英语四级真题试卷

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2024年英语四级真题试卷（精选2套）

　　在日常学习和工作生活中，我们最不陌生的就是试卷了，经过半个学期的学习，究竟学到了什么?需要试卷来帮我们检验。大家知道什么样的试卷才是好试卷吗？以下是小编为大家收集的2024年英语四级真题试卷，欢迎大家分享。

2024年英语四级真题试卷（精选2套）

　　2024年英语四级真题试卷1

　　Part I Reading Comprehension (共20小题，每小题2分，共40分)

　　Directions: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by four comprehension questions. Read the passage and answer the questions. Then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.

　　Passage 1

　　Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:

　　Some years ago the captain of a ship was very interested in medicine. He always took medicine books to sea and liked to talk about different diseases.

　　One day a lazy sailor on his ship pretended to be ill. He lay on his bunk (铺) and groaned as if he were very sick. The captain came to see him and was very pleased to have a patient to look after. He told the man to rest for a few days and made the other sailors do his work. Three days later another sailor pretended that he had something wrong with his chest. Once more the captain looked in his medical books and told “sick” man to have a rest.

　　The other sailors were very angry because they had more work to do. The patients had the best food and laughed at their friends when the captain was not looking. At last the mate (船长副手) decided to cure the “sick” men. He mixed up some soap, soot (烟灰), glue (胶水) and other unpleasant things. Then he obtained permission from the captain to give his medicine to the “sick” men. When they tasted the medicine, they really did feel ill. It was so horrible that one of the patients jumped out of hi bunk, ran up on desk and climbed the highest mast on the ship. He did not want any more medicine.

　　The mate told both of the men that they must take the medicine every half an hour, night and day. This soon cured them. They both said they felt better and wanted to start word again. The captain realized that the men tried to deceive him so he made them work very hard for the rest of the voyage.

　　1. The first sailor pretended to be ill because he wanted to .

　　A. test the captain’s knowledge of medicine B. be free from work

　　C. have the best food on the ship D. play a joke on his friends

　　2. When the captain knew a sailor was ill, he .

　　A. didn’t care much B. sent for a doctor

　　C. looked after him and told him to have a rest D. gave him some medicine

　　3. The patients felt better quickly because .

　　A. they had been given proper medicine

　　B. they learned that the captain had found out the truth

　　C. they were laughed at by their friends

　　D. the medicine the mate gave was horrible

　　4. When the captain knew he had been deceived, he .

　　A. told them not to do so again B. lost his temper

　　C. made them work harder D. fired them

　　5. Which of the following best summarizes the passage?

　　A. A sudden Cure. B. Two Patients. C. Captain and Sailors. D. A Difficult Voyage.

　　Passage 2

　　Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:

　　When aluminum was first produced about a hundred and fifty years ago, it was so difficult to separate form the ores in which it was found that its price was higher than that of gold. The price remained high until a new process was discovered for refining the metal with the aid of electricity approximately three quarters of a century later. The new method was so much cheaper that aluminum because practical for many purposes, one of which was making pots and pans.

　　Aluminum is lightweight, rustproof and easily shaped into different forms. By mixing it with other metals, scientists have been able to produce a variety of alloys, some of which have the strength of steel but weigh only one third as much.

　　Today, the uses of aluminum are innumerable. Perhaps its most important use is in transportation. Aluminum is found in the engine of automobiles, in the hulls of boats. It is also used in many parts of airplanes. In fact, the huge “airbus” planes would probably never have been produced if aluminum did not exist. By making vehicles lighter in weight aluminum has greatly reduced the amount of fuel needed to move them, Aluminum is also being used extensively in the building industry in some countries.

　　Since aluminum is such a versatile (多用的) metal, it is fortunate that bauxite (铝土矿), which is one of its chief sources, is also one of the earth’s most plentiful substances. As the source of aluminum is almost inexhaustible, we can expect that more and more uses will be found for this versatile metal.

　　6. The price of aluminum was sharply reduced when people discovered a new refining process with the aid of .

　　A. wind B. solar energy C. hydraulic power D. electricity

　　7. Aluminum is .

　　A. lightweight, rustproof but not easily shaped into different forms

　　B. heavyweight, rustproof and easily shaped into different forms

　　C. lightweight, rustproof and easily shaped into different forms

　　D. lightweight and easily shaped into different forms but it is easy to become rusty

　　8. Which of the following is NOT true?

　　A. Aluminum is widely used in transportation.

　　B. Aluminum is also used in many parts of airplanes.

　　C. Aluminum is being used extensively in the building industry.

　　D. Aluminum is not used in its pure form.

　　9. Aluminum is found on earth mostly in the form of .

　　A. pure metal B. bauxite C. gold D. liquid

　　10. What is the passage talking about?

　　A. The features of aluminum and its functions. B. The process of aluminum.

　　C. The discovery of aluminum. D. The promising future of aluminum.

　　Passage 3

　　Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:

　　The idea of a special day to honor mothers was first put forward in America in 1907. two years later a woman, Mrs. John Bruce Dodd, in the state of Washington proposed a similar day to honor the head of the family—the father. Her mother died when she was very young, and her father brought her up. She loved her father very much.

　　In response to Mrs. Dodd’s idea that same year—1909, the state governor of Washington proclaimed (宣布) the third Sunday in June Father’s Day. The idea was officially approved by President Woodrow Wilson in 1916. in 1924, President Calvin Coolidge recommended national observance of the occasion “to establish more intimate (亲密) relations between fathers and their children, and to impress upon fathers the full measure of their obligations.” The red or white rose is recognized as the official Father’s Day flower.

　　Father’s Day took longer to establish on a national scale than Mother’s Day, but as the idea grained popularity, tradesmen and manufacturers began to see the commercial possibilities. They encouraged sons and daughters to honor their fathers with small thank-you presents, such as a tie or pair of socks, as well as by sending greeting cards.

　　During the Second World War, American servicemen stationed in Britain began to request Father’s Day greeting cards to send home. This generated a response with British card publishers. Though at first the British public was slow to accept this rather artificial day, it’s now well celebrated in Britain on the third Sunday in June in much the same way as in America.

