代词知识点的归纳总结
总结是指社会团体、企业单位和个人在自身的某一时期、某一项目或某些工作告一段落或者全部完成后进行回顾检查、分析评价，从而肯定成绩，得到经验，找出差距，得出教训和一些规律性认识的一种书面材料，它能够给人努力工作的动力，不如立即行动起来写一份总结吧。总结怎么写才能发挥它的作用呢？下面是小编帮大家整理的代词知识点的归纳总结，欢迎大家借鉴与参考，希望对大家有所帮助。
代词知识点的归纳总结 篇1
【代词】
人称代词，物主代词，反身代词
类别 人称 主格 宾格 形容词性 物主代词 名词性 物主代词 反身代词
第一人称
单数 复数
we us our ours ourselves I me my mine myself
第二人称
单数 复数
you you your yours yourself you you your yours yourselves
第三人称
单数 复数
he him his his himself they them their theirs themselves
she her her hers herself
it it its its itself
1.人称代词
人称代词it的特殊用法：一般it指“它”，但在表示天气、时间、距离等时，用it来代替，此时的it并不译为“它”。
当三个人称代词(单数)同时出现时，其先后顺序为you，he，I。而复数一般采用we，you，they顺序。
2.物主代词
物主代词的用法：
形容词性物主代词后面一定要跟上一个名词。
名词性物主代词可作主语、表语、宾语。
3.反身代词
(1)反身代词的构成分两种：第一、二人称反身代词在形容词：性物主代词后加上self或selves，第三人称的反身代词在宾格代词后加上self或selves.
(2)反身代词的用法：一种是作宾语，由主语发出的动作又回到动作者本身。
如：I enjoyed myself at the party.另一种是作名词或代词的同位语;用来加强语气。如：I can do it myself.
(3)初中阶段由反身代词构成的常用词组有：enjoy oneself，help oneself to，learn by oneself，teach oneself，(all)by oneself，leave...by oneself，lose oneself in等，在运用反身代词时，应注意它在数、性别上与哪一个保持一致。试比较：
“Help yourselves to some fish，Tom and Mike.”与I can’t leave the girl by herself.
指示代词
指示代词的特殊用法：
(1)为了避免重复，可用that，those代替前面提到过的名词，但是this，these不可以。
(2)this，that有时可代替句子或句子中的一部分。
不定代词
主要不定代词的用法：
(1)one的用法
A. one作为代词可以指人，也可以指物。
B. one，ones (one的复数形式) 可用来代替前面出现过的少数名词，以避免重复。
C. one的前面可用this，that，the，which等词来修饰。
D. 常有a+形容词+one这一形式。
it和one的用法区别：it用来指特定的东西，而one则用于替代不特定的东西。
(2)some和any的用法区别
A. some，any可与单、复数可数名词和不可数名词连用。some一般用于肯定句，any一般用于否定句，疑问句和条件句中。
B. some，any与—thing，—body，—one构成的合成词的用法与some，any一样。
C.在疑问句中，一般不用some，只有当问句表示一种邀请或者请求，或期待一个肯定的回答时才能用some。
D. some在否定句中表示半否定，any表示全否定。
E.some用于单数可数名词前，表示“某个”而不是“一些”。
(3)other，another的用法
泛指 another=an other other (boys) others
特指 the other the other (boys) the others
功能
作主语、宾语、定语
作定语
作主语、宾语
A. another=another"另一个”，泛指众多者中的另一个，在原有基础上自然增加的另一个。一般后面接单数名词，前面不能加定冠词。有时another可以用在复数名词前表示“又”“再”，如：
I want to have another two cakes.我想再吃两个蛋糕。
B.the other表示两个中的另一个，常与one连用。常见形式是“one...the other...”。
C. other+复数名词=others
D. the other+复数名词=the others
(4) a11、both的用法
both表示“两者都……”，而a11表示“三个或三个以上的`人或物都……”。
a11、both在句中放在be动词，情态动词及助动词之后，放在实义动词之前。
(5) each和every的用法
A. each用来指两个或两个以上的人或物中的一个。every则指两个以上的人或物中的一个。
B. 从含义和语法功能上看，each是“单个”的意思，侧重个体，在句中可作主语、同位语、定语和宾语。而every是“每一个”之意，侧重全体、整体、共性。在句中只能作定语，也就是说它后面必须跟着名词。而由every构成的合成词后面绝不能跟名词。
(6)either，neither，both的用法
either：指两者中的任意一个。作主语谓语用单数。
neither：指两者都不，全否定。作主语谓语用单数。
both：指两者都。作主语谓语用复数。
(7)many和much
many只能和复数可数名词连用。
much只能和不可数名词连用。
注意：
a lot of/lots of / plenty of=much/many a large/great number of=many
a great/good deal of=much
(8)few，a few，little，a little
