完形填空既是题干语篇化的单项填空，又是选项单词化语法化的阅读理解，所以它是架在单项填空和阅读理解之间的一座桥梁，它既要求有正确的阅读理解能力，又要求有扎实的语法、词汇和文化知识积累，是一种全面考查考生全面语言运用能力的综合题型，它的重要性怎么说都不为过。目前，完形填空一直是学生头疼的题型。怎么办呢？
一、近年完形填空的命题趋势
1、突出语篇。
2、试题型稳定，选项独具匠心。
3、辨析词义，以实词为主。
4、记叙文为主，且第一句不设空
5、生词量有增无减。
6、长句增加，句式灵活，结构复杂。
实例说明：
词汇考查
Eg：“Okay, now watch carefully,” and then he pulled out a wild-mouth jar and set it on the __23__ in front of him……
The expert replied, “Really?” He __28__under the table and pulled out bucket of stone.
（ ）23. A. board B. chair C. floor D. table
（ ）28.A.reached B. extended C. fetched D. inched
语法句法考查
Eg：Of course he did not understand a thing,but he nodded his head as if he_______.
A.did B.had C.understood D.could
篇章结构：
Eg：He appeared calm,____inside his heart was beating wildly with fear.
A.and B.or C.but D.otherwise
习语搭配
Eg：Without _42_ into consideration our means and abilities for a particular business, we should not run thoughtlessly into it.
42. A.bursting B.taking C.changing D.breaking
逻辑条理
Eg：While I studied at school, I felt a great diffuculty in learning my Latin translations. I was always very _1_ in using a dictionary, and _2_ it most difficult, while to other boys it seemed no _3_.
1.A.quick B.slow C.hard D.good
2.A.made B.got C.found D.left
3.A.trouble B.difference C.labour D.worry
二、 完型的特点及应试技巧
1. 完形填空的短文通常没有标题，且文章的首句和尾句一般不设空，要特别注重对首、尾句的理解，因为它们往往提示或点明文章的主题，对理解全文有较大帮助。
2. 第一遍通读带有空缺单词的短文时可能一时把握不住短文内容，弄不清头绪，这是很正常的。此时要注意克服畏难情绪和急躁心理，应稳定情绪，再将短文读一、二遍，直到明确大意为止。
3. 做题时切勿一看到一个空格就急着选出一个答案，这样往往只见树木不见森林。由于缺乏全局观念，极易导致连续选错。因为完形填空不同于单个句子的选词填空，其空白处是位于一篇文章之中，因此必须纵观全文、通篇考虑。
4. 每篇完形填空所设的空多以实词为主，所提供的四个备选项中只有一个是正确的，其它三项均为干扰项。而干扰项也多半与前、后的句子或词组可以形成某种搭配，即如单从语法角度判断则无法确定，还必须从语篇意义上加以鉴别。
5. 动笔时先易后难，先完成容易、有把握的答案，这样可以增强自信心，然后再集中精力解决难点。对于实在无法确定的，可以从文中同样结构或类似结构中寻找提示，大胆地作出猜测。在不能确定答案的情况下，要凭语感和第一感觉。一经确定的答案不要轻易改动。
6. 结合生活常识和中西方文化及上下文选出最佳答案。
三、学生所面临的问题：
1.抓不住文章的主旨大意，在理解上出现或大或小的偏差。
2.易受定势思维的影响。有些学生一看到自己比较熟悉的语法结构、句子、短语，便不假思索地去选，而忽视了对特定语境的理解，最终导致错误的产生。
3.词汇量小，基础知识不扎实，理解与分析能力差。
4.普遍对完形填空存在厌倦恐惧的心理，做题时疲于应付，无法真正发挥其实际的解题能力。
四、如何做好完形填空题
正确的答题步骤
1、浏览全文,掌握文章的中心及脉络;
a. 应用阅读技能,进行缺词阅读.
b. 注意首段和末端以及每个段落的首句.
2、分段落实,逐个填空;
a. 先填上固定搭配与习惯表达,基本句型等较容易的空格.
b. 对语境和语义还不太明朗的空格要反复推敲,力争突破难点.
3、通读全文,检查核对.
