Unit 9 Health care
Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision
Grammar revision
Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss
Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar
2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement
Teaching materials & focuses:
1. be diagnosed with vt. 诊断疾病
The plastic surgeon diagnosed my illness as a rare bone disease. 整形外科医生诊断出我的病是一种罕见的骨病。
The general practitioner diagnosed the illness of the baby as pneumonia. 全科医生把小儿的病诊断为肺炎。
2. suffer from 与suffer 区别
受苦；受难
She was suffering from a headache. 她正经受头痛之苦。
Many people suffer from a great dread of heights. 许多人非常畏高。
遭受（磨难）
to suffer death 丧生
The enemy forces suffered heavy casualties by their own admission. 敌军自己承认伤亡惨重。
3. depending on （常与on, upon连用）视情况而定
That depends. 视情形而定。
It all depends on how you tackle the problem. 那要看你如何应付这问题而定。
（常与on 连用）信任，信赖；需要
Can I depend on you? 我可以信任你吗？
I haven't a car, I have to depend on the buses. 我没有汽车，只能靠公共汽车。
4. thanks to 由于; 多亏, 因为
Camp meals are no great problem. Neither are beds, thanks to air mattresses and sleeping bags.
野营的饭食不是大问题，床也不是。多亏了空气垫和睡袋。
引申：常见的表示“因为”的词组：owing to, because of, on account of, as a result of, due to, for the reason of 等。
5. in time to do sth 赶得上做。。。
You are just in time to speak at the meeting.
6. prevent …from doing （常与from连用）阻止；制止；妨碍
We were prevented by heavy smog from seeing anything. 浓雾使我们看不到任何东西。
What prevented you from joining us last night? 昨天晚上什么事使你不能参加我们的晚会?
Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision
Grammar revision
Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss
Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar
2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement
Teaching materials & focuses:
7. 对过去的虚拟
If I had had insurance, the sickness wouldn’t have caused such a big problem.
表示与过去的事实相反的假设时，条件状语从句的谓语动词用“had +过去分词”，主句中的谓语动词用“would（should, could, might）+have +过去分词”。例如：
If you had taken my advice, you wouldn’t have failed in the examination.
8. aimed vt., vi. （常与at连用）瞄准；对准
He aimed with the gun. 他用枪瞄准。
She aimed a pistol at the bandit point-blank. 她用手枪直接瞄准强盗。
He aimed the gun at the enemy officer. 他用枪瞄准了敌军官。
以…为目标
I aim to be a lawyer. 我要当个律师。
He aimed to swim a mile. 他的目标是游一英里。
The factory must aim at developing new models of machines. 该工厂必须致力于研制新型机械。
n. 瞄准；对准
The hunter took aim at wolf. 猎手瞄准狼。
目标；目的
What is your aim in life? 你生活的目的是什么?
His aim was to swim a mile. 他的目标是游一英里。
The aim is not just to keep busy. 其目的不仅是为了使每个人不致闲着。
9. access to n. 进入；通道
There is no access to the street through that door. 穿过那个门没有通向大街的路。
The only access to that ancient castle is along a muddy track. 到那座古老城堡去的唯一通道是一条泥泞小路。
使用；接近
easy of access 易于接近
Students need access to books. 学生需要使用书本。
He gave me free access to his library. 他让我随意进他的藏书室
10 consult vt. 参考；查阅；咨询
I consulted George about buying a car. 我向乔治请教购买小汽车的事。
I must consult my principal on this matter. 这件事我必须与委托人商量一下。
（常与with连用）商量；请教
Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision
Grammar revision
Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss
Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar
2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement
Teaching materials & focuses:
11. nor can they 看半倒装
1． 在结果状语从句句型so …that …中，如果强调so…放在句首，主句需要部分倒装。
So excited was she at the news that she couldn”t say a word .
听到这个消息，她是如此激动，以致于一句话也说不出来。
2. only放在句首，强调状语（副词，介词短语或状语从句等），全句语序要部分倒装。
Only in this way can we get in touch with them .
Only because he was ill was he absent from school .
注意：only放在句首，强调主语时，语序不必倒装。
Only Mr Wang knows about it .