few，little表示否定含义，“很少”“几乎没有”;a few，a little表示肯定含义，有一些”。few，a few用在可数名词前，little，a little用在不可数名词前。
代词知识点的归纳总结 篇2
介词后跟有关系代词时要注意：此时的关系代词虽然用作介词的宾语，但不能省略，可以是which，但不能是that。另外，某些表示时间、地点或原因的“介词+关系代词”结构可以与相应的关系副词when, where, why 互换。例如：
This is the pan in which I boiled the milk. 这是我煮牛奶的锅。
I wanted to find someone with whom I could discuss music. 我想找一个能和我谈音乐的人。
The documents for which they were searching have been recovered. 他们找寻的文件已经找到了。
These are the reasons for which [why] we do it. 这些就是我们这样做的理由。
The period in which [when] man learnt to make tools of iron is called the Iron Age. 人类学会制造铁器的时期称为铁器时代。
代词知识点的归纳总结 篇3
1.疑问代词即指who，whom, whose,which,what等用于引出特殊疑问句的代词。它们在句中可用作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。如：
What did she say?她怎么说?
Which are our seats?哪些是我们的座位?
What are you worrying about?你为什么事烦恼?
【注】 who和whom只用作主语、宾语和表语，不用作定语;what, which, whose则既可用作主语、宾语和表语，也可用作定语。
2.what与which的用法区别：当选择的范围较明确时，用which;当选择的范围不明确时，用what。如：
which color do you like,red,back or while?
红色、黑色和白色，你喜欢哪种?
What color is your car?
你的汽车是什么颜色的?
【注】
1.由于what和who的.选择范围可以很大或不明确，所以其后可以跟else,表示其他的人(或事物)，但通常不跟表示特定范围的of短语;而which的选择范围相对比较小或明确，所以其后一般不接else，常与表示特定范围的of短语连用。
Who (What) else did you see there?
你在那儿还看到了別的什么人(什么东西)?
Which of the three girls is the oldest?
这三个女孩中哪个年纪最大?
2.另外，比较以下两句：
"Who is he?"他是谁? (who指姓名、关系等)
What is he?他是千什么的? (what指职业、地位等)
3.两个疑问代词同用的情况：
Where and when were you born?你出生在何时何地?
When and how did he go there?他是什么时候、怎么去那儿的?
Where is it?" "Where is what?" "它在哪儿?" "什么在哪儿?"
代词知识点的归纳总结 篇4
一、不定代词定语从句用法
在限制性定语从句中,当先行词指人时,关系词可用who(作宾语是还可用whom)或that,二者常可互换.
但在下列情况中,用who(m),而不用that：
(1) 当先行词是one,ones,any,few,anyone,anybody,someone,somebody,everyone,
everybody等词时.如：
Is there anyone who can answer this question?
He was among the few who managed to live through the enemy prison camp.
注：在非正式文体中可以说：You’re the one that knows where to go.)
(2) 当先行词是he,they,those,people,person等词时.如：
He who wants to catch fish just not mind getting wet.
Those who are against the proposal put up your hands.
注：在固定结构的谚语或习语中,可用he that….如：
He that promises too much means nothing.
(3) 当先行词有较长的后置定语修饰时.如：
Do you know the writer in blue with thick glasses who is speaking at the meeting?
(4) 在分隔式定语从句中,若先行词指人,为了明确修饰关系,应当用who(m).如：
A new master will came tomorrow who will teach you German.
There’s only one student in the school who/whom I wanted to see.
I was the only person in my office who was invited.
(5) 两个定语从句同时修饰一个指人的先行词,第二个定语从句常用who(m)来引导,如：
She is the only girl I know who can play the guitar.
二、定语从句用法归纳
定语从句由关系代词who、whom、whose、which、what、as和关系副词where、when、why等引导，但须记住：
1.what不能引导定语从句.
