. /sth. out (of…) 意为"不使入内，（使）……在外"。如：
Warm clothes will keep the cold out. 保暖的衣服可以御寒。
Keep that cat out of our study.别让那猫进我们的书房。
Danger! Keep out! 危险！切勿入内！
3，Some warm blooded animals, like the cat, the dog or the wolf, do not need to hibernate; they lead an active life which keeps up their normal body temperature even in very cold winter weather. 有些温血动物，如猫、狗和狼，不需要冬眠。它们过着活跃的生活，这使它们即使在严寒的冬天也能保持正常的体温。
1）句中the cat, the dog, the wolf不是特指某一只猫、狗、狼，而是指猫、狗、狼的整个类属，定冠词在此处表示类别。
The tiger and the lion belong to the cat family. 老虎和狮子属于猫科。
不定冠词+单数名词和不带冠词的复数可数名词都可以表示事物的类别。
The horse is a useful animal.马是有用的动物。
A horse is a useful animal. 马是有用的动物。
Horses are useful animals. 马是有用的动物。
2）keep up 意为"保持（某种高度，不下降），维持，继续"。
Many people keep up this old tradition. 很多人保持这个旧的传统。
They promised each other that they would keep up their friendship forever.
他们互相允诺要永远保持他们之间的友谊。
4，Then it has no choice but to lie down and sleep. 于是，它别无选择，只好躺下睡觉。
have no choice but to ……意为"除（做）……，别无他法、非（做）…… 不可，只好……"。but 在此句的意思是"除"，用作介词，后接不定式。如：
He had no choice but to leave.他非走不可。
I don't have any choice but to do as you tell me. 我除按你所说的去做外，没有任何别的办法。
【词语辨析】
1，weather和climate的区别
weather意为"天气"，为不可数名词，不能在前面加不定冠词，如我们只能说in such fine weather, 而不能说in such a fine weather. 如：
Keep the windows open in fine weather. 天气晴朗时，应把窗户打开。
He stays indoors watching TV in wet weather. 下雨天他常待在家里看电视。
The weather has changed.天气变了。
Many crops depend on the weather. 许多农作物要依靠天气。
【注意】weather 前虽不可加不定冠词，但在表示"各种各样的天气"，或"不论哪种天气"时，weather用复数。如：
She goes out in all weathers. 不论天气如何，她总出去。
In most weathers, they work outdoors. 在大多数天气条件下，他们在室外工作。
weather与climate都表示天气，但两者侧重点不同，weather指某特定地区在一定时间内的气象情况。climate指一般比较长的时间，如一季的天气状况。如：
A drier climate would be good for her health. 气候较干燥的地区会对她的健康有益。
The climate of Kunming is enjoyable all year round. 昆明的气候一年四季都令人愉快。
2，foolish，stupid和silly的区别
1）foolish用于人时，着重指没有头脑，缺乏智慧或判断力。用于行为时，指愚蠢或考虑不周。如：a foolish act。
He was foolish enough to believe her. 他蠢笨到竟然信了她的话。
I thought you had more sense than to do such a foolish thing. 我想你不至于傻到干这种蠢事。
2）stupid用于人或事时指生性迟钝或反应迟钝，可用于骂人或责备。
He was so stupid as to forget his own name. 他笨到连自己的名字也记不起来。
That's a stupid idea.那是多笨的主意。
3）silly用于人时，指头脑简单、不懂事，用于言行指"无聊"。常用于a silly boy, a silly story, a silly question/mistake中。
I am not so silly as you think. 我不是你所想像的那么傻。
Ah, I have done a silly thing. 哎呀，我干了一件傻事。
3，such as与such…as…
1）such as用来列举事物，意为"例如"或"象"。如：
Some of the rubbish such as food, paper and iron, rots away over a long period of time.
