Unit 1 Making a difference
I. Teaching aims and demands
类别 课程标准要求掌握的项目
话题 Talking about science and scientistsTalking about people
词汇 Undertake analysis obvious within agriculture gravity curious branch debate scan boundary graduate research wheelchair disable theory seek misunderstand scientific observe match predict unhappiness crime astronomer telescope heaven intelligent patient experiment
Work on go by go on with dream of turn out use up be satisfied with take a look at what if the other way around
功能 1， 描述人物（describing people） …you are twenty-one years old and a promising graduated student…The scientist is curious and careful. He is also intelligent and patient.2. 辩论（debating） I think biology is the most important and useful science because….. That’s correct that’s true It’s clear that…….. I doubt that…. It’s hard to say…. Well. Maybe , but…. There’s no doubt that…. What’s your idea….. Have you thought about…..?
语法 动词不定式 作主语，宾语，定语和状语1． 动词不定式做主语To obey the law is everybody’s dutyHawking explain what it means to be a scientist2.动词不定式（短语）做动词宾语： Scientists try to describe and explain what we see.3.动词不定式（短语）做定语： That will be the only thing to do now.4. 动词不定式（短语）做状语，表示行为的目的，结果，原因等。 Learn from the past mistakes to avoid the future ones. We were surprised to find him there. He traveled around to give lectures.
II. Teaching goals
1.Talk about science and scientists
2.Practise describing people and debating
3.Learn more about the infinitive
4.Write a descriptive paragraph
III. Teaching periods.
Four periods
IV Teaching methods.
Period 1 listen and speak way
Period 2 Do some reading
Period 3. Language points study
Period 4. Writing ability.
The first period Listening & Speaking
Ability goals
Enable students to talk about science and scientists
Help them learn to describe people and practice debating.
Learning ability goals
Let Ss learn how to debate by talking about which branch is the most important and useful to society.
Teaching important points
Learn the patterns used to describe people and debating.
Teaching difficult points
How to describe people and how to debate.
Teaching methods
1. Listening to the tape ( individuals).
2. Group work Debating (cooperative learning).
Teaching aids
Mutli -media
Teaching procedures & ways
Stepⅰ Warming up
Show the photos of some great people on the Powerpoint .Ask students whether they know who they are and what they are famous for .Then show the quotes on the Powerpoint. Ask students to match the pictures with the quotes. Then help students to understand the quotes.
Stepⅱ: Listening
T: After talking about the scientists, we will listen to the tape. Please try to judge who the famous scientists described on the tape are. And finish the exercises.
After listening ,check the answers with the whole class. After checking the answers, ask students what they are interested in .They are requested to write a short paragraph about what they would like to invent, discover, or be.
They are given five minutes to finish it.
Stepⅲ Speaking
Show the five branches Biology, Maths , Chemistry, Physics and Computer Science on the Powerpoint.
Show the useful expressions on the Powerpoint.
Stepⅳ Practice
Three minutes later, the debate begins. After the debate, the teacher will sum up.
The Second Period Reading
Ability goals
Learn the story of Stephen Hawking ad encourage students to become strong-minded. From his story students should learn to solve problems with scientific methods.
Learning ability goals
Students are divided into different groups. Each group will be assigned different tasks. They are asked to collect Stephen Hawking’s information from different resources. Each group member should be involved. Through these activities students should learn to be involved ,cooperate and solve problems.
Teaching important points
Learn about how Stephen got rid of his difficulties and became successful.
Teaching difficult points
How to analyze the text ad grasp the main idea of the text.
Teaching methods
Listening, reading, discussing
Teaching procedures & ways
Stepⅰ Leading in
T: Good. In this class we are going to learn sth about him. The title is “No Boundries”. How do you understand the title?
Talk sth about the title.
StepⅱReading
Scanning
Ask the students to scan the text and find the information about his misfortune, his attitude towards difficulty, results from his disease and his achievements. Then fill the information in the form. It is not necessary to write in sentences. Key words will do. Students will finish the task independently and then they will compare their notes with their group members.
Skimming
Ask students to skim the text and then finish the first question of the Post-reading part.
Careful reading
Read the text carefully and find the answers to the following questions.
Show the questions on the Powerpoint,
1. According to professor Hawking, how do people misunderstand science?
2. What are the basic steps of the scientific method?
3. What is it that hawking doesn’t like about his speech computer?
Sum up the main idea of each part.