　　Father’s Day seems to be much less important as occasion than the Mother’s Day. Not many of the children offer their fathers some presents. But the American fathers still think they are much better fated than the fathers of many other countries, who have not even a day for their sake in name only.

　　11. When did Father’s Day officially begin to have national popularity?

　　A. 1907 B. 1909 C. 1916 D. 1924

　　12. Who first started the idea of holding the Father’s Day?

　　A. Mrs. John Bruce Dodd B. Mrs. John Bruce’s Mother

　　C. The government of Washington. D. Some businessmen.

　　13. What flower will be popular on Father’s Day?

　　A. Lily B. Water Lily C. Red rose or white rose D. Sunflower.

　　14. Which statement is true, a according to this passage?

　　A. It took even longer for Mother’s Day to gain national popularity.

　　B. The businessmen helped to make Father’s Day popular.

　　C. Father’s Day is only celebrated in America.

　　D. Father’s Day is only a trick of the businessmen to make money.

　　15. What was the first reaction of the British publishing towards Father’s Day?

　　A. They thought highly of it and accepted it at once.

　　B. They just accepted it at once without any hesitation.

　　C. They just thought it a joke.

　　D. They thought it was too artificial and took a long time to accept.

　　Passage 4

　　Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage:

　　Culture shock is an occupational disease (职业病) for people who have been suddenly transplanted abroad.

　　Culture shock is caused by the anxiety that results from losing all familiar signs and symbols of social intercourse. Those signs are as following: when to shake hands and what to say when meet people, when and how to give tips, how to make purchases, when to accept and refuse invitations, when to take statements seriously and when not. These signs, which may be words, gestures, facial expressions, or customs, are acquired by all of us in the course of growing up and as much a part of our culture as the language we speak or the beliefs we accept. All of us depend on hundreds of these signs for our peace of mind and day-to-day efficiency, but we do not carry most at the level of conscious awareness.

　　Now when an individual enters a strange culture, all or most of these familiar signs are removed. No matter how broadminded or full of good will you may be a series of supports have been knocked from under you, followed by a feeling of frustration. When suffering from culture shock people first reject the environment which caused discomfort. The ways of the host country are bad because they make us feel bad. When foreigners in a strange land get together in complain about the host country its people, you can be sure that they are suffering from culture shock.

　　16. According to the passage, culture shock is .

　　A. an occupational disease of foreign people B. may lead to very serious symptoms

　　C. actually not a disease D. incurable

　　17. According to the passage, culture shock result from .

　　A. the sudden change of social atmosphere and customs

　　B. the sudden change of our daily habits

　　C. the sudden loss of our own signs and symbols

　　D. the discomfort that we feel when faced with a foreigner

　　18. Which one of the following may not be a symptom of culture shock?

　　A. You don’t know how to express your gratitude.

　　B. You don’t know how to greet other people.

　　C. You suddenly forget what a word means.

　　D. You don’t understand why a foreigner shrugs.

　　19. According to the passage, how would a person who stays abroad most probably react when he is frustrated by the culture shock?

　　A. He is most likely to refuse to absorb the strange environment at first.

　　B. He is really to accept the change and adapt himself to the new environment.

　　C. Although he takes the culture difference for granted, he still doesn’t know how to do with it.

　　D. He may begin to hate the people or things around him.

　　20. The main idea of this passage is that .

　　A. culture shock is an occupational disease

　　B. culture shock is caused by the anxiety of living in a strange culture

　　C. culture shock has peculiar symptoms

　　D. it is very hard to cope with life in a new setting

　　Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage:

　　In a family where the roles of men and women are not sharply separated and where many household tasks are shared to a greater or lesser extent, notions of male superiority are hard to maintain. The pattern of sharing in tasks and in decisions makes for equality and this in turn leads to further sharing. In such a home, the growing boy and girl learn to accept equality more easily than did their parents and to prepare more fully for participation in a world characterized by cooperation rather by the “battle of the sexes”.

　　If the process goes too far and man’s role is regarded as less important—and that has happened in some cases—we are as badly off as before, only in reverse.

　　It is time to reassess the role of the man in the American family. We are getting a little tired of “Monism”—but we don’t want to exchange it for a “neo-Popism”. What we need, rather, is the recognition that bringing up children involves a partnership of equals. There are sings that psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, and specialists on the family are becoming more aware of the part men play and that they have decided that women should not receive all the credit—nor the blame. We have almost given up saying that a woman’s place is in the home. We are beginning, however, to analyze man’s place in the home and to insist that he does have a place on it. Nor is that place irrelevant to the healthy development of the child.

　　The family is a co-operative enterprise for which it is difficult to lay down rules, because each family needs to work out its own ways for solving its own problems.

　　Excessive authoritarianism (命令主义) has unhappy consequences, whether it wears skirts or trousers, and the ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is pertinent (相关的，切题的) not only to a healthy democracy, but also to a healthy family.

　　16. The ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is .

　　A. fundamental to a sound democracy B. not pertinent to healthy family life

　　C. responsible for Monism D. what we have almost given up

　　17. The danger in the sharing of household tasks by the mother and the father is that .

　　A. the role of the father may become an inferior one

　　B. the role of the mother may become an inferior one

　　C. the children will grow up believe that life is a battle of sexes

　　D. sharing leads to constant arguing

　　18. The author states that bringing up children .

　　A. is mainly the mother’s job B. belongs among the duties of the father

　　C. is the job of schools and churches D. involves a partnership of equals

　　19. According to the author, the father’s role in the home is .

　　A. minor because he is an ineffectual parent

　　B. irrelevant to the healthy development of the child

　　C. pertinent to the healthy development of the child

　　D. identical to the role of the child’s mother

　　20. With which of the following statements would the author be most likely to agree?

　　A. A healthy, co-operative family is a basic ingredient of a healthy society.

　　B. Men are basically opposed to sharing household chores.

　　C. Division of household responsibilities is workable only in theory.

　　D. A woman’s place is always in the home.

　　Part II Vocabulary and Structure (共40小题，每小题1分，共40分)

　　Directions: In this part there are forty incomplete sentences. Each sentence is followed by four choices. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.

