非谓语动词考点全解
一， 考查非谓语动词的时态和语态
[链接高考]
（1） All these gifts must be mailed immediately _____ in time for Christmas.
A. in order to have received B. in order to receive
C. so as to be received D. So as to be receiving
(2005辽宁)
【简析】 答案是C。 因为句子主语All these gifts与不定式receive式被动关系，只有
选项C是被动式。
（2） _______ from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world.
A. Being separated B. Having separated
C. Having been separated D. To be separated
(2005湖北)
【简析】 答案是C。因为Australia与separate是被动关系，且separate发生在谓语动词has之前，所以用现在分词的完成被动式作原因状语。
二， 考查非谓语动词的逻辑主语
所作句子成分 宾语和表语 定语 状语 宾补
逻辑主语 句子的主语 所修饰的词 句子的主语 句子的宾语
[链接高考]
（1） While watching television, _______.
A. the doorbell rang B. the doorbell rings
C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings
(2005全国III)
【简析】 答案是C。 因为watching 的逻辑主语一定是句子的主语，能作其主语的只有选项C和D 中的we，有因为在hear后能作宾补的应是省略to 的不定式。
(2)In order to make our city green, _______.
A. it is necessary to have planted more trees B. many more trees need to plant
C. our city needs more trees D. we must plant more trees
(2002上海春)
【简析】 答案是D。 作目的状语的不定式的逻辑主语应为句子的主语，选项中的主语能作不定式的逻辑主语的只有we。
三， 考查非谓语动词的否定式
[链接高考]
（1） Victor apologized for _____ to inform me of the change in the plan.
A. his being not able B. him not to be able
C. his not being able D. him to be not able
(2004上海春)
【简析】 答案是C。 在介词for后作宾语用动名词，排除B和D；非谓语动词的否定式式将not放在非谓语动词之前，排除A；只有选项C 正确，题中not放在动名词being 之前，逻辑主语his之后。
(2) _______the programme, they have to stay there for another two weeks.
A. Not completing B. Not completed
C. Not having completed D. Having not completed
(2004广东)
【简析】 答案是C。 因为非谓语动词的否定式，要将not等放在非谓语动词的前面，排除D；they与complete是主动关系，用现在分词，排除B；“还没有完成”，发生在“决定”之前，所以用现在分词的完成式，排除A。
四， 考查非谓语动词作主语和表语
[链接高考]
（1） It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview;_____ the answers ready will be of great help.
A. To have had B. Having had C. Have D. Having
(2005北京)
【简析】 答案是D。 因为动名词短语作主语，表示一般的情况。
（2）______ is a good form of exercise for both young and old.
A. The walk B. Walking C. To walk D. Walk
(1992全国)
【简析】 答案是B。 因为a good form暗示泛指一般性行为，用动名词作主语。
注：（1）有时这种区别并不是很严格。但要注意：主语和表语要用同一种形式；平行结构中要用同一种形式。
[链接高考] Fishing is his favourite hobby, and _____.
A. he’d like to collect coins as well
B. he feels like collecting coins, too.
C. to collect coins is also his hobby
D. collecting coins also gives him great pleasure.
(2001上海)
【简析】 答案是D。 因为and连接两个并列句，前一分句用动名词作主语，与之并列的后一分句也应用动名词作主语。
（2） 在seem, appear, prove（结果是，后来表明），remain（尚须），grow (达到……的程度)等连系动词后，可用不定式作表语，但不用-ing形式作表语。
[链接高考]I think you’ll grow _____ him when you know him better.
A. liking B. to be like C. to like D. to be liking
(2005江西)
【简析】 答案是C。 因为在表示“达到喜欢的程度”的grow后用不定式作表语，排除A;like作喜欢讲是动词，前面不用be，排除B，like一般没有进行式，排除D。
五， 考查不定式和动名词作宾语
表示“需要”的need,want和require等后的动词形式这时，其主语一般是事物，其后的动词形式可以是不定式的被动式，也可以是动名词的主动式。
[链接高考]There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars ____ road conditions need _______.
