part one words
1. compete
【用法指南】
vi 比赛；对抗
【典型例句】
1） John competed for a place at the school, but he didn’t give in.
约翰在学校里竞争一个职位，但没有成功。
2） Five children competed in the race.
五个孩子参加赛跑。
3） Although there only four horsed competing, it was an exciting race.
虽然只有四匹马赛跑，但比赛很精彩。
【拓展】
1）competition n. 况赛
competitor. n. 参赛者
competitive adj. 竞赛的
2) compete in 在某一方面竞争
compete for 为。。。 而竞争
compete with / against 与。。。竞争
compete with/ against sb. for sth. 为得到某物与某人竞争
【类比延伸】
1） compete的含义仅仅是为了争得名次、奖品、合同。并不含有将对手征服得意思。例如：
The children compete against each other to reach the other end of the pool.孩子们互相竞争着抵达池子的另一端。
2） vie (with ) 与compete 相比，词义弱得多，包含着争夺得兴奋，激动，因此这种竞争与其说是“争夺”不如说是嬉戏，或者争先恐后。如：The two boys vie with each other for the first place.
3） contest 所表示的“竞争”可以是友谊赛，也可以是有故意的竞赛，旨在比试技能、能力、力气、耐力等。如：
The two armies are contesting every inch of ground.两军正争夺每一寸土地。
【过关练习1】
汉译英
1） 几家公司正在为争取一项合同而相互竞争。
2） 他相信没有人能与他抗衡。
3） 有多少人参加马拉松比赛。
4） 他们为了赢得奖牌而相互竞争。
5） He’s going to ____ his old rival in the second round.
A. compete B. compete for
C. compete with D. be competitor
6) – More than thirty students competed _____ each other in the English competition
-- But they could only compete ____ three medals .
A. against; with B. against ; on
C. with ; for D. on; for
2. host
【用法指南】
1） vt 主人招待；主办或主持某项活动。
2） n. 主人； （电视等） 节目主持人
【典型例句】
1) China will host the 29th Olympic Gamers in 2008.
中国将在2008年主办第29届奥运会。
2) Hosting our show this evening is the lovely Mary.
我们今晚得演出由美丽得玛丽主持。
3) He acted as host to his father’s friends.
他当主人款待父亲的朋友。
【拓展】
1） host country (比喻)奥林匹克运动会的主办国。
2） be/ play host to sb. （作为主人）招待或款待某人
3） host vt, 做东； 主办；主持；
n. 主人， 东道主
hostess n. 女主人
【类比延伸】
host / hold / own
host指作为主人来主办或主持某项活动
hold 只单纯的表示“举办， 举行”
own 表示“拥有”或“承认”
【过关练习】
完成句子
1） Mr. Brown was __________ . (我们晚会的主人)
2） ____________ ( 客队和主队 ) won each of the games , so they were even with each other.
3） Which country _________ ? （将主办今年的运动会）
4） He first came to China and I _______. （作为主人款待他）
5） _______ the Olympic Games is a great honor for a country.
A. Host B. Hosting C. Hold D. Holding
3． admit
【用法指南】
1） vt. 让。。。进入， 允许。。进入（常to和into或连用
2） vt. 接纳；招待；容纳
3） vt. 承认(后接名词； v-ing形式； that从句；sb./sth. to be等)
4） vi. 容许有（常与of连用）
5） vi 承认(常与to连用)
【典型例句】
1） This ticket admits two people to the basketball match.
这张票可供两人入场看篮球赛。
2） The college admits two thousand new boys and girls every year.
这所大学每年招收2，000男女新生。
3） The cinema admits about 3,000 people.
这座电影院大约可坐3，000人。
4） He admitted to the teacher that he was wrong.
他向老师承认他错了。
【拓展】
1) be admitted to / into… 获准进入/参加
2) be admitted as …. 作为。。。 被接受
3) admit doing 承认，公认，招认
【过关练习3】
1. I admitted ______ done wrong.
A. to have B. being C. that he D. having
2. – By the way, how about your salary last month?
-- The boss had to admit _____ back $200 from my salary for no good reason.
A. keep B. keeping C. kept D. to have kept
完成句子
3) He _______ (被接受称为) a member of the baseball team.
4) You were supposed to __________ . (承认冤枉了她)
5）He _____ (入院) with minor burns.