　　21. The teacher the students on a tour through the art museum.

　　A. made B. indicated C. forced D. took

　　22. Tom’s parents died when he was a child, so he was by his relatives.

　　A. grown up B. brought up C. raised D. fed up

　　23. Here is my card. Let’s keep in .

　　A. touch B. relation C. connection D. friendship

　　24. So far there is no proof people from other planets do exist.

　　A. which B. how C. what D. that

　　25. The newspapers reported yesterday several on the boundaries of these two countries.

　　A. incidents B. happenings C. events D. accidents

　　26. We’ve worked out the plan and now we must put it into .

　　A. fact B. reality C. practice D. deed

　　27. He didn’t and so he failed the examination.

　　A. work enough hard B. hard work enough C. hard enough work D. work hard enough

　　28. Not until Mr. Smith came to China what kind of country she is.

　　A. he knew B. he didn’t know C. did he know D. he couldn’t know

　　29. Scientists say it may be ten years this medicine was put to use.

　　A. since B. before C. after D. when

　　30. In some countries, is called “equality” does not really mean equal rights for all people.

　　A. that B. what C. which D. how

　　31. We didn’t know his telephone number, otherwise we him.

　　A. would telephone B. would have telephone

　　C. had telephoned D. must have telephoned

　　32. We’ve missed the last bus, I’m afraid we have no but to take a taxi.

　　A. way B. possibility C. choice D. selection

　　33. Luckily, most sheep the flood last month.

　　A. endured B. survived C. lived D. passed

　　34. My parents always let me have my own of living.

　　A. way B. method C. manner D. fashion

　　35. Like other language skills, reading requires practice.

　　A. the most of B. much of the C. most of the D. more of the

　　36. It is only through practice one will be able to swim skillfully.

　　A. what B. who C. that D. which

　　37. The brain is capable of ignoring pain message of to concentrate on other activities.

　　A. it allowed B. is it allowed C. allowed D. allowed it

　　38. Don’t worry, I have already them the decision.

　　A. informed; with B. informed; of C. informed; for D. informed; that

　　39. The child was sorry his mother when he arrived at the station.

　　A. to miss B. having missed C. missing D. to have missed

　　40. I wonder why he to discuss the problem at the meeting.

　　A. declined B. rejected C. refused D. delayed

　　41. You can hang up what you like on these walls.

　　A. bare B. empty C. blank D. vacant

　　42. According to a , the majority would rather have newspapers without a government than a government without newspapers.

　　A. election B. campaign C. poll D. vote

　　43. The population of the village has decreased 150 to 500.

　　A. in B. at C. by D. with

　　44. It seems that there is that I can’t do.

　　A. nothing B. anything C. everything D. none

　　45. They are often caring more about animals than human beings.

　　A. accused if B. accused with C. charged of D. charged for

　　46. a good beginning is made, the word is half done.

　　A. As soon as B. While C. As D. Once

　　47. George could not his foolish mistake.

　　A. account in B. count on C. count for D. account for

　　48. We came into this field late, so we must work hard to the lost time.

　　A. make up for B. make out C. keep up with D. put up with

　　49. The new law will came into on the day it is passed.

　　A. effect B. use C. service D. existence

　　50. We can separate the mixture into the pure chemical compounds it is composed.

　　A. in which B. of what C. of which D. from which

　　51. Mrs. Lincoln has that she is unable to get a job.

　　A. such small education B. so little education

　　C. a such little education D. a so small education

　　52. She can’t prevent her little boy shooting birds.

　　A. from; to B. on; at C. with; up D. from; at

　　53. Many countries are increasing their use of natural gas, wind and other forms of .

　　A. energy B. source C. power D. material

　　54. A darkened sky in the daytime is usually and indication that a storm is .

　　A. possible coming B. about to take place

　　C. close by D. expected to be severe

　　55. We all know that speak louder than words.

　　A. movements B. performance C. operations D. actions

　　56. , he could not cover the whole distance in fifteen minutes.

　　A. Fast as he can B. As he can ran fast

　　C. If he can ran fast D. Since he ran fast

　　57. Agricultural production in that country has increased in recent years.

　　A. vastly B. strikingly C. considerably D. extremely

　　58. Peter has planned to some money every month so that he can buy a used car next year.

　　A. set aside B. set up C. set in D. set along

　　59. Although I spoke to him many times, he never took any of what I said.

　　A. attention B. notice C. warning D. observation

　　60. They overcame all the difficulties and fulfilled the plan three months ahead of time, is something we had not expected.

　　A. that B. what C. it D. which

　　Part III Cloze (共20小题，每小题1分，共20分)

　　Directions: There are twenty blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices. Choose the one that best fits into the passage and then marks your answer on the Answer Sheet.

　　Most Americans don’t like to get advice from members of their family. When they need advice, they don’t usually 61 people they know. 62 , many Americans write letters to newspapers and magazines which give advice 63 many different subjects, including family problem, sex, the use 64 the language, health, cooking, children, and how to buy a house or a car.

　　65 newspaper regularly print letters 66 readers with problems. Along 67 the letters there are answers written 68 people who are supposed to know how to 69 such problems. Some of these writers are doctors: 70 are lawyers or educators. But two of the most famous writers of advice 71 women without special training 72 this kind of work. One of them answers letters 73 to “Dear Abby”. The other is addressed 74 “Dear Ann Landers”. Experience is their preparation for 75 advice.

　　There is one writer who has not lived long 76 to have much experience. She is a girl named Angel Cavaliere, who started writing 77 for newspaper readers 78 the age of ten, her advice to young readers now 79 regularly in the Philadelphia Bulletin in a column 80 DEAR ANGEL.

