Unit 3 Understanding each other
教学目标：
1.知识与技能 通过阅读聊天室的对话，使学生体会不同国家的文化、风俗习惯，理解课文。
学习虚拟语气的用法，培养英语语言的综合运用能力。
2.学习策略 围绕文化差异这一话题，对东西方文化进行对比，了解和文化有关的词汇、句式。
3.情感态度与价值观 通过对不同文化的了解，增强我们的跨文化交际意识，从中获得一定的生活体验。
Language Points: <<Welcome to the Unit>>
1. below:
(1) adv. at or to a lower level, position or place 在或向较低处
She looked down from the mountain to the valley below. 她从山上看下面的山谷.
(2) adv. under the surface 在地下
.The captain told the sailors to go below. 船长吩咐海员们到下面去。
(3) prep. lower than; under 在…下;低于
Children below the age of 16 are not allowed to enter. 十六岁以下的孩子不允许进去.
2. following:
(1) adj. next (to be mentioned) 随后的.
The child was sick in the evening, but on the following day he seemed well again.
这个孩子晚上生病了,但第二天似乎又好了
(2) prep. after an event or as a result of 在…之后
Following the speech, there will be a few minutes for questions.
演讲之后将会有几分钟的时间提问题.
3. touch: V. [T]
(1) be or come together with sth. else) so that there is no space between 接触,触及
One of the branches was touching the water. 其中的一根树枝触及水面.
(2) make (sb./sb’s feelings) sympathetic or sad 感动(某人); 触动(某人的感情)
We were all deeply touched by his tragic experience. 我们都被他的悲剧性的经历深深地打动了.
touch用作名词的相关短语:
get in touch with 与…取得联系 keep in touch with 与…保持联系
lose touch with 与…失去联系 out of touch with 与…不联系
<<Reading>>
I: Brainstorming
1. Do you have E-pals or relatives in foreign countries?
2. What do you know about their life?
3. Have you ever misunderstood all their behaviors?
4. How can you understand their culture better?
II. Read the passage carefully and fill the table.
People from different countries Different situations Different reactions
The American/ the British
About Thanks-giving
The American: talk much about Thanksgiving
the British: know nothing about it
The American/ the British
About presents
The American open it when receiving it while the British not
The British/the Italian
About the wedding
The guests give presents to the newly-weds in the UK while it is opposite in Italy
People from Brunei/ people in some other countries
Pointing to others People in Brunei point with their thumb while
others with their first finger
People from Brunei/the British
About the wedding
Men and women sit in different area in Brunei and with no alcohol in the wedding
III Language Points：
1.accumulate: V. [T or I] (1) gradually get or gather together an increasing number or quantity of sth. 积累,聚集
e.g. By investing wisely she accumulates a fortune. 通过英明的投资,她积累了一笔财富.
(2)increase in number or quality 增加
Dust or dirt soon accumulate if a house is not cleaned regularly.
如果房子不正常打扫,尘埃很快堆积.
2. topic: N.[C]
a subject which is discussed, written about or studied:
Our discussion ranged over various topics, such as acid rain and the hole in the ozone layer.
我们的讨论范围涉及各种各样的话题, 如酸雨及臭氧层的洞.
注意比较: theme: N. [C]
the main subject of a talk, book, film, etc. or a short, simple tune on which a piece of music is based: 主题
The theme of loss runs through most of his novels. 失落的主题贯穿着他的小说的大部分.
title (NAME): N. [C]
the name of a film, book, painting, piece of music, etc: 题目
Evelyn Waugh‘s的第一部小说的题目是'Decline and Fall'.
The title of Evelyn Waugh's first novel was 'Decline and Fall'.
3. all the time: 一直
The letter I was searching for was in my pocket all the time. 我刚才在寻找的信一直在我的口袋里.
相关短语:
at all times 随时; 永远 at one time 一度; 从前at a time 每次; 依次 at the time 在那时
at times 有时; 间或 behind time 迟, 晚ahead of time 提前 for the time being 暂且
ahead of time 提前 for the time being 暂且in time 及时; 迟早,最后 once upon a time 从前
on time 准时 take one’s time 慢慢来
4. get excited: (变得)兴奋起来
He got excited when he heard the news. 当他听到这个消息的时候变得兴奋起来.