Show the suggested answers on the Powerpoint.
1. This part tells us about Stephen hawking’s attitude towards life in the face of great difficulties. It is his positive attitude that helps him succeed.
2. His achievements and his best seller A Brief History of Time.
3. The basic steps of the scientific method.
4. Science enables Stephen Hawking to give lectures all around the world.
Stepⅲ Explanation
During this procedure teacher will play the tape for students. Students will underline the difficult sentences .After listening to the tape, teacher will explain the text and deal with language problems.
Stepⅳ Post-reading
Students are given several minutes to go over the text to make sure they fully understand the text. Then come to the third group questions of Post-reading. These are open ending questions. Students are encouraged to give various solutions.
The third period Grammar
Learning ability goals
Enable students to use infinitives freely through some task-based activities.
Ability goals
Students are asked to talk about their infinitives.
Teaching important points
Infinitives have adv.and adj .functions as well as noun functions.
Teaching difficult points
V. that take infinitives but not gerund.
Teaching methods
Explaining and practising.
Teaching aids
Multi-media
Teaching procedures & ways
StepⅰRevision
Ask several students to retell the story of Hawking. After the retelling, do the vocabulary exercises.
StepⅱWord study
Do the exercises on Page 5. and then check the answers.
Stepⅲ Grammar
First recall the functions of the infinitives. Then ask the students to do the exercises in Part 1.
Two minutes later check the answers with the whole class. Check the answers orally.
Step ⅳ Practise
Do the exercise 2&3. Then we will check the answers together.
5 minutes later check the answers with the whole class. The answers will be shown on the Powerpoint. And the students are asked to translate them Chinese.
After finishing the exercise in the textbook, divide the students into different pairs to fulfill the following tasks. Students are encouraged to use their imagination and give various descriptions. Then talk about the grammar.
Stepⅴ Homework
Finish all of the vocabulary and grammar exercises o the workbook.
The Forth Period Integrating Skills
Ability goals
Encourage students to be curious about science and be creative in their studies. Students should follow the good examples of the great scientists.
Learning ability goals
Helps students to learn about their own special skills and interests. Hope they will make a difference.
Teaching important points
Which characteristic is most important to make a difference?
Writing: write a paragraph about your favorite scientist.
Teaching difficult points
How to make others interested in your writing and what are you going to tell others about your favourite scientists.
Teaching methods
Task-based teaching method.
Teaching procedures & ways
Stepⅰ Revision
Check the homework.
StepⅱLeading in
Show some pictures of great scientists and ask students to speak out their achievements. Students are requested to tell how and why they could make such great achievements.
Stepⅲ Reading
What characteristics do the have in common? How could they make achievements?
Great scientists always want to know more. They are ever satisfied with a simple answer and are always looking for new questions.
Then students will be interested in sth about the text. Read through and try to conclude the main idea.
Step ⅳ Analyzing the passage
Show the following on the powerpoint.
Para1: The writer tells us :Everyone can make a difference if only he has the good characteristics-being curious.
Para2: Some other characteristics to make a difference-being knowledgeable, creative ad full of imagination .
Para3: If we want to make a difference, we must believe in that we do and stick to it until we succeed no matter what others think.
Para4: The most important thing to make a difference is to find what we are good at.
Stepⅴ Homework
Finish writing your favourite scientist.
Unit1 summary
本单元的中心话题是“科学家”，涉及到科学家的名言，轶事，科学家的成功之道，如何向科学家学习等。语言技能和语言知识几乎都围绕这一中心话题展开的，学生们比较感兴趣，speaking部分都有话可说，积极性很高，课堂气氛活跃。
Reading 部分介绍了著名物理学家斯蒂芬 霍金的生平，他的一系列探索发现和他对科学研究的态度，观点，他不为病魔和瘫痪所吓倒，而以惊人的毅力和信心成为物理界探索宇宙的先锋，本课不仅让同学们学到了语言知识，而且还学到了勇于探索，不怕困难的精神，并且乐观向上的面对生活。
本单元的语法项目是不定式的练习。在课堂上我通过给学生们分类，句型改写等练习使他们进一步理解和掌握动词不定式的用法。
本单元教学中最深的体会：让学生们自己用新词汇造句，每个句子至少有一个动词不定式。效果很好。
本单元教学不足之处： 听力教学效果不够理想，有待改进。
Unit one Making a difference
第一题: 单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. _______we move the picture over there? Do you think it’ll look better?
