《鱼我所欲也》中文及英文翻译

时间：2020-09-23 13:46:49 鱼我所欲也我要投稿

《鱼我所欲也》中文及英文翻译

　　引导语：《鱼我所欲也》选自《孟子·告子上》，论述了孟子的一个重要主张：义重于生，当义和生不能两全时应该舍生取义。这部伟大的作品除了中国人喜欢之外，也一样为世界所喜爱。下面是小编整理的《鱼我所欲也》中文及英文翻译，一起来学习吧。

　　鱼我所欲也

　　孟子

　　原文

　　鱼，我所欲也，熊掌，亦我所欲也，二者不可得兼，舍鱼而取熊掌者也。生，亦我所欲也，义，亦我所欲也，二者不可得兼，舍生而取义者也。生亦我所欲，所欲有甚于生者，故不为苟得也。死亦我所恶，所恶有甚于死者，故患有所不辟也。如使人之所欲莫甚于生，则凡可以得生者何不用也。使人之所恶莫甚于死者，则凡可以辟患者何不为也!由是则生而有不用也;由是则可以辟患而有不为也。是故所欲有甚于生者，所恶有甚于死者。非独贤者有是心也，人皆有之，贤者能勿丧耳。

　　一箪食，一豆羹，得之则生，弗得则死。呼尔而与之，行道之人弗受;蹴尔而与之，乞人不屑也。

　　万钟则不辩礼义而受之，万钟于我何加焉!为宫室之美，妻妾之奉，所识穷乏者得我与?乡为身死而不受，今为宫室之美为之;乡为身死而不受，今为妻妾之奉为之;乡为身死而不受，今为所识穷乏者得我而为之：是亦不可以已乎?此之谓失其本心。

　　英文翻译

　　Mencius says, “Fish is what I desire, and so are bear’s paws. If I cannot have them both, I would choose the latter and forsake the former. Life is what I desire, and so is righteousness. If I cannot have them both, I would choose the latter and forsake the former. To be sure, life is desirable, but I will not stick to it discreditably if something more precious is to be desired. I hate death, but I will not shun it when there is something more abhorrent than it. To make life one’s greatest desire, what one would not resort to if only he could preserve it? To make death one’s greatest abhorrence, what one would not do if only he could avert it? Hence there is something not to be resorted to even for the preservation of life and something not to be done even for the evasion of death. Therefore, that one would prefer righteousness to life and abhor iniquity more than death is not only the case with sages, but is also true of everybody. What makes the difference is that the former would on no account lose this inclination. A morsel of food and a bowl of soup, however indispensable to his survival, would be rejected by a wanderer if given with indignities, and would be distained by a beggar if given with kicks. ”

　　“Thousands of piculs of grain acquired as reward without paying regard to honor and justice—what good would they do to me? Just useful for building splendid houses, supporting wife and concubines, or for winning the gratitude of poor acquaintances? Previously I refused them, even setting death at defiance. Yet now I accept them for the sake of building splendid houses, supporting wife and concubines and winning the gratitude of poor acquaintances—could it be said to be reasonable? It is called being destitute of one’s inborn nature. ”

　　白话译文

　　鱼是我所想要的，熊掌也是我所想要的，如果这两种东西不能同时得到，我宁愿舍弃鱼而选取熊掌。生命也是我所想要的，道义也是我所想要的，如果这两种东西不能同时得到，我宁愿舍弃生命而选取道义。生命是我所喜爱的，但我所喜爱的还有胜过生命的东西，所以我不做苟且偷生的事;死亡是我所厌恶的，但我所厌恶的还有超过死亡的事，所以有的灾祸我不躲避。如果人们所喜爱的东西没有超过生命的，那么凡是能够用来求得生存的手段，有什么不可以使用呢?如果人们所厌恶的事情没有超过死亡的，那么凡是能够用来逃避灾祸的方法哪会不采用呢?采用这种做法就能够活命，可是有的人却不肯采用;采用这种办法就能够躲避灾祸，可是有的人也不肯采用。是因为有比生命更想要的，有比死亡更厌恶的。并非只是贤人有这种本性，人人都有，只是贤人能够不丧失罢了。

　　一碗饭，一碗汤，吃了就能活下去，不吃就会饿死。没有礼貌的吆喝着给别人吃，过路的饥民也不肯接受;用脚踢着或踩过给别人吃，乞丐也不愿意接受。

　　可是有的人见了优厚的俸禄却不分辨是否合乎礼仪就接受了。这样，优厚的俸禄对我有什么好处呢?是为了住宅的`华丽、妻妾的侍奉和熟识的穷人感激我吗?先前有的人宁肯死也不愿接受，现在有的人为了住宅的华丽却接受了;先前有的人宁肯死也不愿接受，现在有的人为了大小老婆的侍奉却接受了;先前有的人宁肯死也不愿接受，现在有的人为了所认识的贫穷的人感激自己却接受了。这样看来这种做法不是可以停止了吗?这就叫做丧失了人所固有的羞恶廉耻之心。

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