2.关系词的分析须考虑它在定语从句中的成分。
一.指人的关系代词有who、whose、whom、that. 试分析：
The old man who/whom /that we visited yesterday is a famous artist.
Miss Wang is taking care of the child whose parents have gone to Beijing .
The man with whom my father shook hands just now is our headmaster. (=The man who/whom that my father shook hands with just now is our headmaster.)注：
A. 指人时有时只用who不宜用that。
1.先行词为one、ones或anyone
(1)The comrade I want to learn from is the one who studies hard and works hard.
(2)Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.
2.先行词为these时
These who are going to Beijing are the best students of our school.
3.在there be 开头的句子中
There is a student who wants to see you.
4.一个句子中带有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that，另一个宜用who，以免重复。
The student that won the first prize is the monitor who works hards.
5.在非限制性定语从句中
A。I met a friend of mine in the street, who had just come from Japan.
B.主句以who开头的句子中,只用that,不用who。
二.指物的关系代词有which、whose(=of which)、that. 试分析：
1. I like the books which / that were written by Lu Xun.
2. The desks (which/that) we made last year were very good.
3. This is the house in which we lived last year. (= This is the house which /that we lived in last year.)
4. I live in the room whose windows face south. (= I live in the room ,the windows of which face south.)
注：
A. 介词如果位于作为其宾语的关系代词之前时，只能用whom、 which不能用who或that.
(1). The girl about whom they were talking is our monitor.
(2). The book in which there are many interesting things was written by Li Ming.
B. 部分短语动词中的介词不可与动词拆开，在定语从句中其介词不可前置，只能放在其动词之后。
Is this the book which she is looking for?
The old man who/whom they are waiting for is Professor Li.
The child who/whom she is looking after is Wang Ping’s son.
C. 指物时，下列情况下只能用that ，不宜用which。
(1)先行词为不定代词，如All、much、anything、everything、nothing、something、none、the one等。
We are willing to do anything that is good to the people.
I have told them all (that) I know.
All that can be done has been done.
(2)先行词是序数词或被序数词、修饰时。
The first book that I read last night was an English novel.
(3)先行词是形容词最高级或被最高级修饰时。
This is one of the most interesting films that I have ever seen.
This is the best that can be done now.
(4)如果有两个或两个以上分别表示人和物的先行词时(先行词既有人又有物)，定语从句的关系代词用which和who都不合适，只能用that。
We know nothing about the doctors and the hospitals that you are talking about.
There are sheep and men that can be seen on the hill.
(5)如果先行词被the only、the very、the last、the same、any、 few 、little、no、 all 、one of、 just修饰时。
This is the only book that can be lent to you.
(6)当主句是以which开头的特殊问句时，关系代词只用that。
Which is the dictionary that he used yesterday ?
D.只物时，下列情况下只能用which，不宜用that。
(1)关系代词放在介词之后
This is the factory in which we once worked.
(2)非限制性定语从句中
This is the book, which is written by Lu Xun.
(3)that，Those作主语时
Those which are on the desk are English books.
E.先行词前有such、the same、 as时, 关系代词用as，不用that, 但the same…as…表示同样的, the same…that…表示同一的
He knows as many people as are present at the meeting.
Such people as you refer to are rare nowadays.
三.比较When/which、where /which、why.
which I still never forget.
This is the day when I joined the party.
which he spent reading the books.
where I found the book.
which makes machines.
This is the place which we once visited.
which I will never forget.
which I am looking for.
