Unit 5 The British Isles
Teaching Aims:
1. Talk about the UK and Ireland.
2. Attention to listening and speaking.
Teaching Important Points:
1. Improve the students’ listening ability.
2. Master the expressions for agreement and disagreement.
Teaching Difficult Points:
1. Improve the students’ listening ability.
2. How to express agreement and disagreement.
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1 Warming up
1. Answer the questions about the UK.(Answers 见教参104页)
2. Discussion
Work in groups having a discussion and try to find out as much as you can about the geography, history, culture, famous people, building and other things in the UK.
Step 2 Listening
Listen to the listening materials and try to finish the listening practice within the limited time.
Step 3 speaking
Now let’s move to the next part, speaking. Get the Ss to know how to express their agreement and disagreement.
Language points:
Listening
1. The conversation workshop(研讨会，研习班) is taught on Wednesday afternoon.
2. Try to reach agreement on the main points.
① reach agreement on sth .“在某方面取得一致意见，达成协议”
E.g. The two countries didn’t reach agreement on disarmament of nuclear weapons.
② reach an agreement on sth. 在某方面达成协议
E.g. China reaches an agreement on anti-terrorism with the fire countries in the Middle Asia.
3. They think it’s just a matter of looking…
E.g. It’s just a matter of time before Taiwan and mainland unite.
⒋ The Group of Eight consists of the eight richest countries in the world.
Consist of(不用进行时态)，由…组成/构成，同义词为：be made up of, be composed of
E g. The class consists of 48 students =The class is made up of /is composed of 54 students.
Consist in存在，存在于，在于
E g. Happiness consists in contentment. (知足常乐)
Consist with一致，符合
E.g. Theory should consist with practice.
⒌ …island countries have better chances of becoming powerful.
Chance（可能性）+of sth./doing sth; to do sth; that clause
E.g. ① Do we have any chances of winning the game?
③ There’s a faint chance that you’ll find him at home.
⒍ Do island nations have advantages over other countries?
① A have an advantage over B A优于或胜于B, A比B有优势
E g. In ancient movie, Jackie Chan has an obvious advantage over others.
② have the advantage of sth. 有某种优势（优点）
eg. I have the advantage of a first-class education.
③ take advantage of 乘机利用某事物
eg. You ought to take advantage of English programs on TV.
The Second Period
Teaching Aims:
⒈ Get the Ss to know about the British Isles.
⒉ Learn the main languages points of the text.
Teaching Important Points:
⒈ Train the students’ reading ability and develop their reading skills.
Teaching Difficult Points:
⒈ Master the following sentence pattern:
⑴ A is in /on /to the north/east…of B
⑵ be of great value
⒉ Understand the following sentences:
⑴ The idea that England stands for Fish and chips, the Speaker’s Corner and the Tower of London is past.
⑵ The fact that the mainland of Great Britain is made up of three kingdoms is still unknown to many.
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1 Revision and warm up
Ask the questions about the British’s Isles:
What do you know about the United Kingdom?
How many countries make up the British Isles?
What do you know about Ireland?
Step 2 Fast reading
Now read the text as fast as possible and try to decide whether the following statements are true or not.
⒈ The British Isles is made of 3 parts.
⒉ The British Isles lies off the west of Europe.
⒊ The English Channel is only 20 miles wide.
⒋ The British Isles is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean to the British Isles.
⒌ There’s much rain in the British Isles.
⒍ Ireland is part of the United Kingdom.
⒎ There’s 6 languages that’re considered to be native to the British Isles.
Step 3 Careful reading
Read the text carefully and try to sum up the main idea of each paragraph.
Para 1 General idea about England.
Para 2 Position of the British Isles.
Para 3 The climate of the British Isles.
Para 4 The culture of the people in the British Isles.
Para 5 The language spoken in Great Britain and Ireland.
Para 6 The history of the United Kingdom.
Para 7 The languages spoken throughout the British Isles.
Step 4 Post-reading
Since the Ss have read the text, now get them to finish Exercise 1&2 within the limited time答案见教参110页
Step 5 Consolidation:
Language points:
⒈ The idea that England stands for Fish&Chips, Speaker’s corner, Big Ben and the Tower of London is past.