3. 带有否定意义的词放在句首，语序需要部分倒装。常见的词语有： not , never , seldom , scarcely , barely , little , at no time , not only , not once , under on condition , hardly … when , no sooner …than …rarely, little, hardly, nowhere, at no time, by no means, in no way, in/under no circumstances, in vain, much/even/still less, no sooner…than, hardly/scarcely…when, not a single word, not a soul, not frequently, not longer, not often, not only…but also, not until…等。
Little did I think he was a spy . 我一点也没想到他是一个间谍。
Hardly had I reached home when it began to rain .
No sooner had I entered the room than the phone rang .
Not only does radio enable people to send words, music, and codes to any part of the world, it can also be used to communicate far in to space.(TOEFL,1998.10/11)
We have been told that under no circumstances may we use the telephone in the office for personal affairs.(CET4,1999.6/60)
Not until the game had begun did he arrive at the sports ground.(CET4,2000.6/23)
Scarcely had she fallen asleep when a knock at the door awakened her.
Nowhere was the lost car to be found.
4. 在虚拟语气中，倒装代替条件。
Should he be here next week , he would help us with the problem .
Were there no light , we could see nothing .
5. 用于某些表示祝愿的句子。
May you succeed ! 祝你成功！ Long live France ! 法兰西万岁！
Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision
Grammar revision
Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss
Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar
2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement
Teaching materials & focuses:
6． 当比较和方式状语从句中主语不是人称代词时，常可在主语前添加与前面呼应的助动词或情态动词，构成倒装结构，例如：
Mammals have a larger, more well-developed brain than do other animals. (TOEFL, 1994. 8/5)
He traveled a great deal as did most of his friends.
Pure iron can not be hardened by heating and cooling as can steel, because iron lacks the necessary carbon. (TOEFL, 1999.10/13)
7． 让步状语从句可引起倒装，例如：
Be he king or slave (=Whether he is a king or a slave), he ought to be punished
Come what may (=What may happen), we’re not going to make any concessions to his unreasonable demands
12. as was the case with Wang Lin 特殊的定语从句
13. warn 用法vt. （常与of, against连用）警告；提醒；告诫
She warned me about the dangerous road, so I crossed it carefully. 她提醒我这条马路很危险，因此我过马路小心翼翼。
（常与that连用）事先通知
The whistle warned visitors that the ship was ready to sail. 汽笛通知旅客船即将启航。
Integrating skills
1. as a result of , result from , result in
2. consider 用法 vt., vi. 考虑；思考
I am considering going abroad. 我正在考虑出国。
The court would not even consider his claim for the old man's legacy. 法庭根本不会考虑他所提出的对老人遗产的要求。
Let me consider. 让我考虑一下。
认为；以为
I consider it a great honor. 我认为这是极大的荣幸。
We consider that the driver is not to blame. 我们认为这不是司机的过错。
Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision
Grammar revision
Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss
Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar
2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement
Teaching materials & focuses:
3. it was not until …that 强调句用法
It was not until I called her from behind that she found me.
在强调句型中，not until置于句首构成倒装句以及until放在句首时，均不能用till替换until。例如：
It was not until 1920 that regular radio broadcast began.
直到1920年才开始有定期的无线电广播。
Notuntil12o”clock last night did Tom come back.（倒装句）
昨晚直到十二点汤姆才回来。
Until I was 20 I had never been away from my hometown.
我二十岁以前，从未离开过家乡。
4. search for
5. of even greater significance = significant
引申：常见类似结构还有：be of importance, be of necessity, be of value 等等。
6. despite prep. 不管；不顾；即使
Despite the bad weather we enjoyed our holiday. 尽管天气不好，我们的假期仍过得很愉快。
7. lack n. （常与of连用）缺乏；需要
There is no lack of vegetable. 蔬菜不缺。
The lack of rain aggravated the serious lack of food. "由于干旱少雨,缺粮问题更加严重。"
【词性变化】
lack vt. 缺乏；不足；没有
He lacks courage. 他缺乏勇气。
Owing to lack of time, we cannot do more than what we have done. 由于时间不够，我们只能做到这样。
Their actions lack consistency; they say one thing and do another. "他们言行不一,说的是一回事,做的又是另一回事。"
短少；不足；需要
Something is lacking. 缺少点什么东西。
Is she lacking in courage? 她缺乏勇气吗?
Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision
Grammar revision
Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss
Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar
2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement
Teaching materials & focuses:
8. when asked about his discovery…
分词做状语时，经常放在连词when, while, if , unless 之后。
If invited, I will go to attend the conference.
Unless paid special attention to, the orchid is hard to grow.
While doing sport, you lose the most calories.
When scolded by his boss, he remained silent.
9. 虚拟语气2
虚拟语气用于宾语从句
1). “wish +宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望,汉语可译为“可惜……”. “……就好了”, “悔不该……”, “但愿……”等.
表示现在不能实现的愿望,从句的谓语动词用过去式;表示将来不能实现的愿望用“would(could) +动词原形”;表示过去不能实现的愿望时用“had +过去分词”或“(could)would +have +过去分词”.例如:
I wish it were spring all the year round.
I wish you could go with us.
We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.
2) 虚拟语气在动词arrange, command, demand, desire, insist, order, propose, request, require, suggest,等后面的宾主从句中用“(should)+动词原形”.例如:
We suggested that we (should) have a meeting.
We insisted that they (should) go with us.
The doctor ordered that she (should) stay in bed for a few days.
He demanded that we (should) start right away.
注意:insist作“力言”, “强调”解时,宾语从句不用虚拟语气,只有当insist作 “坚持(认为)”, “坚持(应该)”解时宾语从句才用虚拟语气.例如:
Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything.
Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision
Grammar revision
Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss
Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar
2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement
Teaching materials & focuses:
(三)虚拟语气用于表语从句、同位语从句
作advice, idea, order, demand, plan, proposal, suggestion, request等名词的表语从句和同位语从句,其谓语动词要用虚拟语气的结构“(should)+动词原形”.例如:
We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should) go to Beijing for sightseeing.
My idea is that we (should) exercises first．
(四)虚拟语气在 as if(as though)，even if( even though)等引导的表语从句或状语从句中的应用．
如果从句表示的动作发生在过去，用过去完成时，指现在状况，则用过去时，指将来则用过去将来时．例如：
He looked as if he were an artist.
He speaks English so fluently as if he had studied English in England．
Even if he were here，he could not solve the problem．
(五)虚拟语气用于主语从句．
在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气结构用“ should 十动词原形”的结构，表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等．例如：
It is necessary( important，natural，strange，etc) that … we should clean
the room every day.
It was a pity ( a shame，no wonder，etc) that you should be so careless．
It will be desired( suggested，decided，ordered，requested，proposed，etc)
that she should finish her homework this afternoon．
在上述三种主语从句中，should意为“应该”,“竟然”，可以省去，但不可换用would.主句所用动词的时态不限．
注意：这种从句表示的是事实．如果说话人对这种事实表现出惊奇的情感，就可用虚拟语气．反之，如果不表示惊奇等情感．That从句也可用陈述语气，例如：
It is a strange that he did not come yesterday.
It is a pity that you can’t swim．
(六)虚拟语气用于定语从句
这种从句常用在 It is( high) time( that)…句型中，定语从句的谓语动词用过去式，或 should十动词原形( should不能省略，be用 were)来表示，意为“(现在)该……”。例如：
It is ( high) time we left (should leave).
lt is high time we were going.
(七)虚拟语气用于 if only引导的感叹句中
If only I had taken his advice.
我要是听他的话就好了．
If only I were a bird．我如果是一只鸟就好了．
(八)虚拟语气在简单句中的应用
l)情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时，表示说话人谦虚、客气、有礼貌或语气委婉，常出现在日常会话中，例如：
It would be better for you not to stay up too late．
Would you be kind enough to open the door?
2)用于一些习惯表达法中，例如：
Would you like a cup of tea?
I would rather not tell you. You had better go now． 3)用“ may 十动词原形”表示“祝愿”、“但愿”． may须置于句首，例如：May you be happy! May you succeed!