Note:（1）get+ p.p. 使自己处于某种状态和情况；或表被动意义。如：
get dressed 穿上 get married 结婚 get burnt 烧伤，晒黑了 get paid 得以付钱
get drunk 喝醉酒 get started 开始
（2）get + adj. 表示达到某种状态或情况
get well/bored/hungry/worried/fat/fit/cold, etc.
高考链接
----Can the project be finished as planned?
----Sure,______ it completed in time, we’ll work two more hours a day.
A. having got B. to get C. getting D. get Key: (B)
5. come to:
(1) to reach a particular point or state: 达到某种情况或状态
His hair comes right down to his shoulders. 他的头发刚好到他的肩.
The war had just come to an end (= ended). 战争刚刚结束.
(2) to be a particular total when numbers or amounts are added together: 共计为某数，等于某数
That comes to 25. 那总计25英镑.
(3) If you come to a decision, arrangement etc., you make a decision or decide what to think about something: 达成；得到结果
We haven't come to a decision on the matter yet. 关于这件事,我们还没有决定呢.
Have you come to any conclusions about the story yet? 关于这个故事你得出结论了吗?
4) To become conscious again after an accident or operation: 苏醒，复苏
Has he come to yet ? 他醒过来了吗？
(5) If a thought or idea comes to you, you suddenly remember or start to think about it:
I can't remember his name - it'll come to me in a minute.
我现在记不起他的名字，一会儿后我会想起来的.
高考链接
Most of us know we should cut down on fat, but knowing such things isn’t much help when it ______ shopping and eating. (2006天津)
A. refers to B. speaks of C. focuses on D. comes to Key. D
6. suppose: verb (1) [T] to think that something is likely to be true:
Do you suppose (that) Mary will marry him? 你认为玛丽会和他结婚吗?
We all supposed him to be German, but in fact he was Swiss.
我们都认为他是一个德国人,但实际上他是一个瑞士人.
Her new book is supposed to be
(= generally people think it is) very good. 她的新书被认为很不错.
He is supposed to be here before 5 o’clock. 他应该五点前到这儿.
2) [+(that)] used in making polite requests:
I don’t supposed (that) you could / I suppose you couldn’t lend me $5 till tomorrow, could you?
Note: be supposed to 相当于should
7. celebrate: verb [I or T] to take part in special enjoyable activities in order to show that a particular
occasion is important:
We always celebrate our wedding anniversary by going out to dinner.
我们总是出去吃饭来庆祝结婚周年纪念日.
celebration noun [C or U] a special social event, such as a party, when you celebrate something, or the act of celebrating something:
Such good news calls for (= deserves) a celebration!
注意比较: celebrate表“庆祝”，宾语是事，即后接sth. 其名词构成的词组为：have/hold a celebration(举行庆祝会)in celebration of…（为了庆祝…）congratulate表“祝贺”其宾语是受到祝贺的人，可组成短语congratulate sb. on sth./doing… 名词congratulation可构成短语 congratulations to sb. on sth./doing…
8. expect: verb [T] (1) to think or believe something will happen, or someone will arrive:
We are expecting a lot of applicants for the job. 我们正期待着很多的申请这份工作的人呢.
I expect (that) you'll find it somewhere in your bedroom. 我预计你会在卧室的某个地方找到它.
他没有预料到会看见我. He didn't expect to see me.
(2) to think that someone should behave in a particular way or do a particular thing:
I expect punctuality from my students. 我期望我的学生准时.
Borrowers are expected to (= should) return books on time. 借书的人应该准时还书.
expected adjective [before noun] expectation noun
(1) [C usually plural] when you expect good things to happen in the future:
The holiday lived up to all our expectations (= was as good as we were expecting).
这个假期没有辜负我们的期望.
We did so well - beyond all (= better than)our expectations.
我们干得如此出色-超出我们所有人的预料.
(2) [C or U] when you expect something to happen:
Our expectations are that the UK will cut its interest . 我们预计英国会降低利息.
高考链接
When he turned professional at the age of 11, Mike _____ to become a world champion by his coach and parents. (2006上海)
A. expected B. was expecting C. was expected D. would be expected
Key: C
9. clarify: verb [T] (1)to make something clear or easier to understand by giving more details or a simpler explanation: (使某事物)清楚易懂； 澄清
Could you clarify the first point please? I don't understand it completely.