　　61. A. talk B. ask C. tell D. speak

　　62. A. Because B. Instead C. When D. As

　　63. A. for B. in C. on D. with

　　64. A. with B. on C. to D. of

　　65. A. Most B. These C. Those D. The

　　66. A. from B. for C. to D. about

　　67. A. in B. with C. on D. for

　　68. A. to B. for C. about D. by

　　69. A. make B. overcome C. beat D. solve

　　70. A. some B. many C. others D. those

　　71. A. is B. are C. were D. was

　　72. A. for B. on C. at D. by

　　73. A. made B. addressed C. written D. sent

　　74. A. with B. for C. as D. by

　　75. A. producing B. giving C. making D. sending

　　76. A. time B. yet C. way D. enough

　　77. A. advise B. answers C. advice D. problems

　　78. A. at B. on C. in D. about

　　79. A. gives B. sends C. appears D. writes

　　There are two factors which determine an individual’s intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born 61 . Human brains differ considerably, 62 being more capable than others. 63 no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence 64 he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what 65 to the individual—the sort of environment in which he is brought 66 . If an individual is handicapped (受阻碍) 67 , it is likely that his brain will 68 to develop and he will 69 attain the level of intelligence of which he is 70 .

　　The importance of environment in determining an individual’s intelligence can be 71 by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and John. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they are placed in 72 foster (寄养) homes. Peter was reared by parents of low intelligence in an 73 community with poor educational 74 . John, 75 , was educated in the home of well-to-do parents who has been to college. This environmental 76 continued until the twins were 77 their late teens, 78 they were given tests to 79 their intelligence. John’s I.Q. (智商) was 125, twenty-five points higher than the 80 and fully forty points higher than his identical brother.

　　61. A. for B. by C. with D. in

　　62. A. most B. some C. many D. few

　　63. A. But B. For C. Still D. And

　　64. A. if B. thought C. as D. unless

　　65. A. refers B. applies C. happens D. concerns

　　66. A. about B. up C. forward D. forth

　　67. A. relatively B. intelligently C. regularly D. environmentally

　　68. A. fail B. help C. manage D. stop

　　69. A. ever B. never C. even D. nearly

　　70. A. able B. capable C. available D. acceptable

　　71. A. demonstrated B. denied C. neglected D. ignored

　　72. A. separate B. similar C. remote D. individual

　　73. A. omitted B. isolated C. enclosed D. occupied

　　74. A. possibilities B. opportunities C. capacities D. responsibilities

　　75. A. moreover B. consequently C. then D. however

　　76. A. exception B. division C. difference D. alteration

　　77. A. in B. by C. at C. for

　　78. A. while B. since C. when D. because

　　79. A. estimate B. count C. decide D. measure

　　80. A. average B. common C. usual D. ordinary

　　第II卷(共50分)

　　Part IV Translation (共35分)

　　Section A (共5小题，每小题4分，共20分)

　　Directions: Translate the following sentences into Chinese. You may refer to the corresponding passages in Part I.

　　81、The captain realized that the men tried to deceive him so he made them work very hard for the rest of the voyage. (Passage One)

　　82、By making vehicles lighter in weight aluminum has greatly reduced the amount of fuel needed to move them, (Passage Two)

　　83、As the source of aluminum is almost inexhaustible, we can expect that more and more uses will be found for this versatile metal. (Passage Two)

　　84Not many of the children offer their fathers some presents. But the American fathers still think they are much better fated than the fathers of many other countries, who have not even a day for their sake in name only. (Passage Three)

　　85Culture shock is caused by the anxiety that results from losing all familiar signs and symbols of social intercourse. (Passage Four)

　　84In a family where the roles of men and women are not sharply separated and where many household tasks are shared to a greater or lesser extent, notions of male superiority are hard to maintain. (Passage Four)

　　Section B (共5小题，每小题3分，共15分)

　　Directions: Translate the following sentences into English.

　　86、如果你听从我的劝告，你可能会获胜。

　　87、新班机不直接飞往罗马，二是要绕道巴黎。

　　88、他如此愚蠢竟然认敌为友。

　　89、此规定不适用于你，你还未满18岁。

　　90、每个人手里都有一张申请表，但却都不知道送往哪个办公室。

　　Part V Writing (共15分)

　　Directions: For this part, you are given thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: How to Solve the Problem of Heavy Traffic. You should write no less than 150 words and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:

　　1、为解决交通难的问题，有人建造多建造马路;

　　2、有人则建议限制私家车的数量;

　　3、我的看法。

　　参考答案

　　01-05 BCDCA 06-10 DCDBA 11-15 DACBD

　　16-20 CACCB 16-20 AADCA

　　21-25 DBADA 26-30 CDCAB 31-35 BCBAC 36-40 CCBDC

　　41-45 ACCAA 46-50 DDAAC 51-55 BDABD 56-60 ACABD

　　61-65 BBCDA 66-70 ABDDC 71-75 BABCB 76-80 DCACA

　　61-65 CBADC 66-70 BDABB 71-75 AABBD 76-80 CACDA

　　81、船长意识到这些船员是要欺骗他，因此，在余下的航程里他让他们干更累的活。

　　82、由于能够减轻运输工具本身的重量，铝材能大大地减少驱动它们本身所需的燃料。

　　83、由于铝的资源几乎是无止境的，我们可预计对这种多用途的金属将会发挥越来越多的用途。

　　84、不是很多孩子送给父亲礼物。但美国的父亲们仍然认为他们比在别的国家的父亲们幸运得多;因为在别的国家连一个名誉上的父亲节都没有。

　　85、文化震撼是由于社会交往过程中失去了所有本来熟悉的标记和符号引起焦虑而产生的。

　　84、在家庭中，若果男女的角色区别不明显，双方或多或少地共同分担许多家务活，男人具有优势的概念就很难存在。

　　85、无论是男方还是女方，过分的命令都会产生不愉快的后果。平等的权利和责任不仅关系到一个健康的民主国家，也关系到一个健康的家庭。

　　86. If you follow my advice, you’ll probably succeed.

　　87. The next flight doesn’t go direct to Rome but (it) goes by way of Pairs.

　　88. He is so foolish as to take the enemy for friends.

　　89. The regulation doesn’t apply to you. You are under 18.

　　90. Everyone had an application from in his hand, but no one knew which office to send it to.

　　Part V 参考例文

　　How to Solve the Problem of Heavy Traffic

　　People now become more and more concerned about the heavy traffic problem. They have proposed different ways to solve the problem. Some people have suggested that more roads be built and expanded to relieve the pressure of traffic. Others believe that traffic congestion is the most common problem in modern big cities, which cannot be solved unless new ways of public transportation are found. And still others think that the number of private cars should be strictly controlled by the government.