A. What if B. What about C. As long as D. Until
2. -------Now you like the personal computer so much, why not buy one?
-------Well, I can’t afford ______ computer at present.
A. that expensive a B. a such cheap C. that an expensive D. so a cheap
3. Tom______ the girl that he _____ four years ago.
A. married; engaged B. was married to; was engaged
C. has been married to; was engaged to D. married with; was engaged in
4. I’m ____the guidebook, looking for information about Guangxi, where I’ll travel.
A. looking B. scanning C. seeking D. arguing
5. Nothing can stop a _____ student ____ his mind to give up his studies.
A. promised; to change B. promised; changing
C. promising; changing D. promising; to change
6. The old lady _______ making clothes for her neighbor’s children.
A. engaged to B. was engaged to C. engaged in D. was engaged in
7. The children are _____ after the long and hard trip. They need rest and food badly.
A. used up B. made up C. given out D. run out
8. The shoe was discovered on the Chilkoot Pass, the famous trail used by people ____ gold in Alaska.
A. looking B. finding C. searching D. seeking
9. ------Can you come on Monday?
-------No, I am _______.
A. stuck B. engaged C. lost D. puzzled
10. If you practice hard, you will ______ a good writer.
A. make into B. turn out to be C. develop D. bring up
11. I never dreamed of there ______ such a quiet place in the noisy city.
A. was B. had been C. being D. to be
12. He was observed _______ into the house and himself to what he liked before the owner came back.
A. to slip B. slip C. slipping D. slipped
13. According to the recent research, heavy coffee drinking and heart attack is not necessarily _______ and effect.
A. reason B. impact C. fact D. cause
14. It ______ unusual courage and determination to make the break with his family.
A. took B. needed C. spent D. shared.
15. When climbing the hill John was knocked unconscious by an _______ rolling stone.
A. untouched B. unexpected C. unfamiliar D. unbelievable
第二题：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16～35各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
I went to Beijing this National holiday, and it was an interesting experience of my life.
My friends told us that taking the “hard 16 ” to Beijing would be really terrible. So we didn’t know what to 17 . But we were pleasantly surprised when we finally boarded the 18 , which was relatively modern and 19 . During the 14-hour ride we ate peanuts and talked. It was not 20 at all.
It was morning when we arrived. We stepped out of the railway station, having sat in hard seats and not getting much 21 . However, We had energy, First we tried to get return tickets to Shanghai, but the tickets seller 22 us that tickets would not be on 23 for another two days. We were a little worried about getting 24 , but we made up our minds to 25 for the hotel to put our bags down. After fighting our way 26 the “gypsy” taxi drivers that tried to 27 us one hundred yuan for the ride, we found a taxi and it 28 cost us thirty yuan to get 29 we had planned to go. When we reached the hotel, there was a window for airplane and train tickets. 30 the man behind the counter could get tickets that day, which we 31 . The most important lesson about China I ever 32 , is to get someone to do your work for you, and it seems to work out much33 . We were not able to get tickets, but the 34 agents（代理）could.
While in Beijing we saw a lot of places of interest, most of which were very 35 . It was fun to be with thousands of people in one place. There aren’t any words to describe it.
16. A. chair B. bed C. seat D. bench
17. A. provide B. expect C. happen D. think
18. A. plane B. bus C. ship D. train
19. A. quick B. clean C. simple D. long
20. A. bad B. good C. easy D. hard
21. A. trouble B. food C. sleep D. help
22. A. promised B. informed C. advised D. persuaded
23. A. time B. show C. duty D. sale
24. A. behind B. out C. through D. back
25. A. start B. ask C. look D. pay
26. A. towards B. into C. across D. past
27. A. offer B. charge C. bargain D. share
28. A. even B. still C. also D. only
29. A. what B. which C. where D. how
30. A. Somehow B. However C. Therefore D. Otherwise
31. A. wouldn’t B. couldn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
32. A. learned B. taught C. offered D. heard
33. A. harder B. earlier C. later D. easier
34. A. business B. transport C. travel D. hotel
35. A. interesting B. crowded C. famous D. noisy
第三题：阅读理解（共8小题；每小题2分，满分16分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
The Spirit rover went for its longest trip on the surface of Mars (火星), traveling just over 26.4meters but stopping short of the distance NASA has hoped it would cover, scientists said today.