你能把第一点解释一下吗? 我没有完全地理解.
(2) to remove water and unwanted substances from fat, such as butter, by heating it
除去---的杂质
clarification noun [C or U] clarified adjective
10. participate: verb [I] to take part in or become involved in an activity: 参加
She never participates in any of our discussions, does she? 她从来不参加我们的讨论,是吗?
participation noun [U] when you take part or become involved in something
participant noun [C] a person who takes part in or becomes involved in a particular activity
11. take off:
(1) to remove something, especially clothes:
He took off his clothes and got into the bath. 他脱掉衣服进入浴缸.
(2) If an aircraft, bird or insect takes off, it leaves the ground and begins to fly: 起飞
The plane took off at 8.30 a.m. 飞机是上午8:30起飞的.
(3) to suddenly start to be successful or popular: （指观念、产品等）突然大受欢迎，急升
Her singing career had just begun to take off. 她的唱歌事业刚刚开始腾飞。
take短语归纳:
take away 除掉, 带走 take back 收回 take down 取下, 拆除, 记下
take in 吸取, 理解, 欺骗 take on 呈现, 接纳 take over 接管, 管理
take up 举起, 拿起 占据, 从事 take out 取出
13. …….,it’s time for me to log off,…..(P35) 我要下线了。
log in/on phrasal verb to connect a computer to a computer system by typing your name, so that you can start working: 注册，登记
Log on using your name and password. 用你的名字和密码登录.
log off/out phrasal verb to stop a computer being connected to a computer system, usually when you want to stop working: 下线，退出，注销
IV Useful Phrases:
1. an Internet chat room conversation 一个网络聊天室谈话
2.. show…..around 向……. 展示
3.talk about different cultures, traditions and taboos 谈论有关不同的文化、传统和禁忌的内容
4. write a letter of apology 写一封道谦信
5.come from 来自
6.do one’s homework on cultural differences 完成一个有关文化差异方面的家庭作业
7.go online to chat to others 上网与他人谈论
8.experience cultural differences 体验文化差异
9. all the time 总是
10. native English teachers
11.have unbelievable differences in sth. 在某方面有着令人难以置信的差异
12.get excited 感到兴奋
13. come to this topic 谈到这个话题
14. do with 处理，对付，与----有关
15.at the end-of-term ceremony 在期末典礼上
16.be different from 与----不同
17.be expected to do sth. 应该做某事
18.remember the big day 记住这个重要的日子
19.have a huge banquet 大办筵席
20.participate in 参加 21.adjust to doing sth. 适应做某事
22.take off 脱掉 23.log off 下线
24. appropriate behaviour 恰当的行为方式 25.after all 毕竟
Unit 3 Grammar and usage
Unreal conditionals 虚拟语气中的非真实条件句
一、语气的定义和种类
l、语气：语气是动词的一种形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。
2、语气的种类：
(1)陈述语气: 表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。如：We are not ready. 我们没准备好。What a fine day it is!多好的天气啊!
