2007年高考情态动词用法归纳
一．shall和will的用法
1、shall 用在第一、三人称，will 用于第二人称表示“征求意见”。
Shall I go now?
Shall we invite her, too?
Will you help me with the work?
Shall the reporters wait outside or what?
2、shall表示依据规定有义务去做。
Passengers shall not talk with the driver while the bus is moving.
3、shall 用于所有人称，表示说话人的许诺、威胁、警告、命令等。
You shall have an answer by tomorrow.
If he’s good, he shall have a new watch for Christmas.
If you children don’t do as I tell you, you shan’t go to the party.
4、would 可以表示过去的习惯（would 可表示反复发生的动作或某种倾向。used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态，强调现在已不存在）
He would come to see me on Sunday when he was here.
The dog would lie there in the sun all afternoon.
When we were children, we would go skating every winter.
5、will可以表示“愿意”，而非将来:
I will pay you for it. 我会付给你钱买下它的。
Go where you will. 到你愿意去的地方。
We’re going on a climbing trip. Come if you will.
6、will可以表示倾向、习惯（总是会，老是等意思）
Sometimes the cat will lie there all morning.
Oil and water will not mix.
This machine won’t work.
二、can/could 的用法
1、表示具备某种能力。
The nine-year old boy can swim across the river.
Can you swim across the river?
We couldn’t get the truck to start.
2、表示“征询对方意见”和“允许”（could 语气委婉）。回答不用 could.
Can /could I smoke here? Yes, you can. No, you cannot.
Could you tell me where John is?
3、表示“可能性”。（否定句疑问句常见,肯定句也可以）
Can/Could it be true? 那会/可能是真的。
That can’t/couldn’t be true. 那不可能是真的。
Will you answer the phone? It could be your mother.
三．may/might 的用法
1、表示“征询对方意见”和“允许”。
May I turn on the TV?
Yes, of course. Yes, you can/may.
No, you can’t/may not /mustn’t /I’m afraid not.
You may go home now.
2、表示可能性，“也许”。常用于肯定句。
You may/might have some fever. 你也许发烧了。
He said that the news might be true. 他说这消息可能是真的。
They may/might be having a bath. 他们也许正在洗澡。
四．must的用法
1、表示“必须”。
Patients must use medicine according to the doctor’s orders.
2、表示推测，只用于肯定句。在否定句或疑问句中，用can/could：
There must be a mistake.
Can/Could there be a mistake
There can’t/couldn’t be a mistake.
He must be over sixty now.
They must be watching the news now.
They can’t/couldn’t be watching the news now.
3、注意must 的回答：
Must the ladies wear dresses?
yes, they must. No, they don’t have to. / they needn’t.
Can/May I come in? No, you can’t / mustn’t.
4．表示禁止。
Children mustn’t go across the street alone.
五．表示“推测”的表达法总结
（1）表示对现在和将来状况的推测：must 一定，may 可能，might 也许，can’t 不可能。
（2）对已经过去的情况的推测，用“情态动词＋have+ done”结构：
① must have done 过去一定已经…（只用于肯定句中）
② can’t / couldn’t have done 过去不可能--- （表示否定）
③ may/might have done 可能已经----
④ needn’t have done 本来不必做---
⑤ could have done那时本来可以…（在肯定句中，不可用can)
⑥ should have done 本来应该做---（实际未做）
⑦ shouldn’t / oughtn’t to have done 本不应该做-----（实际做了）
例如：
He must have been drinking beer. 他肯定一直喝啤酒来着。
The money can’t have been lost there. 钱不可能是在那儿丢的。
He may have gone to bed. 他可能已经上床睡觉了。
She might not have settled the problem. 她可能尚未解决那个问题。
We could have solved the problem in a more reasonable fashion.
You should have come here ten minutes earlier.
She should / ought to have gone there alone.
六、need的用法
1、作为情态动词，need一般只用于否定句和疑问句中。
You needn’t try to explain. Need we stay here this evening?
2、Need 作为实意动词可用在所有句型中。
She needs to come tomorrow.
You don’t need any help from others. Do they need this?
七、dare的用法
1．做情态动词，通常用于疑问句，否定句和条件状语从句中。
Dare he swim across the river?
He dare not come to see me.
How dare you be so rude! 你竟敢如此无礼！
2．做实意动词：
Do you dare to ask her? 你敢问她吗？
He didn’t dare to go. 他不敢去。
八．should/ought to的用法
两者大多数情况下可以互换。
1、表示道义上的责任，义务或要求，有时表示劝告。如：
You ought to /should pay more attention to what your lawyer says.
This word is spelt wrongly. There should be another “s”.
2. 表示推测和可能性，是“应该”之意。
This pen ought to /should be yours. 这支笔应该是你的。
If the train is up to time, John should/ought to be here any minute now. 如果火车晚点的话，John现在马上就应该到了。
3、表示讲话人惊奇，失望，愤怒等感情：
What’s happened to that money? How should I know? 那些钱怎么了？－我怎么知道？
It’s strange that he should have lost his temper for such trivial things as that. 真奇怪，他竟然为这么小的事情发脾气。
Why should I believe you? 我为什么要相信你？
九．实战演练 （2006- 05 - 04全国高考真题）
1. We have proved great adventurers, but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years.（06津）
A. needn’t B. may not C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t
2. --- I think I’ll give Bob a ring.
--- You _______. You haven’t been in touch with him for ages.（06苏）
A. will B. may C. have to D. should
3. --- What’s the name?
