Unit12 You are supposed to shake hands
一.教学内容：
In this unit, we’ll learn how to tell what you’re supposed to do. Such topic is very useful and practical. All of us can learn something about the customs of different countries from this unit.
Target:
Tell what people are supposed to do.
Know the customs of different countries.
Key words:
kiss bow chopstick fork spoon
napkin greet rude wipe point
pick
Phrases
be supposed to do 被期望做，应该 shake hands 握手
for the first time 第一次 table manners 餐桌礼仪
drop by 偶然拜访，顺便拜访 after all 毕竟，终究
be on time 准时 (in) the wrong way 以错误的方式
be relaxed about 对……比较随意 a bit 一点
make plan to do… 计划做 point at 指着，指向
leave for 动身去… stick…into… 把…戳入，插入
go out one’s way to do 特意做，想尽办法做 pick up 捡起，拾起
be/get used to sth/doing sth 习惯于做某事 cut up 切碎
make sb feel at home 使某人感觉像在家一样 be full 吃饱
Sentences structure
What are you supposed to do when you meet for the first time?
You’re supposed to shake hands.
It’s rude to stick your chopsticks into your rice.
It’s polite to bow when you meet for the first time.
What are you supposed to do…?
You’re supposed to …
It’s rude to…
When were you supposed to arrive?
I was supposed to arrive at 7:00, but I arrived at 8:00.
You should have asked what you were supposed to wear.
Language point:
1. be ( not ) supposed to do sth
suppose v. “认定；假定”的意思，这里用的是被动形式，表示：
被 (不被)期望 /（不）应该做某事
强调礼仪中该做与不该做的，意思可以相当于should
① You’re supposed to kiss. = You should kiss.
② You are not supposed to smoke here. = You shouldn’t smoke here.
③ It is supposed to be very hot there.
据说，大家认为那儿很热。
复习be allowed to do sth 被允许做…
2. It’s rude/ polite to do sth 做某事是有礼貌的/不礼貌的
这个句式和以前接触过的句式类似，形式主语是it，后面的动词不定式是真正的主语。
It’s rude to point at anyone with your chopsticks.
It’s polite to say hello to your parents when you leave for school.
3. …but I made some mistakes
make a mistake / make some mistakes
4. You should have asked what you were supposed to wear
should have done…这是虚拟语气的一种表达方式，虚拟语气表示所说的话只是一种主观的愿望、假想、建议等。
5. Where I’m from, we’re pretty relaxed about time.
* Where I’m from中where是副词，此处用法没有先行词，“在，于，或至……的地方”
Where there’s no rain, farming is difficult.
where经常引导以 place为先行词的定语从句
* relaxed松弛的，通常用来修饰人; relaxing则修饰物
The trip was relaxing, so he felt relaxed.
6. It’s Okay if you arrive a bit late.
a bit, rather, kind of, 有点，相当
She’s feeling a bit tired.
7. Spending time with family and friends is very important us.
* spending是动名词作主语，此时谓语动词应用单数。
Reading books is a good way to learn English.
* Sth is important to sb. 某事对某人来说是重要的。
to作介词，意为“对……来说”
8. We often just drop by our friends’ house.
drop by/in/over 偶然拜访
Some friends dropped by to see me yesterday.
9. Often we just walk around the town center, seeing as many of my friends as we can.
* walk around, around是介词，四处，遍及的意思。
look around 四处看看
go around 四处逛
show sb around 带某人参观
follow sb around 四处跟着某人
get around 观光，游览
* as…as, 中间用形容词、副词的原级
He is as tall as he used to be.
Please come here as quickly as possible.
当as…as用于否定句中时，还可以用so…as
10. In Switzerland, it’s very important to be on time.
it用作形式主语，代替了真正的主语to be 这一不定式，不定式可以作主语，但往往用it作形式主语来代替。
To help others is good when they are in trouble.
It’s good to help others when they are in trouble.