限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别：
限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
All the students who study hard have passed.学习努力的学生都考试及格了。(只有努力的及格了，不努力的没及格。) All the students ,who study hard have passed.所有的学生都及格了，他们学习努力。(没有人不及格，这些学生都很努力。)
从句是先行词不可缺少的定语(如去掉，主句意思就不完整或不正确。) 从句是对先行词的附加说明(如去掉，主句意思仍清楚，不受影响。) 与主句关系密切，不用逗号 与主句关系不十分密切，用逗号与主句隔开译为汉语时，从句译在先行词前，与先行词用“的”连接 译为汉语时，从句放在主句后面关系代词that可以代替who、whom(指人)、which(指物) 关系代词不用that,只用who、whom(指人)、which(指物) 关系代词代替宾语时可以省略 关系代词不能省略关系代词as和which
先研究下面两个例句：
○1.This elephant is like a snake, as /which everybody can see. =As everybody can see, this elephant is like a snake. 任何人都看得出来，这头象像条蛇。
○2.Tom didn’t pass the physics exam, which made his parents very angry. Tom物理考试不及格，这使得他父亲很生气。
这两个例句中，as和which所代表的都是整个主句所表示的内容。但有两点不同之处：
1. 在形式上as引导的非限制性定语从句可位于主句的后面，也可位于主句的前面;而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能位于主句的后面，不能位于主句的前面。
2. 在意义上，as引导的定语从句和主句的关系一般为一致关系，常译为“正如……”，“就像……”，而which引导的定语从句和主句的关系是因果关系，或which引导的定语从句是对主句的评论。因此，在意思通顺的情况下，which可代替as，而as许多时候不能代替which，如句○2。再如：
1.He was late again, as / which we had expected. =As we had expected, he was late again. 正如我们所料，他又迟到了。/他又迟到了这是我们早就料到的。
2. The street hasn’t been cleared for weeks, which makes it very dirty. 街道好多星期没有打扫了，因此整条街很脏。(不用as)
3.The young man cheated his friend of much money, which was disgraceful. 那年轻人诈骗了他朋友许多钱财，这是不光彩的。(不 用as)
4.He takes exercise everyday, which has done a lot of good to his health. 他每天运动，这对他的身体很有好处。(不用as)
5.As has already been pointed out, English is rather difficult for a foreigner. 正如已经指出的那样，英语对于初学者说，是相当难学的。在such…as…、the same…as…、 as…、 as many…/much as…等结构中,as不能用which代替。如：
1.Such books as this are too difficult for beginners. 这样的书对于初学的人来说是太难了。
=Books such as this are …
=Books like this are …
2.I live in the same building as he (does). 我和他住再同一座大楼里。
3.He knows as many people as are present at the meeting. 他认识所有到会的人。
4.That day we all got up early as usual. 那天我们和平时一样，都起得很早。
“One of the +复数名词”后面定语从句中谓语单复数情况
这一结构后面的定语从句的谓语动词通常用复数形式，跟定语从句所*近的那个复数名词在数上保持一致。如：
1. That is one of the books that are required for study at school.
2. This is one of the most wonderful novels that have been published since 1990.
3. She is one of the few persons who know Spanish .
4. This is one of the most famous plays that were written in the thirties,
如果one of +复数名词这一结构前面带有the only、the very之类的限定语，后面定语从句的谓语动词则要用单数形式，这是因为定语从句在意义上修饰的是而不是那个复数名词。如：
1.He is the only one of the teachers who knows French in our school.( 修饰the only one)
He is one of the teachers who know French in our school.( 修饰the teachers)
2.This is the only one of the rooms that is free now. (修饰the only one)
This is one of the rooms that are free now. (修饰rooms)
as与which引导的定语从句
两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以互换，但下列情况多用as。
1. 关系代词引导的定语从句居句首时。 As we all know, the earth is round.
2. 当与such或the same连用时，一般用as。 Such books as you tell me are interesting. I have the same plan as you.
3. 当从句和主句语义一致时，用as，反之则用which。 She has married again, as was expected. She has married again, which was unexpected.
4. as在从句中作主语时，后面常接行为动词的被动语态，如be known，be said，be reported等，如从句中行为动词是主动语态，一般要用which作主语。
She has been late again, as was expected.
Tom has made great progress, which made us happy.
代词知识点的归纳总结 篇5
定语从句修饰代词
在复合句中修饰某个名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。学习定语从句，引导定语从句的关系代词有who, whom, whose(一般指人);which(一般指物); that(指人或物)等。在句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语。如：
1. This is the teacher who / that teaches us English. 这就是教我们英语的老师。(关系代词who / that 作主语。)
2. Do you understand the sentence which / that I have just explained to you? 你们懂不懂我刚才给你们讲的那个句子?(关系代词which / that 作have explained 的宾语。)
3. China is no longer the country that she used to be. 中国不再是过去那样的国家了。(关系代词that 作be的表语。)
4. Do you know the student whose composition is the best in our school? 你认识那个在我们学校作文最好的学生吗?(关系代词whose作composition的定语。)
关系代词引导定语从句要注意下列几个问题：
一、 关系代词与先行词。关系代词所修饰的(或指代的)词叫做先行词;先行词如果是“物”，则关系代词用which或that; 先行词如果是“人”，则关系代词用who或that; 也就是说，that既可用来修饰“人”也可用来修饰“物”。如：