(2)祈使语气: 表示说话人的建议、请求、邀请、命令等。如: Open the door, please。请打开门。
(3)虚拟语气: 表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。如: If I were you, I should study English. 如果我是你，我就学英语了。May you succeed! 祝您成功！
二、虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法
条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句，一类是虚拟条件句。如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件何。在这种真实条件句中的谓语用陈述语气。如: If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. 如果明天不下雨，我们就去公园。
如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。如: If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 如果他昨天见到你，他会问你这件事的。(事实上他昨天没见到你，因此也未能问你这件事。)
在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。现将虚拟条件从句和主句的动词形式列表如下:
从 句 主 句
与现在事实相反 动词的过去式（be的过去式一般用were） would/ should/ could/ might + 动词原形
与过去事实相反 had + 过去分词 would/ should/ could/ might + have + 过去分词
与将来事实相反 动词过去式，should + 动词原形，were to + 动词原形 would/ should/ could/ might + 动词原形
注: 主句中的should只用于I、we，但在美国英语中，should常被would代替；从句中的should 可用于各种人称。
l、表示与现在事实相反的假设和结果。如: If my brother were here, everything would be all right. 要是我哥哥在这儿 ，一切都没问题了。
2、表示与过去事实相反的假设和结果。如: If you had taken my advice，you wouldn't (couldn’t) have failed in the exam. 如果你按照我的建议去做，你一定不会(不可能)考试不及格。
3、表示与将来事实可能相反的假设和结果。如: If it were Sunday tomorrow, I should (would，could，might) go to see my grandmother. 如果明天是星期天，我就 (可能)去看望我奶 奶。If it were to snow this evening, they would not go out. 如果今晚下雪，他们将不出去了。
4、有时条件从句中的动作和主句中的动作发生的时间不一致（表示错综时间的虚拟语气），这时动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间加以调整。例如: If you had listened to the doctor, you would be all right now. 如果你当初听了医生的话，身体现在就好了。(从句动作指过去，主句动作指现在)
5、虚拟条件句可以转换成下列形式:
(l)省略连词if。在书面语中，如果虚拟条件从句中有were，had 或 should，可以把if省略，把这几个词放到主语之前，构成主谓倒装。例如: Should he come (If he should come), tell him to ring me up. 他要是来了，让他给我打个电话。Were I you (If I were you), I would not do it. 我要是你，就不做这事。
(2)用介词短语代替条件状语从句。有时假设的情况并不用条件从句表示出来，而是通过介词短语来表示。如: Without air (If there were not air), there would be no living things. 如果没有空气的话，就不会有生物了。But for your help (If it hadn’t been for your help) I couldn’t have done it. 要是没有你的帮助，我就不可能完成这件事。
假设的情况有时可以通过上下文或其他方式表现出来。如: I was busy that day. Otherwise I would have gone there with them. (If I hadn’t been busy that day, I would have gone there with them.) 我那天很忙，否则，我就和他们一起去那儿了。(如果我那天不忙的话，我就……)；I would have finished the work, but I have been ill. (If I hadn’t been ill, I would have finished the work.) 我本来该完成这项工作的，但我生病了。(如果我没生病的话，我就会完成……)
6、省去条件从句或主句：表示虚拟语气的主句或从句有时可以省略，但其含义仍可以推知。
(1)省去条件从句。如: You could have washed your clothes yourself. 你本可以自已洗衣服的。省去了"If you had wanted to")(事实是:你自己没洗衣服，因为你不想洗。)
(2)省去主句(常用以表示愿望)。如: If my grandmother were with me! 如果我的祖母与我在一起多好啊!(事实是:祖母已不在世。)；If only she had not left! 如果她没走就好了!(事实是:她已经走了。)
三、虚拟语气的其他用法
l、虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法：在"It is important (strange，natural，necessary)that…"这类句型里，that所引导的主语从句中的谓语动词常用 “should十动词原形”结构，表示某事是"重要"、"奇怪"、"自然"、"必要"等意义。如: It is important that every member (should) inform himself of these rules. 重要的是每个成员知道这些规则。
2、虚拟语气在宾语从句中用法：
(1)在动词wish后的宾语从句中，表示与现在或过去的事实相反，或对将来的主观愿望，从句通常省略连词that。1)表示对现在情况的虚拟:从句动词用过去式或过去进行式(be动词一般用were)。如: I wish I knew the answer to the question. 我希望知道这个问题的答案。(可惜不知道)；2）表示对过去情况的虚拟:从句动词常用"had十过去分词"。如: I wish (wished) I hadn’t spent so much money. 我后悔不该花那么多钱。(实际上已经花掉)；3)表示对将来的主观愿望:谓语动词形式为"would十动词原形"。此时要注意，主句的主语与从句的主语不能相同，因为主句的主语所期望的从句动作能否实现，取决于从句主语的态度或意愿(非动物名词除外)。如: I wish it would stop raining. 但愿雨能停止；I wish you would come soon. 但愿你立刻来。
(2) 在动词一个坚持（insist）；两个命令（order，demand）;三个建议(advise, suggest, propose);四项要求（demand, require, request, ask）,等后面的宾语从句中用“(should)+动词原形”.例如:
We suggested that we (should) have a meeting.
We insisted that they (should) go with us.
The doctor ordered that she (should) stay in bed for a few days.
He demanded that we (should) start right away.
注意:insist作“力言”, “强调”解时,宾语从句不用虚拟语气,只有当insist作 “坚持(认为)”, “坚持(应该)”解时宾语从句才用虚拟语气.例如:
Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything.