A. that, to be improved B. which , to be improved
C. where, improving D. when, improving
（2003上海）
【简析】 答案是A。 因为“公路状况需要改善”，need后接improving或to be improved都可以。后面的从句应是problem的同位语，应用that引导。
六， 考查不定式，现在分词和过去分词作状语
[链接高考] （1）My advisor encouraged______ a summer course to improve my wrting skills. A. for me taking B. me taking C. for me to take D. me to take
(2004北京)
【简析】 答案是D。 因为me 与take式主动关系，且take 发生在谓语动词encouraged之后，要用不定式作宾语，即encourage sb. To do sth。
（2） Paul doesn’t have to be made ______. He always works hard.
A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning
（1995全国）
【简析】 答案是B。 因为在使役动词make, let, have后，一般用不带to的不定式作宾补，但在其被动式后作主补的不定式要加to。
七， 考查不定式，现在分词或过去分词作状语
1． 在表示时间，条件，让步，方式或伴随情况等时，通常要用分词，不用不定式。
句子主语与现在分词在逻辑上是主动关系，句子主语与过去分词在逻辑上是被动关系。注意：现在分词的被动式，习惯上不作伴随状语。
[链接高考] （1）Daddy didn’t mind what we were doing, as long as we were together, _____fun.
A. had B. have C. to have D. having
（2005重庆）
【简析】 答案是D。 因为作伴随状语不能用不定式，we与have fun是主动关系，要用现在分词。
[链接高考] （2）______ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.
A. To wait B. Have waited C. Having waited D. To have waited
(2004北京)
【简析】 答案是C。 表示时间不能用不定式，而要用现在分词。Having fun=After he had waited…
[链接高考] (3)When ______ help, one often says, “Thank you.” Or “ It’s kind of you.”
A. offering B. to offer C. to be offered D. offered
（2005福建）
【简析】 答案是D。 某人说“谢谢”应当是他被提供了帮助，所以要用过去分词。When offered help = when he is offered help…
2。不定式和分词表示原因的区别
表示原因时，分词短语常放在句首，也可放在句末，多用逗号格开；不定式短语却只能放在句末，但不用逗号，且多用于表示情绪或情感反应的动词，形容词之后。
I’m surprised to see you here .在这时遇见你真让我感到意外。
[链接高考] _______ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.
A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed
(2005湖南)
【简析】 he 和dress是被动关系，要用过分词作原因状语，故选A.Dressed in … = As he isdressed in …
3．不定式和现在分词表示结果的区别
不定式表结果，其动作发生在谓语动词之后，往往表示未曾预料到的或令热不快的结果，不定式前常加only；另外，还用于too…to, enough to, never to, so/such… as to等固定结构中。现在分词表示的结果，式伴随谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果（同时发生），有时在前面加上thus，谓语动词于现在动词的动作式因果关系。
[链接高考] (1) He hurried to the station only _____ that the train had left.
A. to find B. finding C. found D. to have found
(2005广东)
【简析】 答案是A。only后接不定式，表示“结果却，不料”，hurried和find是先后发生的两个动作。
[链接高考]（2）Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, _____ a record US57.65 a barrel on April 4.
A. have reached B. reaching C. to reach D. to be reaching
(2005山东)
【简析】伴随着谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果，用现在分词作结果状语。故选B。
4．作目的状语或者在形容词后作状语只能用不定式
[链接高考] (1) ____ more about university coursed, call (05920)746-3789.
A．To find out B. Finding out C. Find out D. Having found out
(2005浙江)
牎炯蛭觥孔髂康淖从镆用动词不定式，故选A。
[链接高考] （2）You were silly not ______ your car.
A. to lock B. to have locked C. locking D. having locked
(2004 湖南)
【简析】在形容词（silly）后作状语，用不定式；“没有锁车”发生在谓语之前，用完成式，故选B。
责任编辑：李芳芳