　　Firstly, it is very difficult to construct new roads or expand the roads to meet the new needs in the heavily populated urban area. Secondly, more and more people in China desire to own a car to satisfy their vanity. However, automobiles take up too much time and space. If everyone has his or her car, the traffic congestion seems to be inevitable and driving to work would be a nightmare. Thirdly, cars pollute our air, which eventually leads to many serious diseases.

　　Therefore, in my opinion, on the one hand, more roads should be built if it is possible; on the other hand, some measures must be taken to control the number of automobiles in the cities, so that the traffic congestion could be possibly be solved.

　　大学英语四级真题试卷2

　　Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)

　　Section A

　　Diretions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

　　Example: You will hear:

　　You will read: A) At the office. B) In the waiting room.

　　C) At the airport. D) In a restaurant.

　　From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had

　　to finish in the evening. This is most likely to have taken place at the office.

　　Therefore, A) "At the office" is the best answer. You should choose [A] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.

　　Sample Answer [ A ] [B] [C] [D]

　　1.A) She is not interested in the article.

　　B) She has given the man much trouble.

　　C) She would like to have a copy of the article.

　　D) She doesnt want to take the trouble to read the article.

　　2.A)He saw the big tower he visited on TV.

　　B) He has visited the TV tower twice.

　　C) He has visited the TV tower once.

　　D) He will visit the TV tower in June.

　　3.A) The woman has trouble getting along with the professor.

　　B) The woman regrets having taken up much of the professors time.

　　C) The woman knows the professor has been busy.

　　D) The woman knows the professor has run into trouble.

　　4.A) He doesnt enjoy business trips as much as he used to.

　　B) He doesnt think he is capable of doing the job.

　　C) He thinks the pay is too low to support his family.

　　D) He wants to spend more time with his family.

　　5 A)The man thought the essay was easy.

　　B) They both had a hard time writing the essay.

　　C) The woman thought the essay was easy.

　　D) Neigther of them has finished the assignment yet.

　　6.A) In the park. B) Between two buildings.

　　C) In his apartment. D) Under a huge tree.

　　7.A) Its awfully dull. B) Its really exciting.

　　C) Its very exhausting. D) Its quite challenging.

　　8.A) A movie. B) A lecture. C) A play. D) A speech.

　　9.A) The weather is mild compared to the past years.

　　B) They are having the coldest winter ever.

　　C) The weather will soon get warmer.

　　D) The weather may get even colder.

　　10.A) A mystery story.

　　B) The hiring of a shop assistant.

　　C) The search for a reliable witness.

　　D) An unsolved case of robbery.

　　Section B

　　Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each

　　passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

　　Passage One

　　questions 11 to 14 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　11.A) They want to change the way English is taught.

　　B) They learn English to find wella2paid jobs.

　　C) They want to have an upa2to date knowledge of English.

　　D) They know clearly what they want to learn.

　　12.A) Professionals.

　　B) College students.

　　C) Beginners.

　　D) Intermediate learners.

　　13.A) Courses for doctors.

　　B) Courses for businessmen.

　　C) Courses for reporters.

　　D) Courses for lawyers.

　　14.A) Three groups of learners.

　　B) The importance of business English.

　　C) English for Specific Purposes.

　　D) Features of English for different purposes.

　　Passage Two

　　Questions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　15.A) To show off their wealth.

　　B) To feel good.

　　C) To regain their memory.

　　D) To be different from others.

　　16.A) To help solve their psychological problems.

　　B) To play games with them.

　　C) To send them to the hospital.

　　D) To make them aware of its harmfulness.

　　17.A) They need care and affection.

　　B) They are fond of rounda2thea2world trips.

　　C) They are mostly from broken families.

　　D) They are likely to commit crimes.

　　Passage Three

　　Questions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　18.A) Because it was too heavy.

　　B) Because it did not bend easily.

　　C) Because it did not shoot far.

　　D) Because its string was short.

　　19.A) It went out of use 300 years ago.

　　B) It was invented after the shortbow

　　C) It was discovered before fire and the wheel.

　　D) Its still in use today.

　　20.A) They are accurate and easy to pull.

　　B) Their shooting range is 40 yards.

　　C) They are usually used indoors.

　　D) They took 100 years to develop.

　　Part II Vocabulary and Structure (20minutes)

　　Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the One answer that best completes the sentence. then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

　　21. As we can no longer wait for the delivery of our order, we have to _______it.

　　A) postpone B) refuse C) delay D) cancel

　　22. these books, which you can get at any bookshop, will give you _______ you need.

　　A) all the information B) all the informations

　　C) all of information D) all of the informations

　　23. Not until the game had begun_______ at the sports ground.

　　A) had he arrived B) would he have arrived

　　C) did he arrive D) should he have arrived

　　24. Young people are not _______ to stand and look at works of art; they want art theycan participate in.

　　A) conservative B) content C) confident D) generous

　　25. Most broadcasters maintain that TV has been unfairly criticized and argue that thepower of the medium is _______.

　　A) granted B) implied C) exaggerated D) remedied

　　26. These surveys indicate that many crimes go _______ by the police, mainly becausenot all victims report them.

　　A) unrecorded B) to be unrecorded C) unrecording D) to have been unrecorded

　　27. I have no objection _______ your story again.

　　A) to hear B) to hearing C) to having heard D) to have heard

　　28. The clothes a person wears may express his _______ or social position.

　　A) curiosity B) status C) determination D) significance

　　29. By law, when one makes a large purchase, he should have _______ opportunity tochange his mind.

　　A) accurate B) urgent C) excessive D) advertising

　　30. You will see this product _______ wherever you go.

　　A) to be advertised B) advertised C) advertise D) advertising

　　31. The early pioneers had to _______ many hardships to settle on the new land.

　　A) go along with B) go back on C) go through D) go into

　　32. The suggestion that the mayor _______ they prizes was accepted by everyone.

　　A) would present B) present C) presents D) ought to present

　　33. Beer is the most popular drink among male drinkers, _______ overall consumption issignificantly higher than that of women.