适当的答题技巧
1、照应，瞻前顾后联系全文。
例1： I climbed the stairs slowly, carrying a big suitcase, my father following with two more. By the time I got to the third floor, I was 1 and the same time feeling lonely. Worse still, Dad 2 a step and fell, sending my new suitcase 3 down the stairs.
1. A. helpless B. lazy C. anxious D. tired
2. A. took B. minded C. missed D. picked
3. A. rolling B. passing C. dropping D. turning
2、积累，掌握固定搭配的用法与同义词的辨析。
The other day I was sitting in a small restaurant 1 a quiet drink and a talk with a few friends when it suddenly 2 me that almost everyone in the restaurant was smoking. It wasn’t long 3 the whole room was filled with smoke.
1. A. have B. had C. having D. have had
2. A. seemed B. struck C. sank D. showed
3. A. ago B. after C. before D. now
3、分清逻辑关系，注意文中分类、对比、从属、并列等关系所用的词语.
It has been many years since I was last in London煟撸撸撸撸逫 still remember something that happened during that visit.
A. and B. for C. but D. as
4、化简句子，突破长句的理解。
But Ella Fant, who was filed with 1 , shouted at the top of her voice, 〝Look at 2 ﹗ They‘re all out of 3 except my John﹗ Isn’t he the best﹗〞
1. A. sadness B. happiness C. surprise D. regret
2. A. them B. those C. that D. him
3. A. sight B. order C. mind D. step
5、充分利用你的常识。
The other day I was sitting in a small restaurant 1 a quiet drink and a talk with a few friends when it suddenly 2 me that almost everyone in the restaurant was smoking. It wasn’t long 3 the whole room was filled with smoke.
1. A. have B. had C. having D. have had
2. A. seemed B. struck C. sank D. showed
3. A. ago B. after C. before D. now
五、实践演练
设计10小题完形填空试题
阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从1-10各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳答案。
It took George quite a while to find a 1 place for his car and in the end he had to leave it in a narrow street, 2 from the dentist’s. As he got out, he glanced at his watch . His appointment was at five and he still had twenty minutes to spare. He crossed into the square and 3 on a bench, partly to enjoy the last of the afternoon sun, 4 to calm his nerves . He hated these visits to the dentist.
As he sat there, watching the children at play and 5 to the old women talking to each other, he turned around to see a red car like his own come out of the 6 where he had parked. The car gathered speed and was soon out of sight. George 7 in his pockets for the keys: They were not there. “My car!” he cried in a loud voice, which made several people stare at him. He got up and ran across the 8 and then down the narrow street. His car was not to be seen-but then he discovered it concealed 9 a large one. He was relieved to find his 10 still in his car.
1. A. leaving B. parking（停车） C. wide D. special
2. A. in a way B. far away C. some way D. near
3. A. stopped B. stepped C. stood D. sat down
4. A. but also B. so C. in order D. for
5. A. listen B. listening C. to listen D. listened
6. A. car B. place C. street D. way
7. A. looked B. felt C. found D. searched
8. A. square B. hospital C. street D. bench
9. A. with B. behind C. after D. In
10. A. bags B. money C. keys D. card
命题思路：1.B. 考察上下文。为车子找“停车”的地方。从下文的where he had parked中亦能得到暗示。
2.C. 乔治是驾车到牙科诊所治病的，故不可能将车停在离诊所很远的地方，由于诊所附近没有合适的停车之处，因此，只能将车停在离诊所有一段距离的一条街上。
3.D. 根据行文逻辑可以推知。另外，下一节首句再现了sat一词。
4.A 对partly…进行补充说明。
5.B 通过分析句子意义和结构，可知listening是乔治发生的动作，故应和watching并列用作伴随状语。
6.C. 考察上下文。他是在那条“街”上停的车。
7.B. 在口袋中“摸”钥匙，不是“寻找”。
8.A. 由上文He crossed into the square…可知。
9.B. 他的车起初之所以未被看见，原来是隐藏在一辆大车后面了。
10.C. 从still in his car可推知答案
总之，做完型填空试题要灵活运用所学语言基础知识。不断总结经验，培养
语感，掌握技巧，并持之以恒的进行训练，才能有所提高。