⑴that引导的是一个同位语从句，用于说明idea的内容 。同位语从句常用于说明idea, news, hope, wish,fact,suggestion等抽象名词的具体内容，连词that 没有词义，不充当句子成份，但不可省略 。
E.g. The news that team has won the game is exciting.
⑵stand for
a. 代表，象征，意味着
E.g. WTO stands for World Health Organization.
b.赞同，支持，主张
e.g. What principles do you stand for?
⒉ …their view of British culture is sometimes narrow.
narrow 狭窄的，狭隘的，险胜的
A narrow river/steet a narrow idea about relics a narrow escape(九死一生)
⒊ The fact that the mainland of Great Britain is made up of three countries is still unknown to many.
⑴ be made up of =consist of 由…组成
E.g. The group is made up of five members. = The group consists of five members.
⑵ be unknown to sb.不为人所知道
E.g. The cause of the delay is still unknown to us.
⒋ …there has been a growing movement to make the most of its cultural diversity-to see it as it really is, a nation of different countries held together by a common language and culture.
⑴make the most of充分利用，也可以说make the best of
E.g. He wished to make the most of his chance.
⑵ diversity 多种多样，多样性
E.g. a wide diversity of opinions看法上的众说纷纭
Mary has a great diversity of hobbies such as stamp collecting, travelling.
⑶as it is 以现在的样子，根据下面的情况看
E.g. I’ll send it to you as it is, (我就照现在的样子卖给你，) but don’t complain, if it doesn’t work.
⑷ hold together 使不分开或团结一致
E.g. The needs of the children held their marriage together.
⒌ The largest island is called Britain, which is separated from France by the English Channel, which at one point is only 20 miles wide.
⑴separate A from B 把A与B分隔开，指把混在一起的或连在一快的分开
E.g. She separated the good apples from the bad ones.
Divide …into 指把整体分成部分
E.g. A year is divided into twelve months.
⑵at one point在某一地点；一度
E.g. A traffic accident happened at one point yesterday.
At one point, he was very weak.
⒍ In general, Scotland is colder throughout the year, and receives more rain.
⑴ in general总的说来，大体上，通常
E.g. In general, people like her.
⑵ throughout the year 整年，一年到头throughout 贯穿，介词
E.g. He worked hard throughout the year to support his family.
⑶ receive 动词，收到，接到
⒎ In the summer months the difference in temperature between London and north can be as much as nine degree.
英语中在表示数量的词语前习惯上加as much as ,as many as等来加强语气。as much as用与表示 “雨（水）量”，时间 ，金钱，重量，钱数，价格等方面。表示 “总量”和“单位量”的大小，as many as用于人或物的具体数量前，as much as从总的角度出发，侧重于“总量”，as many as从个体出发，侧重于具体数目。
E.g. The rain is plentiful, often as much as seventy inches every year.
At the job, she could earn as many as eighty dollars every week.
The civil war in that country lasted as much as eighty 16 years.
We must learn as many as 300 English words.
The kind of English built as many as 50 pyramids.
As far as 远到；尽…程度
E.g. They walked as far as the seaside.
Don’t worry. I’ll help you as far as I can.
As long as 长达；只要
She spends as long as three hours on English study every day.
⒏ The culture of the people in the British Isles was influenced by the culture of the people on the European mainland.
Influence 指不易察觉到的，潜移默化的影响
E.g. Probably we influenced each other.
Affect表示使“变化，对…产生不良影响”，着重“影响”动作。
Influence 影响力，支配力
E.g. Parents have a great influence on Children.
⒐ ……Their languages formed the basis for English.
⑴ Form the basis for 构成/形成…的基础
E.g. This idea formed the basis for Theory of Relativity.
⑵ 为…⑶打下基础，lay foundations for
E.g. Four –year college life laid solid basis for his further improvement.
⑶provide a basis for 为…⑶提供依据
E.g. The result provided a sound basis for further research.
⒑ The result of this French influence was that the English language ended up with many French words such as table, animal and age.