Engineers had hoped the rover would travel 49.2 meters on its way to a crater known as “Bonneville” to examine rocks and soil for evidence(证据)that water may gave existed on the Red Planet, mission manager Jim Erickson said.
“Spirit. she’s put some more territory behind her,” Erickson said. “We’re close but not as close as we’d wanted to be.”
Spirit’s longest previous distance covered in a day was 21 meters. That occurred last week. Before setting off for the crater. Spirit made a careful study of a flaky(有薄层的)rock called “Mini”.
Scientists want to know why the rock is flaky when nearby rocks are not. Erickson said flakiness may indicate layering-a possible sigh the rock was formed over time instead of all at once, as may be the case with spit from a volcano. Scientists at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration reconsidered their judgment of the distance to the “Bonneville” crater, saying it’s about 345meters from Spirit’s landing place. The robot still has 240meters to got to reach.
36. Which of the following would be the best title of this passage?
A. Worries of the NASA about the Mars rover
B. Long way for Spirit to go
C. The longest walk of Mars rover up to now
D. Unexpected problems the NASA met with
37. The Spirit rover had covered about meters in all when the news was given.
A. 49 B.76 C. 47 D. 100
38. The Spirit rover traveled shorter distance than expected because .
A. she was ordered to examine some other rocks and soil
B. it took her more time than expected to study rocks and soil on her way
C. something was wrong with her operating system
D. a crater blocked her way
39. The underlined sentence in the third paragraph probably means .
A. she has set some new historical record
B. she has covered some more distance
C. she has left some more rocks behind her
D. she has studied some more rocks and soil
B
News has just been received of an air crash in the north of England. The plane, which was on a charter (包租的) flight from London to Carlisl, was carrying a party of businessmen on their way to a trade fair. It seems likely that the plane ran into a heavy fog as it was getting close to Carlisle and was forced to circle for some twenty minutes. Everything seems to be going well. The pilot was in constant radio communication with Control, when the engines suddenly cut out and all contact was lost. The plane crashed on the site of the ancient Roman camp at Hadrian’s Hill, a place well known to archaeologists(考古学家) and tourists.
So far few details have been reported, but it is feared that at least twenty people lost their lives, among whom was the pilot, who was killed instantly. The local ambulance and firemen were on the scene within minutes of the crash, but additional help had to be rushed from other areas.
Mr. Lesilie Collins, one of the survivors, told our reporter, “We passengers noticed the engines were making a funny noise. Of course we couldn’t see anything because of the fog, but the pilot said there was nothing to worry about. The next thing, we know, the engines went dead. There was a rushing noise and a kind of flash-and after that I don’t remember any more.”
Mr. Collins is now in hospital, being treated for minor injures. We will be bringing you further news of the crash as we receive it. In the meantime relatives are asked to ring 023457211 for information.
40. The plane that crashed was .
A. returning from a trade fair B. on a regular flight to Carlisle
C. flying some businessmen to London D. not on a regular flight
41. When the plane neared Carlisle it because of the heavy fog.
A. didn’t get any instruction to land B. was unable to hear Ground Control
C. had to wait for further instructions to land D. was forced to turn back
42. The news report tells us that when the crash occurred .
A. the local help immediately came to the rescue B. all the passengers and the pilot were killed "
C. additional help was unnecessary D. help was long delayed
43. From what Mr. Collins said, it appears that he .
A. remembered everything that happened
B. had only an incomplete picture of what happened
C. remembered speaking to the pilot
D. heard and saw nothing at all
第四题：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
Helen is a twenty-years-old girl. She never had a job 44._________
before. Now she wanted get a job. So she went to meet 45._________
Mr Black, the manager of the hotel. Mr Black told 46._________
her it was getting very busy in the hotel on the evenings. 47._________
He asked her if she was interesting in a part-time job. 48._________
The girl said that she did. Then Mr Black said she had 49._________
to work very faster and that she must be there at six 50._________
every afternoon and work from six to ten, Monday to 51._________
Friday. He offered her with 4.5 dollars an hour. Hellen 52._________
pleased with the offer and decided to start work the next day. 53._________