　　A) whose B) which C) that D) what

　　34. Peter, who had been driving all day, suggested _______ at the next town.

　　A) to stop B) stopping C) stop D) having stopped

　　35. I didnt know the word. I had to _______ a dictionary.

　　A) look out B) make out C) refer to D) go over

　　36. The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds _______ his argumentsin favourof the new theory.

　　A) to be based on B) to base on C) which to base on D) on which to base

　　37. There are signs _______ restaurants are becoming more popular with families.

　　A) that B) which C) in which D) whose

　　38. I think I was at school, _______ I was staying with a friend doring the vacation when I heard the news.

　　A) or else B) and then C) or so D) even so

　　39. It is said that the math teacher seems _______ towards bright students.

　　A) partial B) beneficial C) preferable D) liable

　　40. In order to show his boss what a careful worker he was, he took _______ troubleover the figures.

　　A) extensive B) spare C) extra D) supreme

　　41. --"May I speak to your manager Mr. Williams at five oclock tonight?"

　　--"Im sorry. M. Williams _______ to a conference long before then."

　　A) will have gone B) had gone C) would have gone D) has gone

　　42. You _______ him so closely; you should have kept your distance.

　　A) shouldnt follow B) mustnt follow

　　C) couldnt have been following D) shouldnt have been following

　　43. The growth of parta2time and flexible working patterns, and of training and retraining schemes, _______ more women to take advantage of employment opportunities.

　　A) have allowed B) allow C) allowing D) allows

　　44. Everybody _______ in the hall where they were welcomed by the secretary.

　　A) assembled B) accumulated C) piled D) joined

　　45. Putting in a new window will _______ cutting away part of the roof.

　　A) include B) involve C) contain D) comprise

　　46. Living in the western part of the country has its problems, _______ obtainingfreshwater is not the least.

　　A) with which B) for which C) of which D) which

　　47. In the _______ of the project not being a success, the investors stand to lose upto $30 million.

　　A) face B) time C) event D) course

　　48. The manager would rather his daughter _______ in the same office.

　　A) had not worked B) not to work C) does not work D) did not work

　　49. _______, he does get annoyed with her sometimes.

　　A) Although much he likes her B) Much although he likes her

　　C) As he likes her much D) Much as he likes her

　　50. The British constitution is _______ a large extent a product of the historicalevents described above.

　　A) within B) to C) by D) at

　　PartIII Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)

　　Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some

　　questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

　　Passage One

　　Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage:

　　Long after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still cursing thedisputed refereeing (裁判) decisions that denied victory to their team. A researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees.

　　The researcher organized an experimental tournament (锦标赛) involving four youth teams. Each match lasted an hour, divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in charge.

　　Observers noted down the referees errors, of which there were 61 over the tournament. Converted to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23mistakes, a remarkably high number.

　　The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyse the matches in detail. Surprisingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident. When the officials got it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action. The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters.The research shows the optimum (最佳的) distance is about 20 meters.

　　There also seemed to be an optimum speed. Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second. The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second.

　　If FIFA, footballs international ruling body, wants to improve the standard ofrefereeing at the next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball,the researcher argues.

　　He also says that FIFAs insistence that referees should retire at age 45 may be misguided. If keeping up with the action is not so important, their physical condition is less critical.

　　51. The experiment conducted by the researcher was meant to _______.

　　A) review the decisions of referees at the 1998 World Cup

　　B) analyse the causes of errors made by football referees

　　C) set a standard for football refereeing

　　52. The number of refereeing errors in the experimental matches was _______.

　　A) slightly above average B) higher than in the 1998 World Cup

　　C) quite unexpected D) as high as in a standard match

　　53. The findings of the experiment show that _______.

　　A) errors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ball

　　B) the farther the referee is from the incident, the fewer the errors

　　C) the more slowly the referee runs, the more likely will errors occur

　　D) errors are less likely when a referee stays in one spot

　　54. The word "officials" (Line 2, Para. 4) most probably refers to _______.

　　A) the researchers involved in the experiment

　　B) the inspectors of the football tournament

　　C) the referees of the football tournament

　　D) the observers at the site of the experiment

　　55. What is one of the possible conclusions of the experiment?

　　A) The ideal retirement age for an experienced football referee is 45.

　　B) Age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee.

　　C) A football referee should be as young and energetic as possible.

　　D)An experienced football referee can do well even when in poor physical condition.

　　Passage Two

　　Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage:

　　While still in its early stages, welfare reform has already been judged a greatsuccess in many states ?a at least in getting people off welfare. Its estimated that more than 2 million people have left the rolls since 1994.

　　In the past four years, welfare rolls in Athens County have been eut in half. But 70 percent of the people who left in the past two years took jobs that paid less than $6 an hour. The result: The Athens County poverty rate still remains atmore than 30 percent--twice the national average.

　　For advocates (代言人)for the poor, thats an indication much more needs to be done.

　　"More people are getting jobs, but its not making their lives any better," says Kathy Lairn，a policy analyst at the Center on Budget and Policy Pricorities in Washington.

　　A center analysis of US Census data nationwide found that between 1995 and 1996,a greater percentage of single, femalea2headed households were earning money on their own, but that average income for these households actually went down.

　　but for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as

　　well without government aid as they did with it is in itself a huge victory.

　　"Welfare was a poison. It was a toxin (毒素) that was poisoning the family," says Robert Rector, a welfarea2reform policy analyst. "The reform is changing the moral climate in lowa2income communities. Its beginning to rebuild the work ethic (道德观)，which is much more important."