有些垃圾，如食物、纸张和铁器，时间久了才烂掉。
A man such as he will surely succeed. 象他这样的人肯定会成功。
Have you seen some fierce animals such as lion, tiger, wolf and so on? 你见过像狮子、老虎、狼等凶猛动物吗？
You can borrow books of reference, such as dictionaries and handbooks. 你可以借些参考书，如词典和手册之类。
2）such…as… 像……任何的，凡是……的。如：
Such girls as he knew were teachers. 他所认识的女孩子都是老师。
Such bikes as you have are sold out. 像你所有的那种自行车已卖完了。
Take such as you need.你需要多少拿多少。
I will send you such as I have. 我将送给你我有的那种东西。
3）such as后可加不定式，表示"到……的程度"。如：
His words are such as to make his friends angry. 他的话已到了使朋友生气的程度。
His illness was such as to cause anxiety. 他的病到了使人担忧的程度。
4）such as也可后接that引起的从句。
【语法－复合形容词的构成】
1． 形容词（数词）+名词+-ed
kind-hearted 好心的 warm-blooded 温血的
three-legged 三条腿的 one-eyed 一只眼的
2． 形容词（副词、名词）+现在分词
good-looking tired-looking
man-eating heart-breaking peace-loving kite-flying
3． 名词（副词）+过去分词
man-made hand-made middle-aged new-born
hard-won newly-made absent-minded
4． 名词（形容词）+形容词
audio-visual duty-free life-long world-famous
5． 数词+名词
ten-year 十年的 two-man 二人的
【能力培养－阅读理解】
根据国家教委考试说明，高考阅读量不少于1000单词，文章题材、体材多样化。考察学生的能力包括对文章的概括、领会大意的能力，对文章细节的理解能力，根据文章推测、判断能力和对文中某些生词的判断力。
通过观察高三学生做阅读理解练习，可以发现高三学生看懂文章大概内容并不难，之所以失分较多，就是对文章整体、细节和问题及选项理解的准确性掌握不好。为了提高答题的准确性，在平时的训练中，我们认为应注意以下几点。
1、首先克服阅读中的不良习惯，即通过翻译中文理解文章，因为这种翻译阅读减慢了阅读速度，也就打断了文章整体思路的理解。在阅读中即使遇到生词或不理解的句子，可暂时忽略，也不必特意记细节，这样才能把握住文章的中心意思。
2、遇考察学生掌握中心思想的这类问题，必须依据全文所提供的信息而非根据某一细节来选答案。回答这类问题，好比人买帽子，不可太大，又不能太小盖不住脑袋。我们在选这类题时必须选的是能概括，有共性的信息，不可选超越文章的选项，也不可选覆盖不住文章内容的选项。
3、在考察学生对细节问题的理解上，这时需要细读，必要时翻译成中文可能对细节理解更有帮助。考细节理解，包括细读题干，弄清到底问什么，在文中寻找信息，遇关键词或句可划线提醒自己注意，然后细读选项，避免答非所问，切勿脱离文章凭空想象。最后为仔细比较选项表答上的区别。
4、考察学生推理判断的问题，是通过已知信息来得出未知结论，尽管文章中找不到直接答案，在回答问题时必须以文章事实为依据，从文章中能找出支持正确答案的句子和段落。
下面以2002年全国的高考试题阅读理解文章D为例来分析：
D
Treasure hunts (寻宝) have excited people's imagination for hundreds of years both in real life and in books such as Robert Louis Stevenson's Treasure Island. Kit Williams, a modern writer, had the idea of combining the real excitement of a treasure hunt with clues (线索) found in a book when he wrote a children's story, Masquerade, in 1979. The book was about a hare, and a month before it came out Williams buried a gold hare in a park in Bedfordshire. The book contained a large number of clues to help readers find the hare, but Williams put in a lot of "red herrings", or false clues, to mislead them.
Ken Roberts, the man who found the hare, had been looking for it for nearly two years. Although he had been searching in the wrong area most of the time, he found it by logic (逻辑), not by luck. His success came from the fact that he had gained an important clue at the start. He had realized that the words: "One of Six to Eight" under the first picture in the book connected the hare in some way to Katherine of Aragon, the first of Henry Ⅷ's six wives. Even here, however, Williams had succeeded in misleading him. Ken knew that Katherine of Aragon had died at Kimbolton in Cambridgeshire in 1536 and thought that Williams had buried the hare there. He had been digging there for over a year before a new idea occurred to him. He found out that Kit Williams had spent his childhood near Ampthill, in Bedfordshire, and thought that he must have buried the hare in a place he knew well, but he still could not see the connection with Katherine of Aragon, until one day he came across two stone crosses in Ampthill Park and learnt that they had been built in her honor in 1773.
Even then his search had not come to an end. It was only after he had spent several nights digging around the cross that he decided to write to Kit Williams to find out if he was wasting his time there. Williams encouraged him to continue, and on February 24th. 1982, he found the treasure. It was worth ￡3000 in the beginning, but the excitement it had caused since its burial made it much more valuable.
