Unit 3 Australia
Lesson 9
I. New Words Presentations
Guess the words according to the definitions:
1. a place where people live in tents or stay in tents on holiday ---- camp
stay or live somewhere for a short time in a tent or a caravan (房车) ---- camp
2. the grey or black powdery substance that is left after a fire has been burning ---- ash
a small dish in which people who smoke put the ash from their cigarettes and
cigars --- ashtray
3. dust, mud, or the earth on the ground ---- dirt
4. a low stretch of land between hills, especially one that has a river flowing through it ----
valley
5. a large hole in the side of a cliff or hill, or under the ground ---- cave
6. a feeling you have of wanting or needing to drink something ---- thirst, thirsty
7. Someone who is __________ has sore (痛的) red skin because they have spent too much
time in hot sunshine.
8. on the other side or outside ---- beyond
II. Learn the dialogue
A. Pre-listening questions:
1) How did they go camping?
By car.
2) Where do they decide to make their camp?
In the bush, near a river and some trees.
B. While-reading activity: Pick up sentences which have similar meanings to the following:
1. Perhaps you can set a fire. ---- You may start a fire.
2. I didn’t realize it until you told me. ---- I wasn’t thinking.
3. We are lucky enough to have missed the kangaroo. ---- Missed it!
4. It will provide us with some shade. ---- it’ll give us some shade.
5. I am sure if there are some snakes. ---- There might be snakes.
6. I advise you not to go inside. ---- You’d better not go inside.
7. Be careful! ---- Look out! / Take care.
C. Everyday English: giving advice and reason
Finish Part 2 on page 13. The right answers are:
Make sure you put out the fire properly. You might start a bush fire.
Don’t walk around without a sun hat. You’ll get sunburnt.
Close the farm gates behind you, otherwise the animals will escape.
Don’t drive past cars that have stopped in the bush without stopping. They might need help.
Don’t drive into the bush without plenty of water. You can easily die of thirst.
Pour water on the ashes. Then you’ll be sure the fire is out.
D. Language Points:
1. go + v.-ing
go camping / sailing / swimming / shopping / riding on a horse / boating / climbing, etc
2. fix up 安装，装置，搭起
They are busy fixing up the lights for the party.
fix up 提供，安排
Can you fix me up with a single room.
3. beyond
The road continues beyond the village up into the hills. (在……的一边，越过)
After 25 years the town centre had changed beyond recognition. (超出，超越)
She carried on teaching well beyond retirement age. (超过，迟于)
He’s got nothing beyond his piles of books. (除……外；除了)
4. die of thirst = die from thirst
IV. Listening Practice
A. Explaining: bush fire – an uncontrolled fire that burns large areas of the countryside
B. Listen and finish all the exercises on page 267.
V. Homework
1. Workbook, page 153, Exx 2,3.
2. Preview the text in Lesson 10 and Lesson 11. Finish Workbook, page 154, Exx 1,2; page 155,
Exx 1, 2.
Lesson 10 ---- Lesson 11
I. New Word Presentation
A. Guess the words according to the definitions:
1. a strong feeling of confidence, trust, and optimism (乐观) ---- faith
2. an amount stated as if it is part of whole which is 100, a share of profits ---- percentage
3. the adjective of spirit ---- spiritual
4. someone who is older than others, especially when they are quite a lot older ---- elder
B. Fill in the blanks with the new words:
1. The nuclear waste was buried deep u__________. (underground)
2. The new machines will work twice as fast, t__________ greatly reducing costs. (thus)
3. “But why on earth did you agree?” he asked c__________. (curiously)
4. Thousands of people could s__________ if the crops fail again. (starve)
5. You need some s__________ in your study if you want to succeed. (system)
II. Learn the text
A. Collect information on Australia.
Kangaroo, Sydney Opera House, Ayers Rock, the longest coral bed (Great Barrie Reef), etc.
B. Check the homework
C. Language Points:
1. hand down 传下， 面交， 扶持
… and knowledge, customs and memories were handed down by the elders of the race.
他们的知识、风俗习惯以及他们所怀念的事情都是由他们种族的长辈传下来的。
* It has been handed down by generations of peasants.
其它与hand搭配的词语有：hand in (to sb.) (上交；交进)
hand on (传下去)
hand over (移交；让与)
hand back (交还；归还)
hand out (分发；施舍)
hand sb. into the car / out of the car (扶某人上车/下车)
Hands up! (举起手来！)
Hands off! (不许碰！)
* In July he handed in the finished version of the novel to the publishers.
* When all guests are present, hand out the books.
* Property is something handed on from generation to generation.
* He handed back his room key to the receptionist.
* He is about to hand over large sums of money to his local hospital.
2. be intended for sb. / sth. 为……计划/设计
Education was intended for white settlers only. 教育只是为百人移民而设立的。
* This dictionary is intended for the Chinese learners. (这本字典是专为中国学者编的。)
be intended to do sth. 打算做……
* You weren’t intended to hear what he had said. (你按说不应该听他说的话。)
intend sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事
* It was meant to be a surprise; I didn’t intend you to see it so soon.