　　Mr. Rector and others argued that once "the habit of dependency is cracked," then the country can make other policy changes aimed at improving living standards.

　　56. From the passage, it can be seen that the author _______.

　　A) believes the reform has reduced the governments burden

　　B) insists that welfare reform is doing little good for the poor

　　C) is overenthusiastic about the success of welfare reform

　　D) considers welfare reform to be fundamentally successful

　　57. Why arent people enjoying better lives when they have jobs?

　　A) Because many families are divorced.

　　B) Because government aid is now rare.

　　C) Because their wages are low.

　　D) Because the cost of living is rising.

　　58. What is worth noting from the example of Athens County is that _______.

　　A) greater efforts should be made to improve peoples living standards

　　B) 70 percent of the people there have been employed for two years

　　C) 50 percent of the population no longer relies on welfare

　　D) the living standards of most people are going down

　　59. From the passage we know that welfare reform aims at _______.

　　A) saving welfare funds

　　B) rebuilding the work ethic

　　C) providing more jobs

　　D) cutting government expenses

　　60. According to the passage, before the welfare reform was carried out, _______.

　　A) the poverty rate was lower

　　B) average living standards were higher

　　C) the average worker was paid higher wages

　　D) the poor used to rely on government aid

　　Passage Three

　　Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage:

　　Americans are proud of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of a five-star general. Why are uniforms so popular in the United States?

　　Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian (百姓的) Clothes. People have be come conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identity(身份) than to step out of uniform?

　　Uniforms also have many practical benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are tax-deductible(可减税的). They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.

　　Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them. Thoughthere are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act similarly, on the job at least.

　　Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems. Though they are long-lasting, often their initial expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes. Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes.

　　61. It is surprising that Americans who worship variety and individuality _______.

　　A) still judge a man by his clothes

　　B) hold the uniform in such high regard

　　C) enjoy having a professional identity

　　D) will respect an elevator operator as much as a general in uniform

　　62. People are accustomed to think that a man in uniform _______.

　　A) suggests quality work

　　B) discards his social identity

　　C) appears to be more practical

　　D) looks superior to a person in civilian clothes

　　63. The chief function of a uniform is to _______.

　　A) provide practical benefits to the wearer

　　B) make the wearer catch the public eye

　　C) inspire the wearers confidence in himself

　　D) provide the wearer with a professional identity

　　64. According to the passage, people wearing uniforms _______.

　　A) are usually helpful

　　B) have little or no individual freedom

　　C) tend to lose their individuality

　　D) enjoy greater popularity

　　65. The best title for this passage would be _______.

　　A) Uniforms and Society

　　B) The Importance of Wearing a Uniform

　　C) Practical Benefits of Wearing a Uniform

　　D) Advantages and Disadvantages of Uniforms

　　Passage Four

　　Question 66 to 70 are based on the following passage:

　　Since we are social beings, the quality of our lives depends in large measure on our interpersonal relationships. One strength of the human condition is our tendency to give and receive support from one another under stressful circumstances. Social support consists of the exchange of resources among people based on their interpersonal ties.

　　Those of us with strong support systems appear betterable to cope with major life

　　changes and daily hassles(困难). People with strong social ties live longer and have better health than those withou such ties.Studies over a range of illnesses, from depression to heart disease, reveal that the presence of social support helps people fend off(挡开) illness, and the absence of such support makes poor health more likely.

　　Social support cushions stress in a number of ways. First, friends, relatives, and co-workers may let us know that they value us. Our self-respect is streng thened when we feel accepted by others despite our faults and difficulties. Second, other people often provide us with informational support. They help us todefine and understand our problems and find solutions to them. Third, we typically find socialcompanionship supportive. Engaging in leisure-time activities with others helps us to meet our socialneeds while at the same time distracting(转移...注意力)us from our worries and troubles. Finally,other people may give us instrumental support ?a financial aid, material resources, and needed services-- that reduces stress by helping us resolve and cope with our problems.

　　66. Interpersonal relationships are important because _______.

　　A) they are indispensable to peoples social weel-being

　　B) they waken peoples desire to exchange resources

　　C) they help people to cope with life in the information era

　　D) they can cure a range of illnesses such as heart disease, etc.

　　67. Research shows that peoples physical and mental health _______.

　　A) relies on the social welfare systems which support them

　　B) has much to do with the amount of support they get from others

　　C) depends on their ability to deal with daily worries and troubles

　　D)is closely related to their strength for coping with major changes in their lives

　　68. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word"cushions"(Line 1, Para.2)?

　　A) Adds up to. B) Does away with.

　　C) Lessens the effect of. D) Lays the foundation for.

　　69. Helping a sick neighbor with some repair work is an example of _______.

　　A) instrumental support B) informational support

　　C) social companionship D) the strengthening of self-respect

　　70. Social companionship is beneficial in that _______.

　　A) it helps strengthen our ties with relatives

　　B) it enables us to eliminate our faults and mistakes

　　C) it makes our leisure-time activities more enjoyable

　　D) it draws our attention away from our worries and troubles

　　PartIV Translation (15 minutes)

　　Directions: In this part, there are items, each consisting of one or two sentences for you to translate into Chinese. These sentences are all taken from the Reading Passates you have just read in Part Three of Test Paper One. You should refer back to the passaes so as to indentify their meaning in the context.

　　S1. (Lines 1-2, Para.1, Passage 1)

　　Long after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still cursing

　　the disputed refereeing(裁判) decisions that denied victory to their team.

　　_________________________________________________________________________

　　S2. (Lines 1-2, Para.6, Passage 2)

　　But for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well without government aid as they did with it is in itself a huge victory.

　　_________________________________________________________________________

　　S3. (Lines 5-6, Para.2, Passage 3)

　　What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter tolose professional identity(身份) than to step out of uniform?

　　_________________________________________________________________________

　　S4. (Lines 3-4, para.1, Passage 4)

　　Social support consists of the exchange of resources among people based on their interpersonal ties.