--- Khulaifi. _______ I spell that for you? （06京）
A. Shall B. Would C. Can D. Might
4.If it were not for the fact that she_______sing, I would invite ber to the party.（06闽）
A.couldn’t B.shouldn’t C.can’t D.might not
5. -- Must he come to sign this paper himself?
-- Yes, he .（06粤）
A. need B. must C. may D. will
6. ______ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.（06鄂）
A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be
7.Some aspeets of a pilot’s job____ be boring,and prilots often_____ work at inconvenient hours.（06湘）
A.can;have to B.may;can C.have to;may D.ought to;must
8.－These books are too heavy for me to carry.
－ .（06辽）
A.You may ask for help B.I’will give you a hand
C.I’will do you a favor D.I’d come to help
9. –May I smoke here ?
-- If you ____, choose a seat in the smoking section.（06鲁）
A. should B.could C. may D. must
10.As you worked late yesterday,you_____ have come this morning.（06陕）
A.mayn’t B.can’t C.mustn’t D.needn’t
11. --- Could I have a word with you, mum?
--- Oh dear, if you ________.（06浙）
A. can B. must C. may D. should
12. We hope that as many people as-possible _______ join us for the picnic tomorrow.（全国一）
A. need B. must C. should D. can
13. There's no light on - they______ be at home.(全国三)
A. can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. shouldn't
14. He __________ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside. (05北京卷)
A. should B. must C. wouldn’t D. can’t
15. He paid for a seat, when he ______ have entered free. （05山东卷）
A. could B. would C. must D. need
16. --- I've taken someone else's green sweater by mistake.
--- It ______ Harry's. He always wears green. (05广东卷)
A. has to be B. will be C. mustn't be D. could be
17. - Do you know where David is? I couldn’t find him anywhere.
- Well. He have gone far-his coat’s still here. （05湖北卷）
A．shouldn’t B．mustn’t C．can’t D．wouldn’t
18. If I plan to do anything I wanted to, I’d like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible. （05湖北卷）
A．would B．could C．had to D．ought to
19. --- Lucy doesn’t mind lending you her dictionary.
--- She ______ . I've already borrowed one. （05湖南卷）
A. can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. shouldn't
20. The more I think about him, the more reasons I find for loving him ___ I did.
（05湖南卷）
A. as much as B. as long as C. as soon as D. as far as
21. - Tom is never late for work. Why is he absent today?
- Something ________ to him. (05江西卷)
A．must happen B．should have happened
C．could have happened D．must have happened
22. John, look at the time. _____ you play the piano at such a late hour? （05全国卷3）
A．Must B．Can C．May D．Need
23. Tom, you leave all your clothes on the floor like this! （05全国卷1）
A．wouldn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．may not
24. There _____ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school. （05上海卷）
A. mustn’t B. shan’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
25. The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it _________be very slow. （05浙江卷）
A．should B．must C．will D．can
26. I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car. They ____ at least 150 kilometers an hour. （05重庆卷）
A. should have been doing B. must have been doing
C. could have done D. would have done
27. I _______have been more than six years old when the accident happened. （05天津卷）
A. shouldn't B. couldn't C. mustn't D. needn't
28. Helen ______ go on the trip with us, but she isn’t quite sure yet. （05安徽卷）
A. shall B. must C. may D. can
29. This cake is very sweet. You __________ a lot of sugar in it. （05辽宁卷）
A．should put B．could have put C．might put D．must have put
30. --- The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.
--- Oh, dear! She _______ a lot of difficulties! (05江苏卷)
A. may go through B. might go through
C. ought to have gone through D. must have gone through
31. I have lost one of my gloves. I ________ it somewhere. （05北京春季）
A. must drop B. must have dropped
C. must be dropping D.must have been dropped
32. --- Who is the girl standing over there?
--- Well, if you______ know, her name is Mabel. （04天津）
A may B can C must D shall
33. “The interest be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides,” declared the judge. （04重庆）
A. may B. should C. must D. shall
34. --- I don't mind telling you what I know.
--- You . I'm not asking you for it. （04江苏）
A. mustn't B. may not C. can't D. needn’t
35. I ____ pay Tracy a visit, but I am not sure whether I will have time this Sunday. （04浙江）
A. should B. might C. would D. could
36. --- I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.
--- You________ her last week. （04福建）
A．ought to tell B．would have told C．must tell D．should have told
37. I often see lights in that empty house. Do you think I _____ report it to the police? （04广西）
A. should B. may C. will D. can
38. Mr. White _____ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn’t’ show up. （04广西）
A. should have arrived B. should arrive
C. should have had arrived D. should be arriving
39. --- Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report.
--- You ______ have my computer if you don't take care of it. （04湖南）
A. shan't B. might not C. needn't D. shouldn't
40. - Excuse me. Is this the right way to the Summer Palace?
- Sorry, I am not sure. But it be. （04湖北）
A．might B．will C．must D．can
41. --- Mum, I’ve been studying English since 8 o’clock.. I go out and play with Tom for a while?
--- No, I’m afraid not. Besides, it’s raining outside now. （04辽宁）
A．Can’t B．Wouldn’t C．May not D．Won’t
42. Children under 12 years of age in that country ________ be under adult supervision when is a public library. （04上海）
A. must B. may C. can D. need
43. --- Isn’t that Ann’s husband over there?
--- No, it______ be him---I’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses. （04全国I）
A can’t B must not C won’t D may not
44. You ______ be tired---you’ve only been working for an hour. （04全国II）
A must not B won’t be C can’t D may not
45. --- Tom graduated from college at a very young age.
--- Oh, he______ have been a very smart boy then. （04全国IV）
A could B should C might D must
46. You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers _______ not like the design of the furniture. （04上海春季）
A. must B. shall C. may D. need
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