6.） George would never ______ (认错)
4．allow
【用法指南】
1） vt. 允许；准许
allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
allow doing sth. 允许做某事
allow sb. in / out 允许某人进入/出去
allow sb. sth.允许某人某事
#不能说allow to do sth.
2)vi. 考虑到；估计； （常与for连用）
【典型例句】
1） We don’t allow smoking in the office. 我们不允许在办公室吸烟。
2） She allowed her daughter to go to the party她允许她得女儿去参加晚会。
3） You are allowed to speak loudly in class. 你们不允许在课堂上大声说话。
4） Has everything been allowed for in your plan?
你得计划是否把各种情况都考虑进去了？
【类比延伸】
allow / permit / let
allow 和permit都表示允许，用法也一样，在许多情况下可以相互替换，只是词义的强弱上有些差别。
allow 词义较弱，含有“听任”， “默许“、“不加阻止”的意思。
permit 词义较强，强调“正式认可”“批准”的意思。
let 表示“让”词义罪最弱，较口语化，用法也不同与allow和permit; let后的宾语不足语为不带to的不定式；let 一般不用于被动语态。
【过关练习4】
完成句子
1）Your gift ___________ (使我可以买一部车)
2） She ____________________ (不允许房子内有狗)
3）My father ___________. (给我一些钱买书)
4）The facts _______________ . (不容另作解释)
5）Teachers usually _________ (不允许学生查字典) in the exam.
6) He is said to ______ to his country because a new president comes to power.
A. be allowed to return B. allow to return
C. allow returning D. be allowed returning
5. promise
【用法指南】
1） vt. 许诺；答应（常与to, that连用）
promise + n. 许诺某事
promise sb. to do sth 向某人许诺做某事
promise （sb）. that… 向某人许诺。。。
2) n, 诺言
make a promise
give a promise
keep /carry out a promise
break a promise
【典型例句】
1） He has given a promise to write to me.他答应要给我写信。
2） I promised him to behave better henceforth 我答应他今后表现得好些。
3） This year promises to be another good one for harvests 今年看来又是个丰收年。
【过关练习】
1） Early mist_________ (预示好天气)
2） She _____________ (答应弟弟) that she would write to him.
3） He ______ (不遵守诺言) and did not come to see me.
4） Remember to __________ (履行你得诺言)
5） If you _____ (许下诺言0 , you should _____ ;You shouldn’t ______ (违背诺言)
Part two phrase
1. find out
【用法指南】
1） 查明，；如通过观察或询问查明（某事）
I found out the phone number by looking it up. If you are no sure, find out.通过查找，我查到了电话号码。 如果你不肯定，查一查
Please find out when the ship sails for New York.
2） 发现；揭露
I’ve found you out at last.我终于把你揭露了
The criminals tried to run away ,but the police found out. 犯罪企图逃跑，但警察发现了。
【过关练习1】
1) If you want to do the job well, you must ____ how to do it fast first.
A. find B. B. find out C. look for D. look at
2). Don’t worry . You’ll soon _______ how to solve the problem.
A. find B. discover C. find out D. look for
3.) – Did you ______ where she lived?
--- No, I didn’t.
A. find B. discover C. look at D. find out
4) I am _____ my book everywhere but I haven’t ____ it yet.
A. found ; found B. looking for ; looked at
C. looking for; found D. looking for ; found out
2. a set of
【用法指南】
一组；一套
1）a set of tools 一套工具
2) a set of six dining chairs 一套六把得餐椅
3) a set of false teeth 一套假牙
4) a set of Dickens novels. 一套狄更斯得小说
5) a set of golf clubs 一套高尔夫球杆
6) a bit of luck 一点运气
【拓展】
1） a series of lectures 一系列演讲
2） a series of days 连续几天
3） a chain of proof 一连串证据
4） a train of mourners 一长队送葬者
5） a pair of shoes 一双鞋
6） a mountain of trouble许多麻烦
7） a pile of trouble 一大堆麻烦
【过关练习】
1） 一套园艺工具
2） 一组指纹
3） 一套21件的茶具
4） 一连串的音乐会
5） 电视连续剧
6） 一大堆工作
7） 一堆旧书
8） 一条裤子
3. every four years
【用法指南】
every与数词连用， 表示时间或空间的间隔，译作“每（隔）……”。具体用法为:
1) every +基数词+复数名词
2) every +序数词+单数名词
3) every +other+ 单数可数名词
4) every +few +复数名词
【典型例句】
1） every two days = every second day = every other day 每两天(每隔一天)
2） every three years = every third year 每三年
3） every other line 每隔一行
4） every few meters 每隔几米
* 注意： 不能将every更改为each； few前不能加a
【过关练习3】
1)When I was in the countryside , I would go to the river bank _____.