11. We are the land of watches, after all.
after all 毕竟，终究
He succeeded after all.
12. Also, we never visit friend’s house without calling first.
without 是介词，后接名词或动名词，是“没有”之意，与with是反义词
Can you do it without any help?
He left without saying goodbye.
13. We usually make plans to see friends.
make a plan / plans to do 计划做…
We made a plan to go hiking yesterday.
We have made plans for the holidays.
plan还可以作为动词来用，如计划做某事，可以用plan to do sth / plan on doing sth
We’re planning to visit Tibet this summer.
Don’t plan on visiting Beijing in winter, because it’s too windy and cold.
14. Point at anyone with your chopsticks. 用筷子指着别人。
point…at…瞄准，对着
He is pointing his finger at me.
point…to…指向
The hour hand pointed to twelve.
15. They go out of their way to make me at home.
go out of one’s way to do sth 特意（花时间，心血）做某事，故意做某事
He went out his way to help me.
make sb be/feel at home使某人感觉像在家一样
make sb adj /do
Her smile made me feel at home.
16. Although I still make lots of mistakes, it doesn’t bother me like it used to.
尽管我经常犯一些错，但它不像过去那样困扰我了。
make lots of mistakes 犯许多错
bother 打扰，烦扰
Don’t bother your father, he is working.
used to do 过去常常，强调过去的习惯动作，而现在不那样了
Life isn’t so easy here like it used to be.
17. I thought that was pretty strange at first, but now I’m used to it.
be used to sth/doing sth 习惯于，适应于
I’m not used to speaking like that.
This machine is used to clean the windows.
This machine is used for cleaning the windows.
18. You’re not supposed to eat anything with your hands expect bread, not even fruit!
expect除……之外,但不包括在内，介词
I get up early expect Sunday.
besides 除…之外，还有…
Nobody was late except me.
Five others are late besides me.
19. I have to say, I find it difficult to remember everything, but I’m gradually getting used to things, and don’t find them so strange any more.
find it difficult to do sth 发现做某事很难
it 作形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式to do sth
He finds it difficult to stop smoking.
get used to sth/doing = be used to sth/doing
20. make an appointment/appointments with sb 与某人约会
21. Questions crowded my head. 问题充满了我的大脑。
crowd 动词，挤满，使……充满
Shoppers crowded the street.
crowded 形容词，拥挤的 a crowded street
22. Was I supposed to start at the outside and work in or the inside and work out?
我是应该先从外面开始依次向里用，还是从里面开始依次向外用？
Reading
23. And can you also write e-mail English? Maybe not.
你也会写e-mail English吗？也许不。
Maybe not = Maybe you can not.
Maybe yes 也许是，也许可以，也许能。
24. E-mail English is a new kind of written English that is being used to save time.
that is being used to save time是定语从句，做written English的定语
is being used是现在进行时的被动语态形式
E-mail English是用来节省时间的一种新的书面英语。
25. A lot of e-mail English words might look unfamiliar to us…
大量的e-mail English 可能对我们来说看起来很熟悉。
be familiar/unfamiliar to sb 对某人来说（不）熟悉
This name is so familiar to me.
look familiar/unfamiliar to sb 看起来对某人来说（不）熟悉
26. This is because they come from a computer program called ICQ, which means I seek you.
这是因为它来自于一种被叫做ICQ的电脑程序，意思是I seek you.