67. The underlined word "them"(paragraph 1) refers to _______.
A. red herrings B. treasure hunts
C. Henry Ⅷ's six wives D. readers of Masquerade
68. What is the most important clue in the story to help Ken Roberts find the hare?
A. Two stone crosses in Ampthill.
B. Stevenson's Treasure Island.
C. Katherine of Aragon.
D. Williams' hometown.
69. The stone crosses in Ampthill were built _______.
A. to tell about what happened in 1773
B. to show respect for Henry Ⅷ's first wife
C. to serve as a roadsign in Ampthill Park
D. to inform people where the gold hare was
70. Which of the following describes Robert's logic in searching for the hare?
a. Henry Ⅷ's six wives
b. Katherine's burial place at Kimbolton
c. Williams' childhood in Ampthill
d. Katherine of Aragon
e. stone crosses in Ampthill park
A. a-b-c-e-d B. d-b-c-d-a
C. a-d-b-c-d D. b-a-e-c-d
71. What is the subject discussed in the text?
A. An exciting historical event.
B. A modern treasure hunt.
C. The attraction of Masquerade.
D. The importance of logical thinking.
【答案及简析】
67．Ｄ。这是一道词义猜测题。它考查学生根据上下文确认代词所指的能力。短文第一段叙述了数百年来，寻宝在现实生活和书中都已经激发了人们的想象力。"Masquerade"是一本关于一只兔子的儿童故事书，在园里埋了一只金兔，书中提供了大量的线索来帮助读者找到这只兔子，但Williams同时也插入了许多引开别人注意的题外话或者假线索来误导他们。我们把该段中he wrote a children's story, Masquerade和The book contained a large number of clues to help readers find the hare及Williams put in a lot of "red herrings", or false clues, to mislead them这三处信息综合考虑，就不难判断出them在这里指Masquerade一书的读者，故答案为Ｄ。
68．Ｃ。这是一道事实询问题。短文第二段叙述了找到这只金兔的Ken Roberts已经找了将近两年。虽然他大部分时间一直在错误的地方搜寻，但是他找到这只兔子是靠逻辑，而不是凭运气。我们再根据该段中所叙述的His success came from the fact that he had gained an important clue at the start. He had realized that the words: "One of Six to Eight" under the first picture in the book connected the hare in some way to Katherine of Aragon可以判断出，能够帮助Ken Roberts找到金兔的最重要的线索是Katherine of Aragon，故答案是Ｃ。
69．Ｂ。这是一道综合分析判断题。回答此题需要综合短文第二段中的"One of Six to Eight"under the first picture in the book connected the hare in some way to Katherine of Aragon, the first of Henry Ⅷ's six wives和but he still could not see the connection with Katherine of Aragon, until one day he came across two stone crosses in Ampthill Park and learnt that they had been built in her honor in 1773.这两处信息。如果理解了in sb's honor和to show respect or thanks for sb.的意思就是"为纪念某人；向某人表示敬意或感谢"，就不难判断出最佳答案应选Ｂ。
70．Ｃ。这是一道排列顺序题。考查学生的逻辑推理能力。短文第二段中详细描述了Ken Roberts寻找金兔的逻辑顺序。文中提到Ken Roberts寻找金兔的逻辑顺序。文中提到Ken找到金兔的成功来源于一开始就获得重要线索的事实。答题时应先看两头做排除，后分析中间定答案。即先根据短文内容确定发生的第一件事。该段中He had realized that the words: "One of Six to Eight" under the first picture in the book connected the hare in some way to Katherine of Aragon, the first of Henry Ⅷ's six wives. 一句提供的信息是Ken Roberts寻找金兔的逻辑顺序首先是Henry Ⅷ's six wives. 应是a开头，有Ａ、Ｃ供选择。该段中he still could not see the connection with Katherine of Aragon, until one day he came across two stone crosses in Ampthill Park and learnt that they had been built in her honor in 1773. 一句中的two stone crosses in Ampthill. 则是找到金兔的最后逻辑线索，应是结尾，故最佳答案为Ｃ。
71．Ｂ。这是一道主旨大意题。阅读短文可知，本篇短文叙述了一次现代寻宝的经历。由短文第一段可知，当现代作家Kit Williams于1979年写一本儿童故事"Masquerade"的时候，把寻宝这一令人兴奋的事情与书中所发现的线索结合起来。这个珍宝就是Willams在Bedfordshire的一个公园里所埋的一只金兔，Ken Roberts 这各种逻辑线索，终于找到了埋藏金兔的地点。成功地获取了珍宝。我们再根据短文最后一段中Williams encouraged him to continue, and on February 24th 1982, he found the treasure可以判断出Ｂ为最佳选项。