3、虚拟语气在状语从句中的用法
(1)在带有even if/ even though引导的让步状语从句的主从复合句中，主句和从句都用虚拟语气，动词形式与含有非真实条件句的虚拟语气相同。如: Even if he had been ill, he would have gone t his office. 即使生了病，他俩去办公室。
(2)由as if或as though引导的状语从句表示比较或方式时。从句谓语形式为动词的过去式(be用were)或 “had十过去分词”。如: He treated me as if I were a stranger. 他那样对待我，好像我是陌
生人似的。She talked about the film as if she had really seen it. 她谈论那部影片，就好像她确实看过一样。
注:如果表示的事情可能会发生，那么方式状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。
(3)在in order that或so that引导的目的状语从句中，谓语动词多用 “could或might（有时也用should）+ 动词原形”。如: Mr green spoke slowly so that his students could (might) hear clearly. 格林先生说得很慢，好让学生听清楚。
4、虚拟语气在定语从句中的用法：在"It is time (that) …"句型中，定语从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气表示将来，动词形式一般用过去式，意思是"该干某事的时候了"。如: It’s (high) time we did our homework. 我们该做作业了。
5、虚拟语气在简单句中的用法
(1)情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时，表示说话人的谦虚、客气、有礼貌，或委婉的语气，常见于日常会话中。如: It would be better for you not to stay up too late. 你最好别太晚睡觉。
(2)在一些习惯表达中。如: I would rather not tell you. 我宁愿不告诉你。
(3)用“may + 动词原形”表示"祝愿"、"但愿”，此时may须置于句首（多用于正式文体中）。如：May you be happy!祝你快乐！May good luck be yours.祝你顺利。
练习、虚拟语气
1. If I ____ where he lived, I ____ a note to him.
A. knew, would B. had known, would have sent
C. know, would send D. knew, would have sent
2. If they ____ earlier than expected, they ____ here now.
A. had started, would be B. started, might be
C. had started, would have been D. will start, might have been
3. I didn’t know his telephone number. ____ it, I ____ then.
A. Had I known, would ring him up B. Should I know, would have rung him up
C. If I knew; would ring him up D. Had I known; would have rung him up
4. Mary is ill today. If she _____ , she ____ absent from school.
A. were not ill; wouldn' t be B. had been ill; wouldn't have been
C. had been ill; should have been D. hadn't been ill; could be
5. Were I to do it, I ________ it some other way.
A. will do B. would do C. would have done D. were to do
6. I ________ him the answer ________ possible, but I was so busy then.
A. could tell; if it had been B. must have told; were it
C. should have told; had it been D. should have told; should it be
7. Without your help, we________ so much.
A. won ' t achieve B. didn ' t achieve
C. don't achieve D. wouldn't have achieved
8. You didn't take his advice. ________ his advice, you ________ such a mistake.
A. Had you taken; wouldn't have made B. If you had taken; would make
C. Were you lo take; shouldn t have made D. Have you taken; won t have made
9. We wish we ____ what you did when we were at high school.
A. did B. could have done C. have done D. should do
10. She wishes she ____ to the theatre last night.
A. went B. would go C. had gone D. were going
11. Tom is very short now. His mother wishes that he ________ be tall when he grows up.
A. could B. should C. would D. were able to
12. My sister advised me that I ________ accept the invitation.
A. could B. must C. should D. might
13. He asks that he ________ an opportunity to explain why he’s refused to go there.
A. is given B. must give C. should give D. be given
14. Do you think of Wang Fang's suggestion that he ________ Mr. Li to the party?
A. will invite B. have invited C. is invited D. invite
15. I insisted that he ________ at once.
A. be gone B. go C. would go D. might go
16. Li Ming insisted that he ________ anything at all.
A. hadn ' t stolen B. shouldn ' t steal C. doesn ' t steal D. steal
17. It is quite natural that my coming late again ________ them very angry.
A. had made B. would make C. makes D. make
18. He acted as if he ________ everything in the world.
A. knew B. knows C. has known D. won't know
19. Read it aloud so that I ________ you clearly.
A. may hear B. will hear C. hear D. have heard
20. They got up early in order that they ________ they first train.
A. caught B. will catch C. might catch D. shall catch
21. I am sorry that he ________ in such poor health.
A. are B. shall be C. were D. should be
22. That is a good book. You ________ it yesterday.
A. could buy B. should buy C. should have bought D. bought
23. It is high time we ________ home.
A. will go B. would go C. have gone D. went
24. I ' d rather that you ________ home.
A. went B. have gone C. will go D. had gone
25. If only I _________ to the lecture!
A. listen B. will listen C. am listening D. had listened
26. ---- If he_____ , he ______ that food.
---- Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.
A. was warned; would not take B. had been warned; would not have taken
C. would be warned; had not taken D. would have been warned; had not taken
27.I didn' t see your sister at the meeting. If she _________, she would have met my brother.
A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come
28. Without electricity, human life ________ quite different today.
A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be
29. He ________ you more help, even though he was very busy.
A. might have given B. might give C. may have given D. may give
30. If city noises _______ from increasing, people _______ shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now.
A. are not kept; will have to B. are not kept; have to
C. do not keep; will have to D. do not keep; have to
31. Mike's father, as well as his mother, insisted that he ________ home.
A. stayed B. could stay C. has stayed D. stay
32. Mr. Smith insisted that he ________ the work all.
A. had done B. have done C. did D. so
33. Jane would never have gone to the party ________ that Mary would come to see her.
A. has she known B. had she known C'. if she know D. if she has known
34. If you had enough money, what ________ ?
A. will you buy B. would you buy
C. would you have bought D. will you have bought
35. If you ________ that film late last night, you wouldn't be so sleepy.
A. didn't see B. haven't seen C. wouldn’t have seen D. hadn’t seen
36. Our monitor requested that ________.
A. all the class studied more carefully the problem
B. the problem was more carefully studied
C. with great care the problem could be studied
D. all the class study the problem more carefully
37. ---- Would you have called her up had it been possible?
---- Yes, but I ________. busy doing my homework..
A. was B. were C. had been D. would be
38. His tired face suggested that he ________ really tired after the long walk.
A. had been B. was C. be D. should be
39. It is important that we ________.
A. shall close the window before we leave B. will close the window before we leave
C. must close the window before we leave D. close the window before we leave
40. I didn't know his telephone number, otherwise I ______ him.
A. had telephoned B. would telephone
C. would have telephoned D. telephone
Keys: 1~5 BADAB 6~10 CDABC 11~15 CCDDB 16~20 ADAAC
21~25 DCDAD 26~30 BDDAA 31~35 DABBD 36~40 DABDC
II. Translation:
1. 如果你听了医生的话，你早就恢复健康了。
If you had listened to the doctor, you would have already recovered.
2．如果没有虚拟语气，英语将容易多了。
If there were no subjunctive mood, English would be much easier.
3．如果她更加努力的话，她就成功了。
If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded.
4．万一他不来，你将代替他。
Should he not come, you would take his place.
5． 如果我是你，我将不回这个电话。
If I were you, I wouldn't return the call.
6. 如果我的女儿不忙的话， 她将会来帮助你。
Were my daughter not so busy , she would come to help you .
Unit 3 Project Making a reference book
I: Survey
(1) How many ethnic groups do we have in China?
(2) Do you know any different cultures and customs between these groups?
(3) What about the ethnic groups in other countries in the world?
(4) If you are to do some research on the cultures, traditions, customs and way of life of different minorities, which minority group will you focus on?
(5) Do you know where you can find the information you need?
II: Reading
Scan and skim the four tours to find out in which countries these ethnic groups live. Canada, Australia, New Zealand, the USA
III: Analysis Read the travel brochure and finish the table below:
Ethnic group In which country What to eat Where to live Specific events
Inuit Canada animals, birds and fish igloos or tents have large summer gathering
Aborigines Australia food from the bush like lizards and snakes have Aboriginal ceremonies, play the didgeridoos and use boomerangs
Maoris New Zealand fish and sweet potatoes wooden houses do a dance called the Haka, cook in underground ovens and go night fishing
American Indians the USA Buffaloes roasted over an open fire teepees wear buffalo skin clothes and feather headdresses, do the Sun Dance and hold a bow and arrow competition
IV: Language points
1. gather: 1) verb [T] to collect or obtain several things, often from different places or people
I went to several libraries to gather information about the scheme.