End up with以…结束，通常是 最后接受某东西，其意思为receive sth.in the end
E.g. We ended the supper up with fruit and coffee.
⒒ …but it was not only 250 years later that they formed a single state.
是一个强调句，有原句They didn’t formed a single state until 250 years later变化而来，此类句子需强调状语until时候，应将否定句not… 与状语until…一起作为强调部分，构成it was not until… that …的巨型
eg. It was not until 1969 that man set his first step on the moon.
原句：Man didn’t set his first step on the moon until 1969.
⒓…While the southern part of England was only part of the UK for some time…
⒔ There are six spoken languages that’re considered to be native to the British Isles as well as two local accents.
⑴ be considered to be 是（consider sth/sb.to be+形容词或名词）的被动式，
E.g. We considered this (to be) very important.
⑵ be native to本土的，本国的，土生的
E.g. Panda is native to China.
⒂ They realise that it is of great value to record and teach them to the younger generation.
Be of great value=be very valuable非常有价值的，可用于此巨型的词有：use ,help,importance,help etc.
E.g. We consider their works of be of great value.
The invention is of great value. =The invention is very useful.
Period 3 Grammar Noun Clauses
名词性从句介绍
名词性从句包括：主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句，多由连词that, wh-疑问词或由what,whatever等关系代词引导。
⒈ 主语从句
⑴ 主语从句在句子中充当主语，句子的谓语动词用第三人称单数。
E.g. Why he refused to work with you is still a mystery.
Whatever comes is welcome.
⑵ 主语从句前的that不能省略，仅起连接作用，有时候为保持句子平衡，that从句后置，而由it作形式主语。
E.g. That he became a lawyer may have been due to his mother’s influence.
It is not true that he has moved to New York.
⒉ 宾语从句在句子中充当宾语
E.g. I don’t know where the sound came from.
Don’t be satisfied with what you have achieved.
⒊ 当从句放在系动词be, look, remain, seem等后构成表语从句。
E.g. The trouble is that I have lost his address.
It seemed that the night would never end.
⒋ 同位语从句
⑴同位语从句是对与之同位的名词中心词作进一步解释，能接同位语从句的常见名词有：idea,fact,news,belief,hope,evidence,opinion,problem,truth,proposal,theory,decision.discovery.problem,thought.understanding等。
E.g. The fact that we talked about is very important.(定语从句)
The fact that he succeed in the experiment pleased everybody.(同位语从句)
⒌ whether与if 在名词性从句中的用法区别
if 一般 指用于引导从句，而whether可引导包括宾语从句在内的其他名词性从句。
⑴连词whether引导主语从句，表语从句时不能用if来替换。
Whether he will attend the meeting is uncertain.
The question is whether he will come.
⑵宾语从句中，whether常与or not搭配，也可以说 whether or not, 而不说if or not.
E.g. I don’t care whether or not she will attend the meeting.
⑶whether也可用在介词 后，或带to 不定式前，if or not.
E.g. She doesn’t know whether to get married now or wait.
I haven’t settled the question of whether I’ll go back home.
⑷ 某些动词后面（如discuss）只能用whether, 不用if .
E.g. We discussed whether we should go on climbing.
二．主语从句高考考点]
在句中做主语的从句叫主语从句，是一种 重要的名词性从句。
⒈由what等连词引导的从句
在主语从句 中，what=the thing(s) that, 它本身在从句中充当成份，或是主语，或是表语，或是宾语，其含义为“所做/说/想的”。
E.g. What you have done might do harm to other people.
⒉ 由that 引导的主语从句
that在主语从句中不充当具体的句子成份，也无实义，只起连接作用，而且当它在句首时候，不能省略。
E.g.It worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey.
That you don’t like him is none of my business.
⒊ 由whether,if等引导的主语从句,句首用Whether
E.g. Whether we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
⒋ 由whoever. whatever等引导的主语从句
whoever=the person who或anyone who.who 也可以引导主语从句，但只能表示“谁”
E.g. Who will win is not important.