(这本来是要成为一件意外的京戏，我本没有想让你那么早就看到的。)
intend to do sth.
* I don’t intend to listen to this rubbish any longer. (我再也不想听这种无稽之谈了。)
intend that-clause 意欲；打算；有意
* They intend that the plan should be put in to practice without delay.
3. be / become experienced at / in sth. / doing sth.
They became experienced at finding underground springs.
他们对寻找地下泉水逐渐有了经验。
* You should learn from the old worker. He is very experienced at repairing cars.
* The boss found that the newcomer was quite experienced in this kind of work.
* Some teachers are very experienced at teaching the senior.
4. keep out (sth. / sb.) 不使入内
The purpose of the fence is to keep out a type of wild dog called “dingo”.
这个栅栏是用来阻止一种叫“dingo”的野狗进来。
* Danger! Keep out!
* They close all the windows to keep out the cold.
keep out of … 使……不进入
* This notice should keep unwanted visitors out of the building.
keep off 避开，防止，挡住
* We had to think of a way to keep off the rain.
* Keep your hands off my dress.
Practice:
keep off = say nothing about …, keep off = not come near, cause to stay at a distance
keep out = remain outside, not let enter
1. They have shut the door and mean to __________ us __________. (keep … out)
2. The doctor ordered the woman to __________ all solid food for at least twenty-four hours.
(keep off)
3. They made a big fire to __________ wild animals __________. (keep … off)
4. I hope you’ll __________ trouble while I’m away. (keep out)
5. These curtains are meant to __________ mosquitoes (蚊子). (keep out)
5. rather than = instead of
Education was intended for white settlers only, and until very recently no school lessons were
held in languages rather than English.
教育只是为白人殖民者而办，而且直到最近以前，还没有一所学校使用英语以外的语言
进行教学。
rather than是并列连词，连接的两个部分必须对等，即前后语法结构要对等，动词与动词要对等，名词与名词要对等，形容词与形容词要对等，前后非谓语动词要对等，甚至介词前后也要对等。
* You rather than I are wrong. (名词/代词对等)
* He refused rather than accepted my offer of help. (动词对等)
* I’ll go there today rather than tomorrow. (副词对等)
* I found him stupid rather than clever. (形容词对等)
* He went there on foot rather than by bike. (介词对等)
* He preferred to die rather than give in. (不定式对等)
* She enjoys singing rather than dancing. (动名词对等)
* We should help him rather than he should help us. (从句对等)
6. depend
The climate is different depending on the area. 气候随地区的不同而有别。
depend (on) + wh-clause / how-clause= to vary according to…; be decided by …
视……而定，取决于……
* How much is produced depends (on) how hard we work.
* You can buy them in all sizes-it depends (on) how much you’re prepared to spend.
depend on / upon sb. / sth = to trust, be up to, have confidence in 相信，信赖，凭靠
* Most kids under 18 depend on their parents for food and clothing.
* We’re depending on you to finish (finishing) the job by Friday.
* The price of the shares will depend on the number of people who want to buy them.
7. get rid of sth. / sb. 摆脱，去掉
People still wave their hands in front of their faces, in order to get rid of flies.
人们仍然在脸前挥手赶苍蝇。
* I can’t get rid of the cold.
* How to get rid of the mice in the house remains a problem.
get rid of, get away with (逃避惩罚), get out of (避免，躲避（该做的事），放弃，戒除（习惯、常规）)
* We have to __________ mud and dirt on the road. (get rid of)
* Don’t think you can __________ telling lies. (get away with)
* I wish I could __________ going to that meeting. (get out of)
* Smoking is a habit she can’t __________. (get out of / get rid of)
8. One strange animal lays eggs, yet feeds its young on its milk.
feed on, feed … to, feed … with / feed … on
feed on “以... …为主食”，主语多指动物，宾语多是食物。
feed … to… “用某物喂某人或动物”，feed的后面接表示食物的名词，而to的后面则接表示喂养对象的词语。
feed … with / feed … on “用某物喂某人或动物”。feed的后面接表示喂养对象的词语，
with的后面接表示食物的词语。
* Cows feed on grass.
* She feeds meat to her dog and milk to her cat.
* The farmer feeds these chickens with corns. = The farmer feeds these chickens on corns.
9. In area it is about the same size as the USA (without Alaska), which has more than thirteen
times as many people.
从面积上讲，它大体上相当于美国（阿拉斯加除外），而美国的人口却是澳大利亚的13
倍还多。
倍数表达法：A + be + … times + as adj. / adv. as + B. “A是B的几倍。”
* Their room is three times as big as ours. But the number of people in our room is twice
as many as in their room.
* She studies once as long as I do every day.
分数的表达法：one half / a half / half,
a quarter
one third
five ninths
当分数修饰的主语是不可数名词时，谓语动词应用单数形式；当分数修饰的主语是复数
名词时，谓语动词应用复数形式。
More than two thirds of the earth’s surface is covered by water.
Almost four fifths of the students in my class are from Beijing.