1. This is the newspaper which / that I am looking for.
[分析]定语从句的先行词为news-paper, 故关系代词可以用which或that。
2. Mr. Li is the teacher who/that teaches us English.
[分析]定语从句的先行词为teacher, 故关系代词可以用who或that。
但如果先行词为all， everything， anything， nothing， little, much 等不定代词，或先行词被very， all， no， any， every， little， much， only等不定代词修饰时，关系代词只用that; 如果先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时，关系代词也只用that; 如果先行词既有“人”又有“物”时，关系代词也只能用that。如：
1. Finally, the thief handed every-thing that he had stolen to the police.
2. That’s the only thing that we can do now.
3. This is the first composition that I have written in English.
4. We often talk of the persons and things that we knew in the school.
二、省略与不能省略。关系代词作主语，不能省略;关系代词作宾语，可以省略。如：
1. Beihai Park is one of the most beautiful parks that were built about 300 years ago in Beijing.
[分析] Beihai Park is one of the most beautiful parks是主句; that were built about 300 years ago in Beijing是定语从句。关系代词that作定语从句的主语，故不能省略。
2. The book (which / that) I lent you yesterday is my brother’s.
[分析] The book is my brother’s是主句;(which / that) I lent you yesterday是定语从句。关系代词which / that作定语从句里谓语动词的宾语，故可以省略。
3. The old man with white hair (who/ whom / that ) we saw at yesterday’s meeting is a professor.
[分析] The old man with white hair is a professor.是主句;(who/whom/that)we saw at yesterday’s meeting是定语从句。关系代词who/whom/that作谓语动词saw的宾语，故可以省略。
三、whose的用法。不管先行词是“人”还是“物”，都可以用关系代词whose作定语修饰后面的名词。如：
1. This book is for the students whose native language is not English.
[分析] whose的先行词是“人”;whose 的意思相当于the students’， 在定语从句里充当定语。
2. Do you know who is living in that house whose windows face south?
[分析] whose的先行词是that house; whose window的意思相当于the window of that house, 在定语从句里充当定语。
四、who与 whom。 指代“人”的关系代词作宾语时，既可用who也可用whom, 但作主语时只能用who。如：
1. Is this the man who / whom you asked for help yesterday?
[分析] 因为关系代词作asked的宾语，故既可以用who也可以用whom(当然也可以省略)。
2. This is the man who helped me carry my bag upstairs.
[分析]因为关系代词作主语，故只能用who (当然也可以用that)。
定语从句中的关系副词
定语从句中的关系副词有三个：when, where和why，它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。其句法结构如下：
表时间的名词 + when + 定语从句
when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
例： I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.
表地点的名词 + where + 定语从句
where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。
例： The factory where his father works is in the west of the city.
表原因的名词reason + why + 定语从句(why只用于reason之后的限制性定语从句中,在定语从句中作原因状语。)
例：That is the reason why I did the job. (在现代英语中why可以省略)
关系副词在定语从句中的用法看似简单，但以下注意点不可忽视：
1. “when”、“where”和“why”的运用取决于表时间的名词、表地点的名词和表原因的名词reason在定语从句中所作的成分，比较下面的几组句子：
★I will never forget the day when I first met you on the seashore.
★I will never forget the days which/that we spent together in Xueyao Middle School.
This is the hospital where my mother works.
This is the hospital which/that we visited the day before yesterday.
The reason why he did not go to school is that he was ill.
This is the reason which/that he gave his boss in the office .
2. “when”、“where”和“why”都可以替换成“介词 + which”，介词的选用取决于先行词和定语从句中的动词。例如：
Do you still remember the day when/on which we first met in Nantong?
This is the room where/in which we lived last year.
Do you know the reason why/for which he refused to go to Mary’s birthday party?
有时定语从句中介词短语和动词有意义紧密的修饰关系，尤其在非限制性定语从句中，常使用“介词 + which”结构，而不使用关系副词。例：
My mother works in a factory, in front of which there is a small river.
At night the soldiers got to a small hill, at the foot of which stood a farmhouse.
3. 关系副词“when”、“where”既可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语从句。例：
I will always remember the day when I first visited the Great Wall.
He came to Shanghai in 1980, when he was only 12.