E.g. Whoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
Anyone 与the person皆不能引导从句。
⒌ 由it 作形式主语引起的主语 从句
that从句做主语时候，常用it做形式主语，而把that引导的主语从句放到句后。在下列情况下使用形式主语it，将主语从句放在句尾。
⑴位于是seem，appear，be（im）possible，be a pity，be a wonder，be likely等。
E.g. It seemed certain that this would win the prize.
It appeared that he was right.
⑵在It is known…; It is said…;It is hoped…; It is believed…等句型中。
E.g. It is still a question when we shall have our sports meet.
It doesn’t matter what you say.
注意：有时候在“It is necessary(important. suggested等)＋that从句”结构中, that从句常用”should+动词原形” 形式来表示虚拟语气, 其中should常可省去.
E.g. It is necessary that a college student should master at least a foreign language.
Period 4
Teaching Aims:
⒈ Enable the Ss to learn how to describe a place in its landscape, culture, relics, the people, their life, economy and etc.
⒉ More practice at Noun Clauses.
Teaching Important Points:
⒈ Learn to describe the countryside, the cities, the people and their life by reading the passage.
Teaching Difficult Points:
⒉Improve the students’ integrating skills-reading skills and writing skills:
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1 Reading
Get the students to read the passage quickly and ask some questions about it.
⒈ What can be seen across the fields of Salisbury?
Sheep can be seen everywhere.
⒉ What’s the cathedral famous for?
The cathedral is famous for the height of its tower. It’s 404 feet high. Daniel Defoe thinks the tower is the highest and the most handsome in England.
⒊ How many important kinds of produce and trade are there in the city of Salisbury? What are they?
There’re two important kinds of produce and trade in Salisbury. They’re making cloth and sheets called Salisbury whites.
⒋ How about the hills and fields there?
The hill and fields are most beautiful with many small and clear rivers and rich fields bearing fruit and grain.
⒌ Say something about the hills of Salisbury(The last paragraph)
Step 2 Retelling
Get the students to read the text once again and have them retell the text.
Step 3 Language points:
⒈ …the great number of them is very wonderful.
The number of +复数名词(谓语动词用单数) a number of + 复数名词(谓语动词用复数)
E.g. A number of students were studying in the reading-room.
⒉ All around the city of Salisbury, as far as twenty-two miles to the west, and six miles south, down to the coast, farmers raise sheep.(此句中farmers raise sheep是句子的主干,前面均是表示方位, 距离的短语做状语. 其中south前面省略to the .由于coast是地势较低处,所以用down to the coast.
⒊ There could be as many as six hundred thousand sheep fed within six miles of Salisbury, measuring every way round and the town in the centre.
⑴句中fed within six miles of Salisbury是一个过去分词短语修饰sheep，measuring…是一个V-ing短语，修饰six miles of Salisbury。
⒋ The cathedral is famous for the height of its tower, which is without doubt the highest and the most handsome in England, being from the ground 410 feet.
⑴without doubt=certainly无疑地；确定地
e.g. Without doubt, our team will win the game.
⑵ being from the ground 404 feet在此句中做状语，用语说明tower的高度。
⒌ Neither of them is very big, but they become a larger river when joined together, and yet larger when joined by a third river.
⑴ a third river又一条河流，不定冠词a 用在序数词之前，表示“再一， 又一”。
Eg. You can have a second try if you fail the first time.
⑵Neither of the books is interesting.(这２本书都没意思。)表示“两者都”，用both of＋复数名词，表复数概念。
E.g. Both of you have to go there.
⒍ …, which employ the poor of a great part of the country round-namely, making cloth and sheets,
namely 副词，即，就是，用以补充或具体说明前面已提到的事物
e.g. Two boys are late for school today-namely, Tom and Jim.
⒎ …with many small and clear rivers, and rich fields bearing fruit and grain.
⑴bearing fruit and grain做宾语补足语，bear“结果实”，产生，长出
e.g. The tree is bearing a lot of apples this year.
⑵ with +宾语＋v－ing，在此做状语。
E.g. With you standing here, we can’t work.
⒏ …, village and houses, and among them(指代houses) many（后省略了are） of good size.
Of good size= have good size
E.g. The cellphone is of great high quality.
=The cellphone has high quality.