词性的分辨
重点诠释
词性分辨涉及的内容也非常广，如名词或动词中同义词、近义词的辨析，介词的辨析，形容词或副词的辨析等。
易错点回顾：
1. very, too
very"非常"，说明一个笼统程度，不是针对某一对象而言；too"太"，说明程度超出某一具体的对象。
［误］ The book is very difficult for me.
［正］ The book is too difficult for me.
［析］too...for...搭配在一起用，表示"相对于……来说太……"。
2. both, either, all; neither, none
both表示两者之间的全部肯定；either表示两者中必具其一的选择，all表示三者或三者以上的全部肯定；neither用于两者之间的全部否定；none表示三者或三者以上的全部否定。
［误］ If you keep still, you can sit at both end of the boat.
［正］ If you keep still, you can sit at either end of the boat.
［析］只能用表示在两者中选择的either。
3. most, mostly, almost
most当副词用，意为"最……"，当代词用，意为"绝大多数"；mostly当副词用，意为
"几乎全部"；almost当副词用，意为"几乎"。
［误］ The members of the group are most young people.
［正］ The members of the group are mostly young people.
［析］mostly当副词用意为"几乎全部"，most用作副词，意思是"最……"。
［误］ He mostly fell down.
［正］ He almost fell down.
［析］almost表示"几乎"。
4. beat, strike, hit
beat通常指反复地、连续地"打"或"敲"；hit指重重地一击，侧重"打中、击中"；strike意为"打、敲、击"，用法很多，通常表示打一下或若干下的意思，也可以表示用拳头或物体急速、用力地"打击"或"敲打"。beat还可表示"心跳"，strike还可表示"迷住、打动"。
［误］ He was beaten on the nose.
［正］ He was hit on the nose.
［析］hit指一次重重的"击打"。
5. calm, quiet, still, silent；
calm平静的/沉着镇静的，指无风浪或人的心情平静；quiet宁静的，指周围环境很静，没有声音，不吵闹或心里没有烦恼、焦虑；still静止的，不动的， 指无动作的状态；silent沉默的，指不说话。
［误］ Tell the children to keep still, it’s not necessary to be anxious.
［正］ Tell the children to keep calm，it’s not necessary to be anxious.
［析］从后面的"焦虑"看，此处应表示"保持镇静"。
6. care, mind
care关心，在乎；mind介意，小心。
［误］ I don’t mind what others will say.
［正］ I don’t care what others will say.
［析］mind是"介意"，care是"关心、在乎"。
7. carry, take, bring, fetch
carry携带；take从此处带走；bring从别处带来；fetch去拿来。
［误］ Please remember to take your dictionary here tomorrow.
［正］ Please remember to bring your dictionary here tomorrow.
［析］表示"带来"应用bring。
8. cause, reason
cause起因，指造成一种事实或现实的直接原因，后面搭配介词of；reason指推理上的原因或理由，即说明一种看法或行为的"理由"，后面搭配介词for。
［误］ They still haven’t found out the reason of the fire.
［正］ They still haven’t found out the cause of the fire.
［析］此处指火灾的直接"起因"，而且后面的介词是of。
9. test, check, examine
test"检测、检验"，侧重看质量、水平等是否过关；check"核查、核对"，侧重看前后数量等是否一致；examine"检查"，侧重看事物或人是否存在问题或故障。
［误］They tested the tyre of the car and found it was flat.
［正］ They examined the tyre of the car and found it was flat.
［析］"检查……毛病"应用examine。
10. especially, specially
especially"尤其"，突出强调其后面内容的重要性或特殊性；specially"特别地"，用于强调特殊场合下的"特殊"情况。
［误］ I like the country, specially in spring.
［正］ I like the country, especially in spring.
［析］此处是突出强调后面的内容。
典例调研
［例1］ We had a pleased trip, but we were all a little tired.
pleased→pleasant。形容词应用错误。pleased"感到高兴的"，用于说明人的情感；pleasant"令人高兴的"，用于说明事物的特征。
［例2］He was hoped to be back in two weeks’ time.
hoped→supposed/expected。动词应用错误。 hope不能用于hope sb. to do sth.结构。
［例3］Have you found who broke the window?
found后加out。副词缺少错误。find指"找到"具体的物体；find out指"搞清楚、弄明白"事情的真相。
［例4］He was so angry that he stared at me.
stared→glared。动词应用错误。stare意为"凝视"；glare意为"怒视"。
［例5］I can’t suppose his raising objections at the meeting.
suppose→imagine。动词搭配错误。imagine 后搭配名词或动名词，suppose后搭配不定式作补语。
［例6］It’s necessary to keep health by doing more exercises.
health→healthy。词性应用错误。keep后应用形容词作表语。
【指导借鉴】
词性分辨错误包含的内容广泛，涉及到语言知识的方方面面，大家应注意在平时的复习中积累经验。
强化闯关
1. We all thought high of him who reduced the high price.
2. We find his English greatly increased.
3. Care your own business!
4. Do you think he is possible to give us some help?
5. We found him sitting lonely in a corner.
6. We know she is quite special about clothes.
7. Did you notice which direction the car had gone?
8. I own great thanks to your help.
9. We were divided from each other when we went into the crowd.
10. I don’t know how long the work will be finished.
答案及解析：
1. high→highly。 副词搭配错误。high用作副词，表示具体概念上的"高地"，highly用作副词，表示抽象意义上的"高度地"。
2. increased→improved。 动词搭配错误。increase表示数量的"增加"，improve表示质量、水平的"提高"。
3. Care→Mind。 动词搭配错误。care意为"在意"，mind意为"当心"，此处为固定搭配。
4. possible→likely。形容词搭配错误。possible"可能的"，前面一般用it作主语；likely"可能的"，表示判断，前面作主语的可以是人也可以是物。
5. lonely→alone。词类使用错误。lonely意为"孤独的、荒凉的"，alone意为"单独地"。
6. special→particular。形容词搭配错误。be particular about...为固定搭配，意为"对……挑剔"。
7. direction→way。名词搭配错误。direction当"方向"讲时，前应用介词in，way当"方向"讲时，前面不需要加介词。
8. own→owe。动词搭配错误。当表示"归功于"或"欠"之意时，应用动词owe。
9. divided→separated。动词搭配错误。divide意为"把……分为几部分"，后面搭配介词into；separate意为"分离、隔离"，后面搭配介词from。
10. long→soon。副词应用错误。long表示动作持续的时间，soon表示动作结束的时间。
责任编辑：李芳芳