A. each second day B. every a few days
C. each two days D. every few days
2). When the old was ill in hospital , we went to look after him ____ by turns.
A. every a days B. every two days
C. everyday D. every the second day
4. used to
【用法指南】
过去常常，表示以前经常做某事，而现在不做了。
【典型例句】
1）I used to go there every year.
2) He is not what he used to be.
【类比延伸】
used to / would / used to / get/ become used to …
1) used to 有较强的今昔对比的含义。表示过去持续的状态；客观的陈述过去存在，但现在已经停止的情况或习惯。如
I used to be drink coffer, but now I drink tea instead.
2 ) would 强调过去习惯性的，反复发生的动作，含有较强的主观感情色彩。可以跟sometimes, frequently , for hours等表示时间的副词(短语)连用。
Sometimes John would sit for hours without saying a word.
3） use to
① 习惯于。。。
He’s not used to making speeches in public ; it’s so embarrassing.
② 被用来做。。。
This machine is used to make farm tools.
= This machine is used for making farm tools.
4） get/become used to 从不习惯到习惯
You’ll get used to the work in short time.
5. more than
【用法指南】
1） more than ＋数词 ， 表示“超过， 多于”
2） 修饰形容词、副词、动词、分词、或动名词时，起到加强语气或程度的作用，表示“十分、 几乎”
3） more than 修饰名词时，表示“不仅仅是， 不只是”同not only.
【典型例句】
1） The school is more than 10 kilometers from my home.
2） She speaks English more than fluently
3） China Daily is more than a newspaper , it help to improve our English.
【拓展】
more … than …
1) 与其说。。。倒不如说。。。
She is more lazy than unintelligent.她与其智力差，不如说懒惰。
2) 不。。。更多
He has made much more progress this year than ( he did ) last year.
6. as well as…
【用法指南】
1） 用于比较状语从句，表“和。。。一样好”如“
He speaks French as well as English.
2) 用作复合介词，相当于not only …but also…; as well as 重点强调其前面的人或事，而not only …. but also…重点强调后面的人或事。
1) Li Ping as well as Wei Fang and Wabg Ling was praised be the coach.
2) The little girl sings as well as playing the piano
The girl is lively as well as healthy
注意：当连接名词或代词作主语时， 谓语动词的形式由前者决定。
【过关练习6】
1) E-mail, as well as telephone , _____ an important part in daily communication.
A. is playing B. are playing
C. have played D. play
2) John plays football _____ if not better than ,David.
A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as
3) She doesn’t speak ____ her friend, but her written work is excellent.
A. as well as B. so often as
C. so much as D. as good as
4) ____ snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they has picnic in the forest.
A. Not only they bought B. Not only did they bring
C. Not only brought they D. Not only they did bring
7. pick up
【用法指南】
1）拾起，捡起
Pick up the box by the handles
2） 收拾，整理
Please pick up all your toys when you have finished playing
3） 改善， 改进
Mary has been ill, but she’s picking up now.
4） （从无线电）收听
We picked up signals for help from the burning plane
5）车船途中搭人，载货
The bus stopped to pick up the passengers.
6）用车接人
I will pick you up at the station
7）买东西
I picked up a valuable coin at a very low price.
8）通过实践学会（语言，技术）
Where did you pick up your excellent English?
【过关练习7】
1. Under good treatment , Linda is beginning to _____ and will soon recover.
A. pick up B. wake up C. grow up D. show up
2. Something is wrong with my radio . It can’t _____ and programme.
A. take in B. get up C. pick up D. listen to
3. Without proper lessons, you could _____ a lot of bad habits when playing the piano.
A. put up B. take up C. pick up D. grow up
4. When he went abroad , he ______ Japanese.
A. looked up B. picked up C. turned up D. made up
Part three : structure
1. I have come to your time to find out about the present day Olympic Games because I know that in 2004 they are to be held in my hometown of Athens
【用法指南】
be to do 表示将来
1）表示按计划安排将要发生的动作。
2）表示命令、禁止等
3）表示注定要发生的事
4）用于条件句中，侧重于表示计划、安排要发生的将来的动作。
【典型例句】
1）He was very interested in making things when he was young. He was to become a great inventor.