　　_________________________________________________________________________

　　Part V Writing (30 minutes)

　　Directions:For this part, you are alowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Is A Test of Spoken English Necessary? You should write at least 100 words, and base your compotition on the outline given in Chinese below:

　　1.很多人认为有必要举行英语口语考试，理由是......

　　2.也有人持不同的意见，......

　　3.我的看法和打算

　　Is a Test of Spoken English Necssary?

　　A test of spoken English will be included as an optional component of the College English Test (CET).

　　2000年6月大学英语四级考试(听力材料)

　　Section A

　　1. M: Would you like a copy of profesor Smiths article?

　　W: Thanks, it its not too much trouble.

　　Q: What does the woman imply?

　　2. W: Did you visit the Television Tower when you had your vacation in Shanghai last summer?

　　M: I couldnt make it last June. But I finally visited it two months later. I planto visit it again sometime next year.

　　Q: What do we learn about the man?

　　3. M: Prof. Kennedy has been very busy this semester. As far as I know, he works until midnight every day.

　　W: I wouldt have troubled him so much if I had known be was so busy.

　　Q: What do we learn from the conversation?

　　4. W: If I were you, I would have accepted the job.

　　M: I turned down the offer because it would mean frequent business trips away frommy family.

　　Q: Why didnt the man accept the job?

　　5. M: How are you getting on whith your eassay, Mary? Im having a real hard time with mine.

　　W: After two sleepless nights, Im finally through with it.

　　Q: What do we learn from this conversation?

　　6. W: Where did you say you found this bag?

　　M: It was lying under a big tree between the park and the apartment building.

　　Q: Where did the man find the bag?

　　7. M: Wouldnt you get bored with the same routine year after year teaching the same things to children?

　　W: I dont think it would be as boring as working in an office. Teaching is moststimulating.

　　Q: What does the woman imply about office work?

　　8. M: I was terribly embarrassed when some of the audience got up and left in themiddle of the performance.

　　W: Well, some people just cant seem to appreciate real-life drama.

　　Q: What are they taling about?

　　9. W: Oh, its so cold. We havent had such a severe winter for so long, have we ?

　　M: Yes the forecast says its going to get worse before it warms up.

　　Q: What do we learn from the conversation?

　　10. M: You were seen hanging about the store on the night when it was robbed, werentyou?

　　W: Me? You must have made a mistake. I as at home that night.

　　Q: What are they taling about?

　　Section B

　　Passage One

　　There are three groups of English learners; beginners, intermediate learners, and learners of special English. Beginners need to learn the basics of English. Students who have reached an intermediate level benefit from learning general English skills. But what about students who want to lean specialist English for their work or professional life? Most students, who fit into this third group have a clear idea about what they want to lean. A bank clerk, for example, wants to u se this specialist vocabulary and technical terms of finance. But for teachers, deciding how to teach specialist English is not always so easy. For a start, the variety is enormous. Every field from airline pilots to secretaries has its own vocabulary and technical terms. Teachers also need to have an up-to-date knowledge of the that specialist language, and not many teachers are exposed to working environments outside the classroom. These issues have influenced the way specialist English is taught in schools. This type of course is usually known as English for Specific Purposes, or ESP and there isnt ESP courses for almost every area of professional and working life. In Britain, for example, there are courses which teach English for doctors, lawyers, reporters, travel agents and people working in the hotel industry. By far, the most popular ESP courses are for business English.

　　11. What is the characteristic of learners of special English?

　　12. Who needs ESP courses most?

　　13. What are the most popular ESP courses in Britain?

　　14. What is the speaker mainly talking about?

　　Passage Two

　　The first step to stop drug abuse is knowing why people start to use drugs. The reasons people abuse drugs are as different as people are from one to another. but there seems to be one common thread: people seem to take drugs to changes the way they feel. They want to feel better or feel happy or to feel nothing. Sometimes, they want to forget or to remember. People often feel better about themselves when they are under the influence of drugs. But the effects dont last long. Drugs dont solve problems. They just postpone them. No matter how far drug s may take you, its always around trip. After a while, people who miss drugs ma y feel worse about themselves, and they they may use more drugs. If someone you know is using or abusing drugs, you can help. The most important part you can pl ay is to be there. You can let your friends know that you care. You can listen a nd try to solve the problem behind your friends need to use drugs. Two people together can often solve a problem that seems too big for one person alone. Studies of heavy abusers in the United States show that they felt unloved and unwanted. They didnt have close friends to talk to. When you or your friends take the time to care for each other, youre all helping to stop drugs abuse. After all, what is a friend for?

　　15. Why do some people abuse drugs?

　　16. According to the passage, what is the best way to stop friends from abusing drugs?

　　17. What are the findings of the studies about heavy drug users?

　　Passage Three

　　Bows and arrows, are one of mans oldest weapons. They gave early man an effective weapon to kill his enemies. The ordinary bow or short bow as used by nearly all early people. This bow had limited power and short range. However, man overcame these faults by learning to track his targets at a close range. The long how was most likely discovered when someone found out that a five-foot piece of wood made a better bow than a three-food piece. Hundreds of thousands of these bows were made and used for three hundred years. However, not one is known to survive today. We believe that a force of about one hundred pounds was needed to pull the string all the way back on a long bow. For a long time the bow was just a bent stick and string. In fact, more changes have taken place in a bow in the past 25 years than in the last 7 centuries. Today, bow is forceful. It is as exact as a gun. In addition, it requires little strength to draw the string. Modern bows also have precise aiming devices. In indoor contest, perfect scores from 40 yards are common. The invention of the bows itself ranks with discovery of fire and the wheel. It was a great-step-forward for man.

　　18. Why did man have no track his target at a close range when using a short bow ?

　　19. What does the passage tell us about long bow?

　　20. What do we know about modern bows?

　　Part I Listening Comprehension

　　1-10: CCBDB DACDD

　　11-20: DABCB AACBA

　　Part II Reading Comprehension

　　21. D 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. C

　　26. A 27. B 28. B 29. D 30. B

　　31. C 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. C

　　36. D 37. A 38. A 39. A 40. C

　　41. A 42. D 43. D 44. A 45. B