because they…引导的是表语从句
called ICQ called过去分词做定语后置，修饰program
which means 是非限定性定语从句，代词which代表ICQ
27. ICQ is an e-mail “chatline” that people use to have online conversation with friends.
that people use to…是定语从句，做定语修饰chatline
ICQ是人们用来和朋友聊天的网上交流服务。
28. It’s created by combining letters and symbols, or numbers, to sound like other words.
它是通过字母，符号或数字的组合创造出来的，而听起来却像其他的词。
29. You are also supposed to use them to show the emotion you are feeling.
you are feeling是定语从句，修饰emotion
你也可以用它们来表现你的感受。
【模拟试题】（答题时间：60分钟）
一、请你用所给词的适当形式完成下列句子。
1. You are ______ (suppose) to shake hands when you meet a Chinese friend.
2. Keep your eyes ______(close) when you are doing eye exercises.
3. A knife is _____ (use) for _______(cut) things.
4. Trees can keep water from _______ (run) away.
5. Do you still remember______(see) me somewhere in Beijing ?
6. Everything was ______( familiar ) with me because I was in Japan for the first time?
7. Though you failed this time, don’t give up______ (study) .You still have a lot of chances.
8. ________ ( spend ) time with family and friends is very important.
9. Remember ________(turn off) the light when you leave the room.
10. People are pretty _______( relax ) about time in Colombia.
二、运用基础知识，完成下列句子。
A. make noise while eating
B. point at others with chopstick
C. say hello to others
D. wipe your mouth after dinner
E. talk loudly at the table
F. kiss or shake hands
G. meet without saying anything
H. arrive too late
I. shake hands when you first meet someone
J. eat while walking in the street
1. It’s rude to ______________________________________________________________.
2. It’s polite to _____________________________________________________________.
三、选择正确答案。
( ) 1. - Will you come to the dinner party?
- I will not come until Jenny __________.
A. will be invited B. can be invited
C. invited D. is invited
( ) 2. John _______ Beijing the day before yesterday.
A. arrived at B. arrived C. reached to D. arrived in
( ) 3.In Switzerland, people ________ visit a friend’s house.
A. make plans B. make plans to
C. makes plans to D. make a plan
( ) 4. It’s too hot. Do you mind ______ the window?
A. my closing B. my opening C. open D. close
( ) 5.She ______Shanghai next week.
A. is leaving for B. leaves for C. leaved D. left
( ) 6.What are you nervous _____, Mary?
A. in B. at C. on D. about
( ) 7.We go to school every day _____ Saturday and Sunday.
A. beside B. besides C. except D. except for
( ) 8.Yang Liwei is proud ____ his motherland.
A. in B. of C. from D. for
( ) 9. I find ________ difficult to remember everything, though I’m still young.
A. that B. this C. it D. what
( )10.He _____ in his English Test Paper. His teacher was very angry with him.
A. makes some mistakes B. make a mistake
C. made few mistakes D. made many mistakes
四、选择填空
When you wave to a friend, you are using sign language. When you smile at someone, you mean to be _1_ when you put one finger in front of your _2_, you mean, “Be quiet.”
Yet, people in different countries may use different sign language. Once an Englishman was in Italy. He could _3_ a little Italian. One day while he was walking in the street, he felt 4 and went into a restaurant. When the waiter came, the Englishman 5 his mouth, put his fingers into it and took them out again and moved his lips. In this way, he 6 to say, “Bring me something to eat.” But the waiter brought him a lot of things to 7 , first tea, then coffee, then milk, but no food. The Englishman was sorry that he was not able to tell the waiter he was hungry. He was 8 to leave the restaurant when another man came in and put his hands on his stomach. And this sign was 9 enough for the waiter. In a few minutes, the waiter brought him a large plate of bread and meat. 10 the Englishman had his meal in the same way.
1. A. well B. friendly C. fine D. careful
2. A. eyes B. legs C. mouth D. head
3. A. write B. read C. say D. speak
4. A. hungry B. tired C. cold D. ill
5. A. pointed to B. reached for C. touched D. opened
6. A. needed B. meant C. decided D. had
7. A. eat B. watch C. drink D. read
8. A. ready B. sure C. again D. afraid
9. A. quick B. big C. strong D. clear
10. A. At once B. At last C. At first D. At times
五、阅读理解
(A)
Dinner customs (习惯) are different around the world. If you are a guest in Ghana(加纳), this information will help you a lot.