I don’t know the exact spot where they will meet.
Mr Wang will fly to Beijing, where he will stay for three months.
有时关系副词“when”、“where”引导的限制性定语从句和先行词有间隔的现象，是为了平衡句子的语法需要。
Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a diamond necklace?
The days are gone forever when the Chinese people used “foreign oil”.
简述“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
在“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句的运用中，介词和关系代词的选用需注意以下几点：
一、介词的选用原则
1.根据定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配来决定。
①This is the book on which I spent 8 yuan. (spend money on sth.为固定搭配)
② This is the book for which I paid 8 yuan. (pay money for sth.为固定搭配)
2.根据先行词的搭配习惯来决定。
① I remember the day on which I joined the League. (强调在具体某一天前要用介词on)
②I remember the days during which I lived here. (强调在某几天时间内要用介词during)
③ I remember the month in which I stayed there. (在month前介词要用in)
④ I don’t like the way (that /in which) he spoke to her. (先行词为way，表示“方式、方法”后接that 或in which或者省略)
二、若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom，不可用who、that;关系代词指物时只可用which，不可用that。关系代词是所有格时用whose。
① 刚才跟你谈话的那个人是我的邻居。
The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbour. (正)
The man with that / who you talked just now is my neighbour. (误)
② 我们去加拿大所乘坐的飞机实在很舒服。
The plane in which we flew to Canada was really comfortable. (正)
The plane in that we flew to Canada was really comfortable. (误)
三、介词可以后移，关系代词可以省略。
① The person to whom you’ll write is Mr. Ball.
=The person (whom/that/who) you’ll write to is Mr. Ball.
②What do you think of the materials (which/that) these clothes were made of?
=What do you think of the materials of which these clothes were made?
四、含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：look for, look after, take care of 等。
① 这是我正在找的手表。
This is the watch (which / that) I am looking for. (正)
This is the watch for which I am looking. (误)
② 那个保姆照看的小宝宝们都很健康。
The babies (whom/who/that) the nurse is looking after are very healthy. (正)
The babies after whom the nurse is looking are very healthy. (误)
五、“介词+关系代词”前还可有some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few等代词或者数词。如：
① In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.
② There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.
③ Up to now, he has written ten stories, three of which are about country life.
代词知识点的归纳总结 篇6
定语从句不定代词用法
1、先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰.
This is the most interesting book that l have ever read.
2、先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰.
The second foreign country that l expect to visit is Greek.
3、先行词是不定代词时,如"all、few、little、much、anything、nothing、something"
This is the very good dictionary that I want to buy.
4.、先行词既有人又有物时
Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned?
5、先行词被“only”、“the every”、“no”、“one of”等修饰
He is the only person that l want to talk to.
6、在以“which”、“who”、“whom” 引起的问句中,为避免重复,常用"that"
Who is the man that is standing there?Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?
7、“there be”句型中
8、先行词在主句中作表语,或者关系代词本身作从句的表语时宜用“that”
“that”在作宾语时可省略.
关系代词的用法注意事项
(1)当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who，whom，that， which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如：
This is the house in which we lived last year.
这是我们去年居住的房子。
Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。
(2)含有介词的固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。例如：
This is the person whom you are looking for.
这就是你要找的那个人。
(3)that 作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面，只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如：
The city that she lives in is very far away.
她居住的城市非常远。
(4)关系词只能用that的情况：
a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：
He was the first person that passed the exam.
他是第一个通过考试的人。
b. 被修饰的先行词为all， any， much， many， everything， anything， none， the one等不定代词指物时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：
Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop?
你在商店里有什么东西要买吗?
c. 先行词被the only， the very， the same， the last， little， few 等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：
This is the same bike that I lost.
这就是我丢的那辆自行车。
d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that， 而不用which.例如：
I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.
我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
e. 以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.例如：
Who is the girl that is crying?
正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁?
f. 主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which，例如：
There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom.
桌子上那本书是汤姆的。
(5)关系词只能用which，而不用that 的情况：
a. 先行词为that， those时，用which， 而不用that.例如：
What’s that which is under the desk?
在桌子底下的那些东西是什么?
b. 关系代词前有介词时，which，而不用that.例如：
This is the room in which he lives.
这是他居住的房间。
c. 引导非限制性定语从句，先行词指事物时，用which， 而不用that，例如：
Tom came back， which made us happy.
汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。
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