我去了几家图书馆搜集关于这个计划的信息。
2) verb [I] When people or animals gather, they come together in a group:
A crowd had gathered to hear her speak. 人群聚集到一起听她演讲。
gathering noun [C]
There will be a gathering of world leaders in Vienna next month.
下个月世界领袖将在维也纳集中.
gather (up) strength/courage: to prepare to make a great effort to be strong or brave:
I spent a week gathering the courage to say no. 我花了一个星期才鼓气起勇气说不。
2. feast: noun (1)[C] a special meal with very good food or a large meal for many people
a wedding feast 婚宴
(2) [S] a very enjoyable experience for the senses, especially a visual or musical experience:
His food is a feast for the eyes as well as the palate. 他做的事物既好吃有好看。
3. swap: verb [I or T] to give something and be given something else instead; to exchange:
We swapped addresses with the people we met on holiday.
我们和度假碰到的人们互换地址。
I'll swap you my chocolate bar for your peanuts. 我将用巧克力和你换花生。
4. take part in: to be involved in an activity with other people:
She doesn't usually take part in any of the class activities. 她通常不参加班级活动。
比较take part in, join in, join与attend:
take part in 指参加有组织的，严肃，重大的活动。
join in 指参加正在进行着的活动或游戏等，有时可与take part in换用。
Join指参加团体或组织，成为其中的一个成员，也可用于join sb.（与某人一起）。
attend 相当于be present at意为“出席，参加”
It's a great club. Why don't you join? 这是个很棒的俱乐部，你为什么不加入呢？
We only need one more player for this game - can you persuade your sister to join in?
这场比赛我们还需要一个队员， 你为什么不劝你姐姐参加呢？
We hope that everyone will attend the meeting. 我们希望每个人都将参加这个会议。
5. account: noun [C] a written or spoken description of an event:
He kept a detailed account of the suspect's movements.
他对这个疑犯的新动做了详细的描述。
on account of sth ; because of something:
He doesn't drink alcohol on account of his health. 由于健康的缘故，他不喝酒。
on your account
I'm not very hungry so please don't cook on my account.
我不是很饿，因此请不要因为我而烧饭。
on no account
Employees must on no account make personal telephone calls from the office.
雇员们决不允许在办公室打私人电话。
6. power: 1) noun [U] ability to control people and events:
I've no power over him - he does what he wants to.
我对他没有控制权--他做他想做的事。
2) the amount of political control a person or group has in a country:
How long has the Conservative Party been in power? 保守党当权多久了？
3) noun [U] a natural skill or an ability to do something:
The surgeon did everything in her power to save him.
这个外科医生做了他所能做的一切来拯救他。
4) noun [U] strength:
The economic power of many Asian countries has grown dramatically in recent years.
许多亚洲国家的经济力量最近几年得到了戏剧性的增长。
powerful adjective having a lot of power:
The President is more powerful than the Prime Minister. 这个总统比首相权力大。
powerless adjective having no power:
The villagers are powerless against the armed invaders. 这些村民门无力反抗武装入侵者。
V: Useful phrases
Word Power
1.borrow from 向。。。借 2. a number of 许多
3.be connected with 与。。。。有联系 4. be linked to 与。。。有关
5. at weddings in the West 在西方的婚礼上 6. as strong as a horse 非常强壮
7.as busy as a bee 忙忙碌碌 8.as poor as a church mouse 非常穷
9.as cool as a cucumber 非常冷静、沉着 10.to sleep like a log 酣睡
Project
1.different ways of life 不同的生活方式 2. Ethnic Experience Tours 民族风情体验之旅
3.different minority cultures 不同的少数民族文化 4. experience for oneself 亲身体验
5.have the chance/opportunity to do sth. 有机会做某事
6. move around to gather food 四处活动以采集食物7. swap stories 相互讲故事 8. believe in 信任 9.go on for hours 持续好几小时 10.hunt for 狩猎，猎取
11.on this trip 在这次旅行中 12.be home to 是。。。的家园
13.It is believed that 据信 14.rich in 富有。。。。
15.wrap in 用。。。包扎 16.food cooked in underground ovens 用地锅做成的食物
17.go night fishing 晚上捕鱼 18.belong to 属于
19.have power over sth. 对。。。拥有控制权 20.roast over an open fire 在户外烧烤