In Ghana, dinner is usually from four in the afternoon to six in the evening. But there are no strict rules (规则) about time. Whenever a guest arrives, a family offers food. When you go to a home, the person who receives guests takes you to the living room first. At this time everyone welcomes you. Then you go to the dinning room. There you wash your hands in a bowl of water. All the food is on the table.
In Ghana you usually eat with your fingers. You eat from the same dish as everyone else .But you eat from one side of the dish only. It is not polite to get food from the other side of the dish. After dinner, you wash your hands again in a bowl of water.
Most meals in Ghana have a dish called fufu. People in Ghana make fufu from the powder(粉末) of some plants. Sometimes they cut the fufu with a saw(锯子) because it is very hard. You must chew(咀嚼) fufu well, or you may get sick. You eat fufu with the fingers of your right hand only.
( ) 1.From the passage we know that in Ghana ______________.
A. the rules for dinner time are not strict
B. dinner is always at six in the evening
C. a family offers food only at four in the afternoon
D. people usually invite their guests to dinner late in the evening
( ) 2.If you are a dinner guest in Ghana, the host (主人) always takes you to _______.
A. the dining room first B. the living room first
C. the kitchen first D. the garden first
( ) 3.People in Ghana usually eat ________.
A. from one side of a dish to the other
B. from the other side of the dish
C. with their fingers
D. with their spoons
( ) 4.In fact, most dishes in Ghana _______.
A. are cooked with the powder of some plants
B. have fufu in them
C. are too hard to eat
D. are not very hard
( ) 5.When you eat fufu, you’d better _________.
A. cut it with a saw B. use your right hand only
C. chew it well D. all of the above
(B)
In western countries, especially in America, some social customs have lasted still today. For example, ladies first, that is to say, women in those countries are respected in many ways.
In the U.S. and Europe, you will see men usually open doors for women and women generally walk ahead of men into a room or a restaurant unless the man have to be ahead of the ladies to choose the table, to open the door of a car or to give other services. On the street, men almost walk or across the street on the side of the ladies which is closer to traffic, but if a man walks with two ladies, he should walk between them.
( ) 1. In this passage “customs” refers to _______.
A. what a group of people usually do
B. what people in western countries do
C. what people in eastern countries do
D. what people in United States do
( ) 2. When you address a group of people in English, you will probably begin with _______.
A. men and women B. women and men
C. gentlemen and ladies D. ladies and gentlemen
( ) 3. In which country people may think it strange that men should open doors for women?
A. England. B. Italy. C. Japan. D. Germany.
( ) 4. Which of the following statements is not true?
A. In Europe, a man generally follows a woman when they enter a restaurant together.
B. In America a man who walks ahead of a women always gives services.
C. In the U.S., women almost always walk closer to the running cars.
D. In the U.S. men should always walk by the side of the ladies.
( ) 5. Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of this passage?
A. In western countries, some social customs have lasted till today.
B. Women in western countries are respected in many ways.
C. Men usually open doors for women in the U.S. as well as in Europe.
D. Men show respect for women by giving them good services.
六、书面表达
假设你是小明，将有一名美国的中学生Tom来你家做客，并住上两天，请你向这位首次来中国访问的外国客人介绍一些中国的日常礼仪。（如：见面礼，餐桌礼仪等等。）
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考句型：
We are supposed to…/ We are not supposed to
We should / shouldn’t…
It’s polite/ rude to…
We are allowed to…/ We aren’t allowed to…
We can/ could/ can’t/ couldn’t…
【试题答案】
一、1. supposed 2. closed 3. used, cutting 4. running 5. seeing
6. unfamiliar 7. studying 8. Spending 9. to turn off 10. relaxed
二、1. A B E G H J 2. C D F I
三、1-5 DDBBA 6-10 DCBCD
四、1-5 BCDAD 6-10 BCADB
五、A: ABCDD B: ADCCB
六、Answers will vary.