小时候他就对制作东西感兴趣，他注定要成为一个伟大的发明家。
2) You are not to stand here.
你不可以站在这儿。
3) Their daughter is to be married soon.
他们的女儿很快就要结婚了。
4) The president is to attend the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games.
总统将参加奥运会的开幕式。
【拓展】
1) be to do 不能表示不受人们意志控制的将来的动作。此时要用be going to 。如：It’s going to rain.
2) be about to do 表示马上要发生的动作常与when连用，意为“这时” 而且后面不与时间状语连用。
【过关练习1】
1） No one _____ this building without the permission of the police.
A. is leaving B. is to leave C. has left D. will be leaving
2) I feel it is your husband who _____ for the spoiled child .
A. is to blame B. is going to blame
C. is to be blamed D. should blame
3. In such dry weather , the flowers will have to be watered if they ________.
A. have survived B. are to survive
C. would survive D. will survive.
4. If a man _____ succeed, he must work as hard as he can.
A. will B. is to C. is going to D. should
2. A special village is built for the competitors to live in, a stadium for competitions, a very large swimming pool, a gymnasium as well as seats for those who watch the games.
有一个特殊的村庄供参赛的人住。 并提供比赛用场地，很大的游泳池，室内体育馆，还有观众席呢。
【用法指南】
for the competitors to live in 属于不定式的复合结构（for sb. to do sth.）在句中作定语，修饰a special village.
1) 不定式复合结构的省略。
为避免重复，不定式结构的动词部分常可以承前省略，尤其在（want , would like, be happy , used to）
【典型例句】
1） I went there because I wanted to.
注意：不定式为to be或to have done 结构时，be和have不能省。如： He is fatter than he used to be.
2) 不定式复合结构在句中作定语。
作定语的不定式的为不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后必须加上相应的介词，如look after , search for, listen to , depend on , laugh at , care for , look at 等。如：
He found a good house to live in.
The child has nothing to worry about.
They have no happiness to speak of.
【过关练习2】
1） The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in street, but his mother told him ______.
A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do to to
2) – Alice , why didn’t you come yesterday?
-- I _____ , but I had an unexpected visitor.
A. had B. would C. was going to D. did
3.) When I handed the report to John , he said that George was the person _________.
A. to send B. for sending it C. to send it to D. for sending it to
3. women are not only allowed to join in but play a very important role…
【用法指南】
not only… but also… 不但。。。而且。。。
1) 连接除主语以外的成分时，如果位于句首，not only 后的句子要倒装。
2) 连接主语时，谓语动词必须和邻近的主语保持一致。
【拓展】
either… or…和neither… nor….连接主语时，谓语也要遵循就近原则
【典型例句】
1) He not only said it ,but also did it.
2) Not only has he been to China , but also he knows some Chinese.
3) Not only he but also I am responsible for it.
4) Neither you nor Tom is interested on pop music.
【过关练习3】
1）Either you or the headmaster _____ the prize to the gifted students at the meeting.
A. is handing out B. are to hand out
C. are handing out D. is to hand out
2) Not only ____ the exam , but also won the first place.
A. he passed B. he did pass C. did he pass D. passed he
汉译英
3）不仅他而且我也想出国。
4）他不仅帮助了我，而且还给了我一些钱。
4． Where will all the competitors be staying?
【用法指南】
will be doing 为将来进行时表示某一时刻或某一段时间里正在进行的动作，也可以表示预料将要发生的动作。
【典型例句】
1) At this time tomorrow , we will be having the exam.
2) We will be leaving for Beijing
【过关练习4】
1) this time tomorrow morning __________ ? (你将在干什么)
2) If free this afternoon , I will ________ (在机场为朋友送行)
3) _____________________ (将告诉他) about it when I see him again.
4) – Mike , the phone is ringing , Do you want me to go?
-- No, sit still. ___________.
A． I am about to get it B. I’m getting it
C. I’ll get it D. I’m go get it